Waa maxay shuruudaha nidaamka Linux Ubuntu?

Inta badan dadka doonaya in ay ku rakibi nidaamka qalliinka ah ee aad desktop sida Ubuntu, Kubuntu ama Xubuntu. OS (oo ay ku jiraan oo ku saleysan "Linux") waxaa si guud loo isticmaalo hawlaha Kombuyuutarada shakhsi oo uu leeyahay interface a garaafyada user (gui ah), halka nidaamka server ka gartaa interface line amarka ah (CLI).

Ubuntu - shuruudaha nidaamka ugu yaraan

Shuruudaha System Yar ee lagu talinayo - beegyada uu taas u ogolaan waa in ay sameeyaan cusub ah loo soo dajiyo ee Ubuntu si ay si sax ah u shaqeeya. news Good waa in qalabka, kaas oo u ogolaanaya in uu ordo XP, Vista, Windows 7 x86 OS X, waa had iyo jeer si deg-deg ah la "Ubuntu", xataa haddii ay yihiin kuwo ku jir. Si taas loo xaqiijiyo, isku day in aad kala soo bixi sida CD ah Live, sidaa darteed marka hore hubi awoodaha hardware ah.

Waa maxay, ka dibna, in shuruudaha nidaamka Linux Ubuntu?

qalabka waa in ay leeyihiin sifooyinka hardware soo socda:

• 700 processor MHz (oo ku saabsan Intel Celeron ama ka fiican).
• 512 RAM MB (nidaamka xusuusta).
• 5 GB oo ah meel bannaan oo ku wadid aad u adag (ama kaararka flash, kaararka xusuusta ama drive adag dibadda, laakiin LiveCD waa ku haboon yahay hab kale).
• VGA iyo 1024x768 xalinta screen.
• Ama CD / DVD-drive ama USB-dekedda si loo bilaabo rakibayo ah.
• Helitaanka internetka waa mid waxtar leh, laakiin aan loo baahan yahay 100%.

xallinta screen waxaa lagu dhigay doonaa goob ugu sareeya ee kaarka video aad ordi karaan. Laakiin haddii load koror ah, waa in aad isticmaasho ikhtiyaar hab naqshadeynta Low kuu ogolaanaya inaad si ay u qabtaan goobaha ugu wanaagsan ee aad monitor.

On hal gacan ah, hardware, soo saaray in ka badan dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, ama qalabka loo abuuray ujeeddo gaar ah, inta badan waa in ay si fiican ula shaqeyn karin yar. Tusaale ahaan, netbook la SSD 8 GB shaqeyn doonaa "Ubuntu" waa wanaagsan yahay, inkastoo ay ka maqan doonaa meel lagu keydiyo. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxa ku caawin kara adeegga daruur.

Dhinaca kale, computer duug ah, la sii daayay oo ku saabsan 15 sano ka hor oo uu leeyahay 8 GB bixisaa drive adag, u badan tahay, aan si fiican ula OS cusubi u shaqeyn doono, maxaa yeelay, ma la kulmay shuruudaha nidaamka lagu talinayaa in Ubuntu. Waxay isku dayi kartaa si loo soo dajiyo "Ubuntu", laakiin waxaa lagu talinayaa in aadan isticmaalin version cusub. Sidoo kale, qaar ka mid ah qaybinta GNU / Linux u baahan karaan a aad u awood badan hardware (tusaale ahaan, Ubuntu GNOME).

Dhammaan 64-bit (x86-64) Processor waa in ay ahaadaan dhakhso ku filan oo ay si fiican u la (shuruudaha nidaamka taas oo muuqan kara weyn) Ubuntu shaqeeyaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamka hawlgalka this in si wanaagsan loo raran karo oo 32-bit (x86) versions. Waayo, rakibaadda ah filaayo (iyo gaar ahaan kuwa doonaya in ay ka shaqeeyaan in ka badan 3 GB ee RAM), si kastaba ha ahaatee, disc rakibo 64-bit waa dheeraad ah oo suurad wacan. version 32-bit, sida caadiga ah, waxaa ka hawl yar in ay isticmaalaan oo ka shaqeeya si ay u qabtaan hawlo ka yar.

