Waa maxay gudbikaraa Dyson ah? Dyson gudbikaraa jirta ama inaan la siin?

Waa adag tahay in la sheego marka uu qofku ugu horeysay ka yaabay inuu keligiis in ee caalamka. Laakiin waxaa suurto gal ah si loo ogaado waqtiga marka raadinta jawaab su'aashan ka bogagga sheekooyin sayniska guurtay sayniska - dhexe ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, bilowgii da'da meesha bannaan ee. Sida horumarinta meel bannaan oo interplanetary fikrado badan oo ku saabsan ilbaxnimooyinka leeska bilaabay in ay u muuqdaan. Bogagga sheekooyin sayniska ciyaaray dagaal intergalactic, iyo felegga iyo cirbixiyeyaasha isku dayay in uu ogaado in nolosha ku wareegsan xiddigaha fog waa suurto gal. Haddii ay haa tahay, sida loo ogaado? Arintaan waxaa iska leh aragtida fikradaha Freeman Dyson. Baaxadda size weyn, kaas oo u ogolaanaya in ay isku uruursadaan tamar xiddigta - taasi waxa weeye waxa, in uu ra'yi, waa in la raadiyo in meel bannaan oo ugu badan dibadda ah si aad u hesho shisheeyaha.

Frimen Dzhon Dyson

Aqoonyahan American ka soo jeedo Ingiriiska kaasoo ku dhashay 1923. Maanta, 92-sano jir ah Dyson ee gudbikaraa oo xiiso leh oo ay ku jiraan physics galmada, jaamacadaha UCLA, physics of tamartaa yar yahay, oo loo yaqaan mid ka mid ah aasaasayaasha electrodynamics galmada. Waa dhib in ammaan dambe ma wuxuu keenay fikrad ah in saynisyahano u amaahannay ka Olafa Stepldona, qoraa sheekooyin sayniska, author of "The Star Kan sameeyey". Fikradda, loo yaqaan "Dyson gudbikaraa", ayaa soo jeedinaya in ilbaxnimada xeel dhisi karaan dhismaha weyn agagaarka xiddig si ay u kordhiyo isticmaalka ay tamar. Oo markaannu helnay qaab-dhismeedka noocan oo kale ah, saynisyahano lagu ogaan karaa iyo sirdoonka leeska celin.

Ra'yiga

ilbaxnimada Advanced, Waxa dhici jirta in meel bannaan oo dibadda ah, ha dhawaado ama ha fool yaraadan khayraadka tamarta - sida malo ah Dyson. Gacan ah ka howgala mid unit ah sumalka uguma ka xiddig ee xarunta xal u heli karo dhibaatadan. design size cajiib ah ka dhigaysa buuxda loogu isticmaalo tamarta ee xiddigaha iyo, haddii loo baahdo, guriga uu noqonayaa in ay abuuray.

xuduudaheedu

dhumucda gudbikaraa oo, sida laga soo xigtay Dyson u xisaabin, waa in ay ahaadaan ku filan yar yar. Waayo, dhismaha xarumaha sida u baahan doontaa wax ku, by miisaanka, dhowaanin Jupiter. Maanta, mashruuca u eg male aad u dhiirran. Laakiin ma waxaan saaro suurto gal ah in, ka dib markii boqolaal ama kumanaan sano, Dadka awood u turjumo xaqiiqada galay noqon doonaa, oo hadda ka expanses badan ee dhismaha meel dhisme noocan oo kale ah ayaa ilbaxnimada leeska, naga la eego horumarka.

Star la gudbikaraa Dyson Adeeca sharciyada jirka la mid ah sida nidaamyada Planetary. Sidaa darteed, design waa in loo wareejiyo: xoogga culus ee wareeg miisaamaya ciidanka of nalalka cuf iyo weliba uma uu oggolaado shay in uu burburo oo dil isaga.

