Waa maxay cudurka ah: Qeexidda, sifooyinka iyo noocyada

deegaanka waxaa ka buuxa tiro badan oo ah "dadka deegaanka", oo ka mid ah waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo sheyga sida fayrusyada, bakteeriyada, fangaska, protozoa. Waxay ku nool yihiin kartaa wada noolaanshaha qummanaado qofka (non-pathogenic), ka jira jidhka iyadoon dhibaato loo geysan xaaladaha caadiga ah, laakiin noqon firfircoon sarkhaansan arrimood gaar ah (fursad) oo noqon khatar ugu ah dadka, taasoo keenta horumarinta cudurka (wareer). Dhammaan fikradaha, kuwaas oo la xidhiidha horumarinta geedi socodka faafa. Waa maxay cudurka ah, maxay kala yihiin noocyada iyo sifooyinka - tixgeliyaa in maqaalka.

fikradaha aasaasiga ah

Cudurka loo yaqaan xiriirka adag ee noolaha kala duwan, taas oo uu leeyahay tiro balaadhan oo ah daliilka - ka qaadee astaamo horumarinta cudurka. Geedi socodka waa natiijo ka mid ah hordhaca ah ee noole ah (virus, fungus, bakteeriyada) in ay ku noolaadaan macroorganism, ay jawaab u ciidankii in baxdo ka reaction gaarka ah ee difaaca.

Features ee cudurka:

1. Faafinta, - awood u leh inay si deg deg ah ku faafaan qof ka jiran si caafimaad leh a.
2. Cayimayo - gaar ah noole yar oo gaar ah keena cudurka taas oo la mid ah iyada muujin iyo deegaamaynta unugyada ama unugyada.
3. Bareeg - geeddi-socodka kasta oo faafa ayaa muddooyinka oo ay dabcan.

muddooyinka

Fikradda ah cudurka waxaa kale oo ku salaysan cyclicity ee geedi socodka bahal ah. Joogitaanka muddo horumarinta sifo kasta calaamado la mid ah,

1. Xilliga cudurku - wakhtigii elapses laga bilaabo wakhtiga sal-dhigida ee noole galay jidhka nool ilaa iyo inta ay jiraan calaamadaha ugu horreeya caafimaad ee cudurka. Xilligan waxa uu socon karaa dhowr saacadood ilaa dhowr sano.
2. muddo prodromatsii - bixitaanka dabeecad caadi ah caafimaad ee inta badan ee hababka pathologic (madax-xanuun, tabar-dari, daal).
3. calaamadaha Xiisad - cudurada ugu sarreysa. Muddadan, kobcinta calaamado gaar ah oo cudurka in a gooladaha heerkulka caadiga ah finan garaacid unugyada maxaliga ah.
4. Bogsashada - waqtiga eynu sawirka caafimaad iyo dib u soo kabashada bukaan-socodka.

Noocyada geedi socodka faafa

Si aad u aragto faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan arrinta in cudurka noocan ah, waxaad u baahan tahay in la fahmo waxa ay tahay. Waxaa jira tiro badan oo kala saaro waxay ku xiran tahay asal ahaan, hadda, deegaamaynta, tirada nooc microbial, iyo wixii la mid ah. D.

1. In si la mid ah wax lays ee wareer ah:

• habka Exogenous - waxa lagu gartaa wax lays ee pathogene ka deegaanka dibadda,
• habka qoomiyadda - shidaa leedahay microflora keeneysa la pathogenic sarkhaansan arrimood loo kasin.

2. By asal ahaan:

• nidaamka lama filaan ah - gartaa maqnaanshaha qabashada aadanaha;
• Pilot - caabuq la rijeynaya kiimikaysan shaybaarka.

3. Sida ay tirada sheyga:

• monoinfection - sababa ah noocyada hal of pathogene ah;
• isku dhafan - lug dhawr nooc oo wareer ah.

4. In si:

• habka aasaasiga ah - oo kaliya u muuqday cudurka;
• habka sare - raacay by sii dheer ee cudurada faafa dheeraad ah ku saabsan asalka cudurka hoose.

5. deegaamaynta:

• qaabka kaalinta - noole yar yahay oo kaliya meesha kaas oo daalaeday galay shaqeeyo ciidanka;
• foomka guud - wareer ku faafin jirka oo dhan la dagitaan dheeraad ah ee meelaha qaarkood jecel.