Waayo, versions cusub

Ubuntu Desktop 14,04 iyo kor u adeegsanayaa Midnimada sida a garaafyada interface user by default, halka daayo hore isticmaali guddi GNOME ah. In si ay u bilaabaan xisbiga Enhedslisten, habka uu u baahan yahay a garaafyada adabtarada awood badan. Xaaladdan oo kale, shuruudaha nidaamka Ubuntu 14. 04 waa sida soo socota:

• 1000 ΜHz processor (Celeron Intel ama ka fiican).
• 1024 RAM MB.
• Graphics adabtarada oo leh ugu yaraan 256 MB.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhaqanka muujinaysaa in waxa la soo jeedinayaa in ay 2048 MB ee RAM hawlgalka siman oo casri ah versions of Ubuntu.

Kombiyuutarada, kuwaas oo da'doodu ka badan tahay 10 sano (asal ahaan iibsaday preloaded la Windows ME ama Windows 2000) in aan waafaqsanayn shuruudahaa, kuwaas oo noqon doona in ka dib markii qaar ka mid ah beddelka karin (RAM sida caadiga ah u baahan yahay in la gaarsiiyo heerka loo baahan yahay). Intaa waxaa dheer, in aad had iyo jeer ka soo dejisan kartaa distro ah oo khafiifa ama qabtaan rakibo a yar ee Ubuntu.

Tallaabada ugu sahlan uguna wax ku ool ah si loo xirxiro yar ee Ubuntu - waa in la soo bixi jawi desktop khafiifa. Deegaanka Desktop Kuwaas oo inta badan loo yaqaan waa Xfce (Xubuntu) iyo LXDE (Lubuntu). Qaar ka mid ah codsiyada waaweyn (tusaale ahaan, LibreOffice) lagu bedeli kara a dhigma aad u fudud.

saamaynta muuqaal ah

saamaynta Visual bixiyaan noocyo kala duwan oo awoodaha muuqaallo kale oo dheeraad ah si ay u desktop-ka si ay u soo jiidasho iyo fududahay in la isticmaalo. Xitaa haddii aad computer waa xoog badan ku filan si ay u ordaan saamaynta muuqaalka, weli iyaga waxaad u tagi kartaa off iyadoo weli OS Ubuntu waxtar leh.

saamaynta Visual waxa karti lagu siiyaa default ee download haddii aad leedahay a GPU (kaarka naqshadeynta ama chipset dhafan), oo ay taageerayaan "Ubuntu". saarayaasha GPU taageerayaan waa sida soo socota:

• ATI (qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxay u baahan yihiin waxaa laga yaabaa in fglrx ah darawal lahaansho).
• Intel (i915 ama ka dib, marka laga reebo GMA 500, sidoo kale loo yaqaan Poulsbo).
• NVidia (la wadayaasha lahaansho).
• Gui khafiifa kale (Xubuntu iyo Lubuntu).

version khafiifa

Haddii uu jiro computer duug ah ama qalab la guryaha hardware yar yahay, oo aad rabto in aad hesho ugu badan uga qalabka, Intaa waxaa dheer ee ah "Linux", aad leedahay fursad. Xaaladdan oo kale haboon in la fududeeyey doonaa by nidaamyada hawlgalka sida Xubuntu ama Lubuntu. Waxay laguu ogolaado in aad si wax ku ool more isticmaalaan khayraadka qalab ee aad. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad nidaamka uu leeyahay wax ka yar 192 MB ee nidaamka xusuusta, isticmaali CD ah loo xirxiro kale ah.

shuruudaha ugu yar ee nidaamka Xubuntu noqon doontaa qiyaastii inta u dhaxaysa Server Ubuntu iyo Desktop:

• 512 RAM MB xasuusta (RAM).
• 5 GB meel disk.
• Graphics card iyo taageero monitor 800x600 xal.

Intaa waxaa dheer, in aad had iyo jeer isticmaali kartaa mid ka mid ah qoraalkii of Ubuntu, shuruudaha nidaamka taas oo aad u yar tahay. Sidaas daraaddeed, si loo soo dajiyo Lubuntu, waxaad isticmaali kartaa kombiyuutarada xaddiga ah xitaa kuwa yaryar ee xasuusta badan kor ku xusan.