Xaqiiqooyinka Interesting ka nolosha Zhukovsky. Life iyo Works of Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky - qof firfircoon, ku guulaysteen in ay wax badan. The xaqiiqooyinka xiiso weyn ee ka nolosha Zhukovsky been in xaqiiqda ah in uu noqdo gabayaa si fiican u yaqaan, turjumaan iyo maxkamadda la taliyaha istaahilo. Waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay ogaadaan fikradaha ay hal abuur leh ee ballads iyo heeso, gabayo iyo turjumaadaha. Tan iyo carruurnimada waxay ahayd damacsanaayeen muuqata qurux, taas oo Vasily oo aan ka waaban in ay keenaan si ay nolosha. Taas darteed, waxaan haatan fursad u leeyihiin inay akhri gabayo of Zhukovsky.

asal Zhukovsky

VA Zhukovsky kor loo keenay aabbihiis ma u gaar ah, waayo, isagu waa ka ina ay diideen. Oo waxaa dhacday, maxaa yeelay, Basil waxaa ku dhalan guur by Athanasius Ivanovich Bunin (weyn awoowe Abwaan Ruush iyo qoraa Ivan Bunin) iyo naag Turkish maxaabiis Salhi. Waxay waxaa la keenay Russia ka dib markii la hareereeyo oo ka mid ah Turkish qalcadda ee Bendery. Salha la baabtiisay oo waxaa la siiyey magaca Elizabeth Orthodox. Waxay ku qaaday fanaaniinta ah mulkiilaha. Tan iyo February 9 (New Style) 1783 muuqday Basil, laakiin wiilka ayaa la siiyay magaca nin oday reer u Zhukovsky, kuwaas oo ku noolaa ee naxariista Bunin. Bunin kor loo keenay ina carruurtiisa ula sharci ah. Waa inaan sheegaa in A. I. Bunin xaqiijiyey in wiilkiisa helay knighthood a, iyo tan iyo carruurnimada ayaa duubay ciidanka ee uu, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa khayaal ah. Sayidka, by da'da lix wiil noqday Sarreeye ah iyo waxaa loo tixgeliyaa mudane a. Laakiin doonista ina sharci darrada ah Afanasiy Bunin laguma sheegin, taasoo ka dhigeysa dhaxalgal ah caruurta sharci ah.

The shaqsiyad xiiso Abwaan?

V. A. Zhukovskogo run ahaantii ahaa shakhsi muhiim ah in taariikhda gabayada Ruush. Waxaa dhiirigelintiisa lahaa fikradaha oo ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu Western iyo qorayaasha Vasily abuuro shuqullo iyaga u gaar ah, ka buuxiyey iimaanka in mustaqbal wanaagsan si ay dadka, ee in ay noqon karaan iftiimiyey ah oo madax banaan. Aayadaha uu isticmaalo images taataabtay, taas oo xataa ka badan si cad u muuqato fikrad ah ee madaxbanaanida, halganka ee hadafyada ay dureri dhexdeeda wanaag, qurux, iyo amarka.

Sidaasay u muuqday aayaadka ugu horeysay ee Zhukovsky - "Xabaalaha Miyiga", "Singer waxay xeradii reer askari oo Ruush", "Emperor Alexander." Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah - call a for nabadda, wada noolaanshaha, racfaan dabeecadda, nabad iyo shanqar la'aan. Zhukovsky jecel yahay in ay ka fikirin quruxda iyo waxyoonay waxa by, isku dayayaan in ay ku raaxaystaan dabeecadda iyo akhristaha. Sidaa darteed, mar walba oo xiiseynaya in dhinaca gudaha ee nolosha aadanaha. Waxa uu ka fog yahay ka siyaasadda, dagaallo iyo halganka bulshada. Waxaa si aan u arki kartaa in ay 'gabayada, "gabayo," Si Batyushkov "," Slav "iyo kuwa kale.

Dad yar ogahay in Zhukovsky waa qoraaga of khadadka "qurux saafi ah" ka. Ka dib markii ay Pushkin soo noqnoqda.