Calaamadaha ilbaxnimo sare

Sida by gudbikaraa Dyson qorshaysan noqon kartaa tiir sixitaanka joogitaanka sirdoonka leeska celin. Laakiin sida ay u hesho? Sida laga soo xigtay xisaabo afka baarkiisa, qaab-dhismeedka noocan oo kale ah waa in si joogto ah dhaadheer iftiinka. Isagu waa baxsanaya in isha aadanaha. shucaaca waa been qaybta infrared of spectrum ah. qalabka awoodaan in la ogaado ilaha sida, weliba jira, waxay ka heli garoomo dhowr ah.

feature A ee kala duwan ee ka howgala Dyson waa in ay ahaataa ah qaybinta spectral atypical. design Search, jirka dadka aragti ahaan ku tilmaamay hawlan gudahood barnaamijka Seti in lagu ogaado jiritaanka sirdoonka leeska in Cosmos ee. rajada ugu weyn ee ay u qabtaan hawl adag this xilsaaray xoqad "Spitzer" ah.

doodaha ka dhanka ah

Tan iyo dhalashada of aragti Dyson ayaa si joogta ah u sakhirrey in dib looga fikiro iyo dib-u-baaritaanka. Natiijadu waxay tahay fikrad fiican oo ku wargeliyay in wax caynkaas ah ma jiri karo, inta uu doonaba ha sii ilbaxnimada ma uu ahayn, oo aan loo eegayn waxa sifooyinka yeelan lahayd xiddiga. Dyson gudbikaraa, qoqobada adduunka oo dhan, uu helo xawaaraha sare ee gobolka Dhulbadhaha. Xaaladdan oo kale, design ulaha weli taagan, taas oo shaki la'aan waxay keeni doontaa in ay burburtay. Tani waa dood ugu weyn ee ka dhanka aragtida ah ee cilmiga ah American.

Cilmi arrinta ayaa sidoo kale xusay in baaxadda meesha bannaan ee xaddidaya horumarinta ilbaxnimada iyo abuuraa qaar ka mid ah arrimaha dhaqan-weyn, lacagta ka aasaasay jabiyay.

beddeli

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in horumarka sayniska teori Dyson aan tiimbadeen lagay. Waxaa lagu tilmaamay embodiments dhowr beddelka design taas oo qaadan akoonka dhaleeceeynta waaweyn. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah - taasi waa a width giraanta u duqeeyey sida weyn dhexroor sida gudbikaraa ah. Si loo daboolo sida shay noqon kartaa bogagga novel ah "World-Ring" Larri Nivena.

Doorashada labaad - design ah, qaab eg sida fur. dhagid Curved ee gobolka of ulo ka furan yihiin. muuqashadii Tani waxa lagu gartaa miisaan siman gudbikaraa mar kasta dhinaca hoose.

Uu xal dhibaatada la soo jeediyey iyo GI jirka Soviet Pokrovsky. In uu model, design ka kooban yahay go'an of siddo, la xirrira wax u eg qolof ah. ikhtiyaarka noocan ah waxaa loo yaqaan baaxadda "shafeeco saxanka."

Qaab dhismeedka Criswell - beddelid kale soo jeediyay astrokonstruktsii Dyson. Her feature - dusha fractal, si loo kordhiyo aagga of shucaaca qaata xiddigta.

search for a gudbikaraa Dyson khiyaali ah

horumarinta afka baarkiisa ah ee jirka dadka Maraykanka in ka badan konton sannadood. Laakiin si dhab ah u malaynaysaa ku saabsan goobaha search, oo la mid ah baaxadda, waxaan bilaabay kaliya ee 2000 ka, marka horumarinta technology ogol yahay bidhaamaysa gelin qeybaha fog ee bannaan. Baarista macluumaadka soo socda ka telescopes ka muujisay in waxyaabaha u dhigma doorka dhismeedka macmal Rafaa, dhawr boqol oo kun. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dabeecadaha ee murashax walba iyaga oo leh jaaniska ah oo kala duwan waxaa lagu sharaxay sababaha more dayri, ka mid ah kuwaas oo loo yaqaan duqsiyo dhagax xiddig, daruuraha hydrogen iyo wixii la mid ah.