Hadii jeermiga uu ku faafaa dhiiga, laakiin halkaas kuma badin doonaa, xaalad lagu magacaabo viremia (wakiilka sababaya ah - virus), bacteremia (bakteeriya), fungemia (fangaska), parasitaemia (protozoa). In the case of dhufashada dhiigga wareer ah horumarinta sepsis.

6. dambeysa:

• caabuq ba'an - ayaa sawir dhalaalaya caafimaad oo oo soconaya wax ka badan dhowr toddobaad,
• cudurka chronic - gartaa isbeddel daalid, socon karaa muddo tobannaan sano, waxa ay leedahay sii daridda (noqoshada).

7. Marka Accessories da'da:

• caabuqyada "caruureed" - inta badan saamayn ku caruurta da'doodu 2 iyo 10 sano jir ah oo u dhexeeya (busbuska, diphtheria, qandho iyo casaan, xiiq-dheerta);
• "Cudurka dadka waaweyn," fikradda laftiisa ma aha, sida in ay wareer ku keeni faafidda cudurka ee dadka waaweyn, jirka ilmaha sida xasaasi ah.

Waxaa jira fikradda ah reinfection iyo superinfection. Xaaladda hore, nin ayaa si buuxda u soo kabsaday ka dib markii cudurka mar kale cudurka by pathogene isku. By superinfection reinfection dhacdaa xitaa in koorsada cudurka (nooc pathogene waxaa dahaaray on kasta oo kale).

Jidka dhacaya

Waxaa jira ka dib markii lays ee sheyga in ay bixiyaan wareejinta wareer ah ka deegaanka galay shaqeeyo ciidanka;

• saxaarada-afka ah (alimentary ka kooban tahay, biyo iyo xiriir-qoyska);
• gudba (dhiig) - waxaa ka mid ah galmada, parenteral iyo qaniinyada cayayaanka,
• aerogenic (boodh hawada iyo hawada);
• la xiriir-galmo, xiriir-boogta.

Waayo, wareer ah ugu waxaa lagu gartaa hab gaar ah oo wax lays ee-shaqeeyo Dhaqale by. Haddii hab la isugu gudbiyo waa la kala gooyey, cudurka laga yaabaa in aanay muuqan ama ka sii dari ee daliilka ay.

Deegaamaynta cudurka

Iyadoo ku xiran meesha ay dhibaatadu saameysey, noocyada soo socda ee cudurada:

1. Xiidmaha. Geedi socodka bahal meel mareenka caloosha iyo mindhicirka, wakiilka galo wadada saxaarada-afka. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid salmonellosis, dabadhiig, rotavirus, qandho tiifowga.
2. Neefsiga. Geedi socodka dhacdaa-mareenka sare iyo hoose, sheyga yihiin "dhaqaaqin" kiisaska intooda badan hawada (influenza, cudurka adenovirus, parainfluenza).
3. Dibadda. Wareer sadhayn maqaarka iyo xub-axaleedka, taasoo keenta cudurka fangas, cudurka isnadaamiska, microspores STDs.
4. Dhiig. cudurka gala dhiigga, waxaa u qaadeen dheeraad ah ee jidhka oo dhan (HIV, cagaarshowga nooca B, cudur la xiriira qaniinyada cayayaanka).

caabuqa xiidmaha

Ka fikir ah geedi socodka bahal gaar ah, tusaale ahaan mid ka mid ah kooxaha - cudurada caloosha. Waa maxay cudur ku dhaca marinka dheef shiidka Aadamow, iyo sida uu u kala duwan yihiin?

Cudurada kooxaha wakiil waxaa keeni kara cudurka bakteeriyada, fangas iyo asal ahaan viral. sheyga Viral awood si ay u dhexgalaan waaxda kala duwan ee mareenka caloosha, waxaa loo arkaa in ay rotaviruses iyo enteroviruses. Waxay awoodi ma aha oo kaliya si ay u faafiyaan by wadada saxaarada-afka yihiin, laakiin sidoo kale dhibco garaacid epithelium ee aagga sare ee neefsashada oo keenaya dhuun xanuun herpetic.

cudurada bakteeriyada (Salmonella, dabadhiig qaba) waxaa si gaar ah lagu kala qaado by wadada saxaarada-afka. Infections asal fangas dhici jawaab u isbeddel ah ee jidhka gudaha, oo sababo hoos tallaabada of antibiotics ama isticmaalka muddada-dheer ee diyaarinta hormoon, ee difaaca.

rotavirus

Rotavirus cudurka xiidmaha, taas oo daaweynta waa in ay ahaadaan dhamaystiran iyo waqtiga, mabda ', iyo sidoo kale cudur kale oo waa nus ka mid ah xaaladaha caafimaad ee heley xiidmaha faafa viral. qof cudurka qaba waxaa loo tixgeliyaa khatar bulshada ah tan iyo dhamaadka Xilliga cudurku ilaa complete soo kabashada.