Zhukovsky Feature

In dhigta Dugsiga Boarding ee Noble, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa bulshada suugaanta, wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha. Activity ee bulshada ayaa waxaa soo abaabulay, dhinacyada oo dhan la haga dastuurka. Sidaas, qof ka mid ah gabayaa iyo awoodda soo jireenka ah si ay u qabtaan Jidka caadi ah, oo muujinaya talanti iyo kartidooda. Waxaa laga yaabaa in kuwanu waxay ahaayeen tayo in Zhukovsky (Abwaan) ahaa macallinka Alexander II.

Ilo badan oo ku andacoodaan in Vasily may ahayn oo kaliya macalin wanaagsan, laakiin sidoo kale la taliye ee maxkamadda. Marar badan ayuu badbaadiyey Gabayaana waxaa loo musaafuriyay, gaar ahaan A. S. Pushkina, saameyn ku yeelan kartaa aragtida gooyo hadda, si loo yareeyo xukunka, T. E. Zhukovskomu soo jireenka ah ee hadiyad diblomaasiyadeed.

Waayo, nafta ka taataabtay ee edeb Abwaan uncharacteristic ah. On lid ku ah, tan iyo yaraantaadii uu kala duwanaayeen sentimentality, wuxuu ahaa xasaasi ah oo xasaasi ah. Waxaan u lahaa urur ruuxi wanaagsan, iyo waayo-aragnimo kasta waxa ay aad uga dhaawacmay isaga. Gabayo iyo turjumaadaha ayaa ka caawiyay in ay muujiyaan dareenka iyo xanuunka soo maray by Abwaan, iyo akhristayaasha ayaa u waxyoonay by epithets cad oo Ogolow, weedho qurux badan in ismaandhaafka jecel yihiin in ay ku noolaadaan. Zhukovsky Abwaan fudayd hal abuur qabsoomey.

doorka Zhukovsky ee maxkamadda reer boqor

Tiro yar oo ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu iyo qorayaasha ku faani karo saamayn weyn maxkamadda. Sida caadiga ah gabayayaashiinnu Naceen waayo, erayadii waa weyn ee aayadda musaafuriyay ama samayn, laakiinse Zhukovsky u suurtagashay in ay jebiyaan oo qalbiga ayay Imperial, oo marar badan ayuu badbaadiyey Gabayaana waxaa loo musaafuriyay, caawiyay A. S. Pushkinu, Abwaan Serf Shevchenko. Thanks isaga si, Decembrists ma soo diray in mambar ah, oo waxaa loo musaafuriyay Siberia. Wixii saamayn noocaas ah waxay u baahan tahay tayo, iyo Zhukovsky, shaki la'aan waxa uu ahaa. Haddii kale, nolosha Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo Ma tegi lahaa taariikhda. Xaqiiqada muujiyo sida dhab ah in ay qaataan opinion oo ka mid ah wakiilada Abwaan guri ammaan boqornimada.

Zhukovsky sano oo nolosha ah ayaa waxay xaladii la fikirka ah ee waxbarashada, sida ay taas, oo uu noqdo siman shisheeyaha in, iyo Ruush. Laakiin Ruush, Xukuntay qoto dheer Abwaan, waa lacagta u weyn in Fatherland ah, ka badan shisheeye ah. Arintaan dhaqmaan doonaa is-dulsaar, halkii for jacaylka Russia, ay isla qofkii u doondooni doonaa si ay u caawiyaan hooyo ilaa dhammaadka. Dhexdeeda been ka xoog iyo itaal oo ka mid ah Fatherland, halkaas oo kaalinta qiyaano ciyaaray by siyaasadda boqorka.

nolosha Personal Abwaan

Basil Afanasievich ninna ma jirin mudanayaal '. First Love uu la kulmay da'da 22 ee guriga walaashiis ku jiray by aabbeheed, Ekateriny Protasovoy. Gabadheeda Masha ahayd 12 sano jir ah, oo iyana waxay ahayd arday ee Zhukovsky. Ka dib 7 sano oo Basil woo Masha Protassova ah. Laakiin helay failure adag hooyo Catherine sheegay in Mary - walaasha of Basil.

