Waa maxay macnaha magaca Jacaylku: khuraafaadka iyo xaqiiqada

Laba ka mid ah qaaradda ugu dahsoon ee dhulkeenna - ee Arctic iyo Antarctic - sii wadaan in ay wax kadis ah in saynisyahano iyo cilmi keeno. Laga bilaabo hadhaagii paleontological iyo dhameysteen raad saamaynta meteorite ee la soo dhaafay ka fog. Laakiin waa maxay magaca Jacaylku iyo meesha ay u dhacday, ma aqaano wax walba.

xoogaa caddooyinka

Waa maxay macnaha horyaalka ee Jacaylku, in aan jawaab ka heli wax yar ka. Magaca mythologized by badmaax Giriigga ee hore. quraafaad sheegayaa sida ilaah sare oo caddooyinka Giriigga, jacayl ku dhacay qandhicil ah Callisto. ilaahyo kale, hinaasay jacaylka, jeestay qandhicil galay orso. Laakiin ka hor in ay dhashay wiil - Arcade. Wiilka uu ku koray ugaarsiga iyo ka qaaday in ujeedkiisu yahay orsada, oo kaasu wuxuu ahaa hooyadiis. Zeus badbaadiyay labadoodiiba, bedalayo Burjiyo - Big iyo Small haansadaa. Waa kuwan xiddigaha iyo maanta - calaamadaha ugu muhiimsan ee hagaya dadka safarka ah.

Philology yara

Suugaan, hadalka lagu turjumay ka Giriigga ah sida "ka hor orsadiiba." cartographers Greek la odhan jiray waqooyiga qaaradda "arktikos" baraf ah oo lagu sharfayo koox ka Ursa Major, taas oo ahayd durkin weyn ee ololaha badda. Soo horjeeda dhulweynaha waqooyiga helay Horgalaha "qudhaanjada" - ka "ka hor". Sidaas daraaddeed waxay ka dhigan tahay magaca Jacaylku, waxaa iska cad in aan qof walba.

A yar oo taariikh

Back ee 350 BC, in uu "Saadaasha hawada," qadiimiga naturalist Greek iyo falsafo Aristotle ku sheegaye jiritaanka "Gobolka Antarctic." geographer A iyo cartographer of Baydka Greece II qarnigii AD Martin Turos ayaa loo qoondeeyey gobolka this on map-ka. The qorayaasha ka mid ah Greece qadiimiga, qarnigii I-II BC Gayos Yuliy Gigin iyo Puglia asal ahan magaca mythological ah antarcticus South Pole polus, kuwaas oo macnaha mucaaradka Northern. Doorshadan noocan oo kale ah ee qaaradda koonfurta, oo waxay noqdeen aasaas u ah magaca antarctique baallaha casri ah, la duubay ee waraaqaha ah ee Old Faransiis ee 1270 iyo treatises England Dzheffri Chosera maray ee 1391.

kala duwanaansho Antarctic

"Taas lidkeeda Waqooyiga" muddo dheer loo yaqaan gobollada ugu kala duwan. Sidaas daraaddeed, qarnigii XVI ee Brazil gumeysi Faransiis yeedhay Antarctic France. Under dhulka, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in magaca qaaradda ee Jacaylku, war oo dhan dhulka jasiiradda of koonfureed ee ugu shishaysa. Ereyga "Jacaylku" waxaa loo isticmaalay in khariidaynta ee qarniyadii dhexe oo waxaa muujinaysaa by qaybta koonfureed ee caalamka.

Sida loo soo wac Jacaylku Jacaylku

Rasmi ah, magaca ku xayiran for si cartographer a Scottish John George Bartolomayos mahad waynaha. Waxa uu ahaa kii in ay 90s ee qarnigii XIX. sidaas darteed waxaan u bixiyey dalkii koonfureed ee caalamka la qoondeeyey sida Jacaylku.

By habka, discoverers ay F. F. Bellinsgauzen iyo MP Lazarev ee 1820 loo yaqaan "qaarada floe baraf" dhulka u furan. Oo Charlz Uilks, Navigator iyo hoggaamiyaha sahamo badan oo ciidamada badda ee America, lagu magacaabaa dalkii reer qaaradda Antarctic ee 1840.

Laakiin iyadoo aan loo eegayn sida aynu u qayshanno qaarada koonfureed ee caalamka iyo in ay maraan jidkii aan sharaxay maxay magaca "Jacaylku", waxyaalaha qarsoon oo ay ma waxaa loo soo afjaro. Hababka New cilmi, sawirka dayax-gacmeedka iyo makiinada shucaaca noo kaxayn in xalinta qarsoodiga yaab cusub ee qaaradda barafka.