The mabaadiida evolutionism universal: ah ee ka fikirka iyo baaxadda

The view ugu badan ee asalka ah ee cilmiga ah ee horumar waxaa loo arkaa inay aragtida ah ee Charles Darwin, oo uu hormariyey ee la xiriirta dabeecadda, laakiin waxa ay si cad aan soo sheegnay oo ku saabsan ay applicability aadanaha iyo bulshada aadanaha. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in xitaa ka hor inta mabaadi'da evolutionism universal soo baxday in waxbaridda views Darwin ee, Herbert Spencer, in uu article "mala-awaal ah ee horumarinta» (fikrad Horumarinta), la soo jeediyay uu aragti ah ee horumar universal, halkaas oo mabaadi'da evolutionism universal diyaariyey kaliya ee la xiriirta bulshada .

Spencer taageeray fikradda ah Darwin ee doorashada dabiiciga ah sida mid ka mid ah arrimo ah ee horumar, sida codsatay in ay aadanaha, xilli la beddelaa fikirka ah "badbaadista of fittest ah"). Sida laga soo xigtay Spencer, wax kasta oo adduunka ah ayaa asal ahaan caadi ah, laakiin markaas, in geeddi-socodka ah ee horumarinta, kaladuwan ee wax. Sababta oo ah isbedeladan u dhaqmaan laga yaabaa in uu ra'yi, hiddo, darajooyinka kala duwan ee la qabsashada si dhab, heerka waxqabad ee arrimaha dibadda. Ka dib markii kuwan oo dhan transformations ee dunida iyo dhigay nuxurka ah ku amray, oo waannu og nahay sida aragtida ah. sawir Tani waa deganayn ay dabiicadda, jiritaankeeda waa hab wareegga cusub ee "xigsiin" iyo si nidaamka oo dhan qaadataa on qof ee xad la'aan ah xilliile ah.

natiijooyinka iyo Kuwani bilaabay abuuritaanka fikradda ah ee horumar, kaas oo in aannu mar uu helay badan oo kala duwanaansho iyo fasiraada (Synergetics, aragti fowdo - oo ku saabsan cilmiga VI noosphere ku Vernadsky, fikradda guud ee thermodynamics non-hoganaya Prigogine).

Mabaadiida ah evolutionism caalamiga ah, ee asal ahaan ka mid ah oo waxaa la helay in waxbarista Herbert Spencer, guud ahaan diyaariyey qaab fudud of this: Waxyaalahan oo dhan ee caalamka ma jiri karo oo ka baxsan tirayn evolutionary geedi socodka, iyadoo aan loo eegayn waxa baaxadda waxyaalaha aan la tixgeliyo.

mudnaanta ee Herbert Spencer waa in uu keenay codsiga ee mabaadi'da horumar ka baxsan biology hoose iyo cadaato ay applicability gobollada kale ee caalamka, gaar ahaan, ayaa cadeeyay sida mabaadi'da horumar isu mariyo ee cilmiga (organicism Aragti).

The mabaadiida evolutionism universal ka baxsan bayoolaji iyo cilmiga marka hore isku duubay wakiilada sayniska jirka (fikrad ah asalka ah ee caalamka iyadoo ay sabab u ah "bang weyn" aragtida caalamka ee la ballaariyo, iwm). lays dheeraad ah oo ka mid ah mabaadiida sayniska ayaa keentay in soo bixitaanka of ah jihada cilmiyeed madax bannaan - YAQINSAN taas oo mabaadi'da evolutionism universal helay xaaladda hab cilmiyaysan.

Qodob Guud (mabaadi'da) ujeeddo ah horumar waa:

• aqoonsi ah in dhammaan hababka wax dhisid iyo burbur ee caalamka oo dhan waa u siman yihiin oo ay leeyihiin xuquuq isku mid ah;
• aqoonsi caalami ah kakanaanta ee algorithms iyo abaabulo nidaamyada oo dhan, iyadoo aan loo eegin sifooyinka gaar ah iyo muuqaalada ka bixitaanka iyo koritaanka.

Codsatay in bulshada ay ka dhigan tahay in sirdoonka iyo bulshada ayaa sidoo kale la sameeyey iyadoo la raacayo sharciyada. Oo maxaa yeelay actualized arrin lagu xalinayo in qaab dhismeedka of fikradda this: sida ay u gudbaan ka maareeyn (kala sooca lahayn) ay gacanta dawladda ee bulshada? Jawaabtu waa in fikradda ah evolutionism caalami ah - waa horumarinta tabaha horumar waara (entropy bulshada). Mabaadi'da iyo shuruudaha guurka waa in Dadka ayaa maamulay wadiiqada guurka aan ku salaysan oo keliya danahooda 'awtomatik' iyo danaha hoganaya caalamiga ah (ilaalinta deegaanka, nabad, shuruudaha badbaadada, iwm). Xaaladani waxay, ilaa xad macquul kicisaa su'aasha ku saabsan gobolka maanka iyo Quluub sida ay diyaar ma aha oo kaliya in ay aqbalaan xaaladda, laakiin sidoo kale si ay u sameeyaan guurka waxa ay kala yihiin.

Sayidka, fikirka ah horumar u xaliyaan dhibaatooyinka degdegga ah ee aannu mar oo isku dayaya in ay ka heli qalab universal - mabda'a evolutionism caalami ah, kaas oo isbeddel ah ee hadda, non-hoganaya nidaamka bulshada, si ay qaab sare amartay is-urur.