nolosha Personal Zhukovsky bilaabay at 58 sannadood buu jiray markuu u tegey inuu Germany oo wuxuu guursaday gabadhii uu saaxiib, artist ka Reitern, April 21, 1841 Gabayaaga ka go'an iyada gabay "Elizabeth Reitern", kaas oo la sii daayay 1840 weriyey "Musical iyo masrixiyada Gazette ". Elizabeth ahayd waqti in 19 sano jir ah. From guurka wiil Paul iyo Alexandra gabadhiisa. Dhowr sano ka Zhukovsky baabiiyo fikradda ah in uu dalkiisa soo laabtay, laakiin farageliyey xanuun naagtiisa.

Si wada jir ah waxay ku noolaa muddo 15 sano ah.

Bishii April 1852 magaalada Jarmal ah Baden-Baden, nolosha gabayaa ee laga gooyay.

In 1856, Elizabeth dhintay Zhukovskaya.

Zhukovsky in xusuus ah

xaqiiqooyinka Interesting ka nolosha Zhukovsky siin-qorka ee saffarro. Sidaa darteed dabeecadaha qorkiisa ay madmadow. Qaar ka mid ah waxa ay u arkaan dabeecad aamusin ee noocoodu yahay, dadka kale ku doodayaan in Zhukovsky - naf shirkadda. Way adag tahay in xukumi, sidaas darteed, ku kalsoon tahay in xigashooyin.

In qorkiisa uu, camera-a page of Maria Feodorovna Zhukovsky "aamusnaan dhaqmayay" ayuu, marnaba muuqa hal eray oo ku Ruush. Laakiin dad badan oo jeclaa wada hadalka u fiirsasho leh oo ku saabsan mawduucyada aan la taaban karin in keento gabayo ka buuxa images taataabtay, sida "Warbixin faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan Dayaxa." Lama filaan ma aha qorkiisa badan u muujinayaa image ee Zhukovsky ahayd iyada oo gabayada. In iyaga wuxuu u muuqataa "saaxirka", "Sheeko", "oo gabayaa ahaa askartii Ruushka", "Christian." Taasi waxay ahayd magaca Abwaan asxaabta, qaraabada iyo dadka ay ogaadaan wax yar oo ku saabsan.

Xataa in nolol maalmeedka si uu ula xiriiraan dadka ugu horayn arkeen Vasilii Andreeviche gabayaa. Si kooban oo ku saabsan Zhukovsky sheegay AD Bludova: "Sheeko isaga la mid qaali ah la ... gashan kartina u dhow asalka ah dareemi sida uu images taataabtay." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dad kale, waxaan ka baranaynaa sifooyinka aad u kala duwan. In ka qorkiisa saaxiibo dhow F. F. Vigelya, A. S. Pushkina, nolosha P. A. Vyazemskogo iyo shaqada Zhukovsky eegi kala duwan. Waxa ina hor leh image ee turub, turub, "ayuu beenaale funny iyo cajiib ah."

Sayidka, our geesi isku daraa labo muuqaalka imaanayn. Wuxuu kala muuqato nolol maalmeedka iyo shuqulka, laakiin taasi waa waxa kuu ogolaanayaa inaad si ay u abuuraan sawirka ugu dhab ah. Halista waa ku xiga si ay parody, kaftan ah - baaqaya nool habboonaanta iyo xaqa.

view kale

xaqiiqooyinka Interesting ka nolosha Zhukovsky muuqan marka aan akhriyo qorkiisa ku ao Smirnova-Rosset, aqoon, naag hibada suugaaneed. Waxay diiradda iyada Laabeen on Zhukovsky ah maalin kasta, oo sidaas daraaddeed ay sharaxaad Abwaan qaadataa macnaha dhan kala duwan. Vasily noqdaan khayraad, jacaylka yar,, nooca, kaftan, daacad, jecel kaftanka aan waxba galabsan iyo kaftanka ilmaha.