Rotavirus cudurka xiidmaha carruurta waxay dhacdaa inta badan ka adag tahay in dadka waaweyn. Tallaabada daliilka ba'an oo ay la socdaan sawirka caafimaad oo soo socda:

• calool-xanuun,
• shuban (saxarada uu leeyahay midab khafiif ah, waxay noqon kartaa tan xaylka qabta dhiig);
• matag,
• hyperthermia;
• sanka oo dareera,
• barar ah cunaha.

Rotavirus cudurka xiidmaha carruurta kiisaska intooda badan waxaa la socda dillaaca dugsiyada iyo barbaarinta carruurta. By da'da 5, carruurta intooda badani waxay la soo kulmeen naftayda on talaabo ah rotaviruses. Ka dib markii cudurka dhici aan u adag yahay sida kiiskii hore kiliinikada.

cudurka qalliinka

bukaanada u baahan qalliin intooda badan, ayaa xiiso u su'aasha ah nooca waxa cudurka qalliinka. Tani waa hab la mid ah is dhexgalka jidhka aadanaha oo la pathogene, oo kaliya ku dhacda asalka hawlgalka ama u baahan qalliin si loo soo celiyo hawlaha la cudur gaar ah.

Ma ba'an (purulent, carow ah, gaar ah, anaerobic) iyo habka chronic (gaar ah iyo nonspecific).

Iyadoo ku xiran meesha cudurka qalliinka cudurada go'doon:

• unugyada jilicsan,
• xubnaha iyo lafaha;
• maskaxda iyo qaababka ay,
• ee saabka caloosha,
• saabka thoracic;
• xubnaha miskaha;
• qaybaha shaqsi ama xubnaha (qanjirka caanaha, burush, joojin iyo wixii la mid ah. d.).

Wakiilada of cudurada qalliinka

Currently, "ayuu guests" ugu badan hababka purulent ba'an yihiin:

• aureus,
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
• enterococcus;
• E. coli,
• streptococcus;
• Proteus.

Gateway ay wax lays waa lesions kala duwan oo ka mid ah xub-axaleedka iyo maqaarka, ka qaadmay, qaniinyada, xagashada, marinnada qanjidhada (dhididka iyo Qanjirrada). Haddii qofku qabo raasamaal chronic Axdigu ee sheyga (qumanka raaga, rhinitt, suuska ilkaha), ay u noqdaan sabab ay ku kala wareer ah jidhka oo dhan.

daaweynta cudurka

At qalbiga iska leh daaweynta sababaha microflora bahal ah waxaa loogu talagalay baabi'inta sababaha cudurka. Iyada oo ku xidhan nooca wakiilka isticmaalay kooxaha soo socda ee medicaments:

1. Antibiyootikada (haddii pathogene ah - bakteeriyada). Xulashada koox ka mid ah wakiilada bakteeriyada iyo ka dhigi daroogada gaar ah ku salaysan baaritaan bakteeriyadda iyo go'aanka dareenka gaarka ah ee noole ah.
2. Fayruska ka hortaga (haddii wakiilka sababaya ah - virus). In isku midka ah, isticmaalka daroogada in la xoojiyo difaaca ee jirka aadanaha.
3. wakiilada Antifungal (haddii wakiilka sababaya ah - fungus).
4. Dilista (haddii pathogene - Gooryaanka ama ugu fudud ee).

Daaweynta cudurada carruurta ka yar 2 sano ku qaatay isbitaalka, si looga fogaado dhibaatooyinka ay suurtagal tahay.

gunaanad

Ka dib dhacdo ee cudurka, isagoo pathogene gaar ah, khabiir ku kharash gareeya kaladuwan oo ay go'aamiso baahida loo qabo in isbitaal. U hubso in aad sheeg magaca ogaanshaha cudur gaar ah, oo ma ahan oo keliya erayga "infection". Taariikhda cudurka, taasoo dhalaan daaweyn isbitaalka, waxaa ku jira dhammaan macluumaadka ku saabsan heerarka kala duwan ee cudurka iyo daaweynta cudurka gaar ah. Iyada oo uma baahna in ay hospitalize bukaanka dhammaan macluumaadka sida laga diiwaan geliyay bukaan-map-ka.