Mid ka mid ah tartamaya ugu danbeysay ee xiddigtii, hareereysan gudbikaraa Dyson ah, iftiin baana ahaaday in koox ka Cygnus. In haayaha ah sumalka uguma waa in loo gudbiyaa sida KIC 8462852.

Dyson gudbikaraa helay?!

In xilliga dayrta ee sanadkii la soo dhaafay ee bogagga warbaahinta loo arki karaa cinwaanka goobta in uu ku dhawaaqo furitaanka ilbaxnimada ah leeska celin. Star, aan ka fogayn meesha aan ku nool nahay dadkuba caqli aan la garanayn, loo yaqaan KIC 8462852. On the dhegyadii of fududaysteen noqday kuwa loo yaqaan mahad xoqad ah "Kepler".

In xilliga dayrta 2015 natiijooyinka ugu horeeya ee waxbarasho ah oo ku luminosity qalaad lagu daabacay. About mar 800 maalmood oo kasta, shucaaca xiddigta waa la dhimay by 15-20%. Dhicii socdaa ka dhowr maalmood ilaa dhawr bilood. dhaqanka Tani ma aha sifo fasalada yaqaan iftiinka iyo in aan la macnayn karaa by marinka ee meeraha ah ee guud ahaan disk ah, sida ay dhacdo in this, yareynta warshadu hawada ku had iyo jeer noqon lahaa waqti isku mid ah. Dzheyson Rayt, saynisyahan ka University of Pennsylvania, soo jeediyay in sababta loo cillad-this - Dyson gudbikaraa. KIC 8462852, sidaas, wuxuu noqday musharax ugu weyn ee raadinta sirdoonka leeska celin.

sharaxaad kale

Wright ayaa si joogta qabtay in ay tahay oo keliya mid ka mid ah qoraalkii, iyadoo ugu lagama yaabo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wararka warbaahinta ee daahfurka suurto galka ah ee dhinacyo Dyson baahsan adduunka ugu mahad. Dhanka kale, waxaa jira sharaxaad kale ee shucaaca xiddiga qalaad ee. Cilmi baarayaal ka socday Jaamacadda Yale hogaaminayo Tabetha Boyadzhian soo jeedinaya in iftiinkuna waa ku hareereysan raxan ah ururta. Waxaa laga yaabaa in, KIC 8462852 dhawr kun oo sano ka hor, waxaan iyaga ku soo qaaday markii ay nidaam kale xiddiga maray. Thabet sheegay in sharaxaad tani waa wax yar oo kaliya badan tahay gudbikaraa Dyson ah. Kulanka ayaa waxaa ka mid ah laba nidaam xiddiga - dhacdo aad u dhif ah, iyo mugga of raxan ka qabtay oo ah ururta, waa in ay noqdaan weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, aragtida this ayaa ilaa hadda helay tirada ugu badan ee taageerayaasha dunida ku sayniska.

si dhow ula Eeg dhsan cad

Si aad u raadiso dhinacyo Dyson biiray by saynisyahano laga Turkey. Waxa ay dhawaan la daabacay daraasad sida ay taas raadinta dhismeedka noocan oo kale ah waa loo baahan yahay ee ka dhsan cad. Xad walxaha meel yar oo qabow waa heerka ugu dambeeya ee horumar ah ee xiddigaha sida qorraxda oo kale. Meelo ay ka howgala dhismaha ay u baahan tahay dadaal yar iyo wax ka badan xiddigaha agagaarka more weyn. Seynisyahanno ku xisaabiyay, in dhumucda dhismayaasha u dhow kii cilin ah oo cad in aanay ka badnaan lahaa 1 mitir. Waayo, dhismaha ayaa loo baahan lahaa wax, miisaan, ku dhowaad siman u Moon ah.

Waxaa laga yaabaa in muddo ka dib, culumadu soo gaarnay heer ah in Sphere Dyson ah - dhismeedka aan loo baahnayn ama aad u adag. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, halka raadinta dhismeedka khiyaali ah sii. Waa ammaan in la yidhaahdo in fikradahan kici doona mustaqbalka, sida aadanaha oo ma joojin isku dayaya in ay ka heli boos badan walaalaha on sabab.