In lagu qurxiyo suugaanta ma aha iyada oo aan V. A. Zhukovskogo, maxaa yeelay, waxay arki isaga ku kalsoon hadafyada isaga u gaar ah oo ah nin innovator ah ee suugaanta. Qiyaastii shuqulladiisa had iyo jeer u guban dood kulul, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in ay ka mid akhristayaasha oo cadaawayaashiinna careysiiyay resonate. Laakiin Zhukovsky u muuqday dood firfircoon durkaan iyo dood. Wuxuu iyaga daawashada dhankeeda, ilaalinta aamuseen. In daqiiqado kuwa, erayada qoraaga qudhiisa, wuxuu ka helay magan in gabayada, "taas oo ah madax banaan oo ka mid ah garsoorayaasha-arkay gaaban iyo content laftiisa."

In qorkiisa uu, u saaxiib dhow A. S. Pushkina Zhukovsky tagaa saaxiib lagu kalsoonaan karo, aamin ah, bukaan iyo qirtay: ". Halganka la dhibaatooyinka Orodyahanka aan caadi ahayn"

kiiska caadiga ah

Qaar ka mid ah xaqiiqooyinka xiiso leh uga noqdeen nolosha ee Zhukovsky isaga ku tilmaami sida deeqsi qofka, nooca. qorkiisa badan oo u dabaal uu Furuujtooda, laakiin si fiican u fahmaan in ay ka caawisaa image hal kiis. In 1840, saaxiibada Zhukovsky go'aansadeen in ay isaga u siiyaan qado, kaas oo doonayay in uu u yimid inuu professor dadka waayeelka ah. Abwaan diiday inuu isaga arko liiska martida, maxaa yeelay, wuxuu akhriyey uu odes laudatory iyo gabagabadii of Vasily qudhiisa. Buuxi warheynta in ay magac iyo uusan jabin ah qoraaga tilmaamay sida ruuxiga ah, aqoonsiga hadda.

Life iyo shaqada Zhukovsky muujiyo in uu la kulmay ay si taxne kore iyo, laakiin ka hor dhamaadka maalmood uu ku hadhay run in hadafyada uu. Isagu ma uu ahaa aarsanaya, sidaas bandhigay A. S. Pushkinu sawirka erayo "guusha ardayga ka macalinka khasaare ah" ka.

Mid ka mid ah maalin qabow Zhukovsky arkay tuug ah oo ku saabsan dhinaca wadada cagahana qabowgu. Oo wuxuu isagii ku siinayaa 110 rubles (wadarta weyn waayahaas, waayo, marka la barbardhigo, casho wanaagsan makhaayad ku kacaysaa 10 cents). Maalintii xigtay, curyaan ah ee tilmaamaha Zhukovsky qaaday isbitaal iyo daweeyey free.

Kaas oo gaadhay gabayaa?

• Waxa uu ahaa kii horumariyo nasjonalromantiske Ruushka, ka qayb qaatay in ay soo if-qaataan hal-abuurkooda. Tarjumaadda shuqullada Yurub, Abwaan waxaa uu ku dhiiraday by fikradaha reer galbeedka oo isku dayay inuu iyaga geeyo nolosha dadka Ruush, laakiin si dibloomaasiyad wuxuu ku samayn, iska ilaalinta weedho adag ka dhanka ah Gobolka, iyo this kasbatay jacaylka abtirsan Imperial. Ka dibna waxa fikrado ka taataabtay waxaa sameeyey shuqulkii iyo gabayaaga kale Ruush. Gaar ahaan, S. A. Pushkin ahayd mid ku salaysan shaqada ee Zhukovsky, waxaa lagu maamuusayo iyo amaanay tayadiisa.
• Thanks to gargaar ka Zhukovsky sida maleegay, aan aqoon shuqullo badan oo A. S. Pushkina, gaar ahaan la maansadu "Ruslan iyo Lyudmila". Alexander - hanad ka mid ah suugaanta ee qarnigii 19 - ma qori kartaa dheeraad ah oo aan reading aayado kale Zhukovsky, iyo kaliya ka dib markii qiimeyn of sii si ay u abuuraan.
• Sida macalin ee Emperor of Alexander II, Zhukovsky baray in ay ka fekeraan weyn, ku tiirsan fikradaha reer Galbeedku, jacaylka yar beerto for doonista boqorka iyo wacyigelinta. Iyada oo amar this, Alexander II, serfdom oo la tirtiray 1861.
• Hal-abuurka Vasily aqoonsan qarniyada badan ee akhristayaasha iyo weli caan ah ilaa maantadan la joogo. xusuustiisu waxaa ka mid ah waxaa la sii kordhaa.

Zhukovsky Raadraaca

Zhukovsky sano oo nolosha ku tagay ay calaamaddu. Faracoodii maray gabayo badan, turjumaadaha, articles suugaanta daadiya iftiin on dhacdooyinkii la soo dhaafay, waa dokumenti taariikhi ah, la daabacay maanta, taas oo macnaheedu yahay hal-abuurka Vasily oo xiiso leh noo.

Zhukovsky - author of 6 elegies: ". Singer waxay xeradii reer askari oo Ruush" "Xabaalaha Miyiga", "Slav", "badda", "fiidkii", "On dhimashada ...",

Waxa uu ku qoray heesta "Ring xaasnimada naftayda" iyo "Turgenev, in jawaabta uu warqad," gabaygii, idylls iyo odes. Waxa uu ku qoray heesta ugu horeysay ee Russian qaranka "Tukashadu waa Ruush."

Laga soo bilaabo markii uu qalinka yimid sheeko cirfiid ah "Hurdada Princess", "The SHEEKADII Tsar Berende", "The SHEEKADII Ivan Tsarevich iyo Gray Wolf ah," "qabaneyso in Boots."

Author ee 12 ballads - "Svetlana", "King of Forest ah", "Knight Togenburg" iyo kuwa kale. Shuqulkiisa in tiraab - novel ah "Marina Grove". Qoraalka articles, gabayo, Aayado, gabayo. Goethe sameeyey wareejinta iskaa wax u qabso, Schiller, Byron, Scott.

Zhukovsky ahaa draftsman wanaagsan iyo inuu ka tagay Dakatu badan oo xiiso leh in qalin.

Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee Abwaan

02.09.1783 - dhalashada Vasiliya Zhukovskogo.

1789 - helitaanka abtirsan.

1797-1801 GG. - tababarka ee dugsiga hoyga ah, kaas oo ahaa in ciidamo ka tirsan jaamacadda Moscow ee.

1802 - kulankiisii ugu horeysay sida gabayaa iyo turjumaan. In the "Journal of Europe" daabacay gabay ah "Xabaalaha Miyiga" - turjumaad bilaash shuqulladii Abwaan Ingiriisi ah ee Gray. Nolosha hal abuur leh ee Zhukovsky sii waday ilaa wuxuu kaga afuufay neeftii ee la soo dhaafay.

Of 1808-1809. - editor of "Rasuulkii Europe".

1812 - Vasily Zhukovsky tagay maleeshiyada. Waxa uu cadeeyay in aan joogitaanka dhulka ku ma qori kartaa gabayo iyo gabyi dareenka waddani. Waxaad u baahan tahay in ay la kulmaan dareenka dadka. Haddii kale, ee Aayaadkiisa ha rumaysanina.

1815 - casuumay si ay hawsha maxkamadda. Waxa intaa dheer in takaaliif ah ee kale, u adeegay sidii sheekeeye of Maria Empress ku Feodorovna.

1817 - magacaabay in ay baraan luqada Ruush amiirad Charlotte.

1825 - wuxuu u doortay barahaaga of Alexander II.

1841 - Zhukovsky iska casilay ka board ee nolosha ee 4000 rubles sanadkiiba. Arooskii Abwaan. U soo guurista Germany.

24.04.1852 magaalada - geerida Abwaan. V. xabaashii A. Zhukovskogo ku yaal St. Petersburg, qabuuraha of Nevsky Alexander ku Lavra. Waxay ku taalaa soo socota si ay qabriga N. M. Karamzina - macalinka Abwaan.