Xoraynta ee Minsk ee 1944 ka duulay faashistihii

Mid ka mid ah marxaladaha ugu muhiimsan ee hawlgalka milatari fuliyay Belarus ee 1944, wuxuu ahaa xoraynta ee Minsk ka duulay Nazi. Ujeeddadiisu waxay ahayd ma aha oo kaliya deegaanka, laakiin sidoo kale burburinta dhamaystiran oo ka mid ah kooxaha ugu weyn ee Wehrmacht ah, oo ku yaalla aagga. Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidanka Cas lahaa hawsha sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suuragalka ah in ay nadiifiso cadowga ka caasimada Belarus. Dhacdadani waxa ay kuweyn ka dhacay July 3, 1944. In Belarus maanta ma ahan oo kaliya taariikhda xoreynta Minsk, caasimadda gobolka, laakiin sidoo kale fasax qaran - Maalinta Xornimada.

Xaaladda qaliinka ka hor

In 1944, saddex hawlood oo gaar ah guulaha ciidamada ayaa la sameeyay - Mogilev, Vitebsk, Orsha iyo Bobruisk, taas oo keentay in qayb ka mid ah 4-tii iyo ciidammada 9-ka tirsan kooxda Jarmalka "Center" soo baxay in la dhowaad hareereeyeen by xiriir Soviet. Amarka Hitler ee gargaarka ciidamada uu oy ciidamada cusub, taas oo ka mid ah 4-ta ah, 5aad iyo 12aad Panzer Division.

Tartiib tartiib, giraanta ku wareegsan Jarmalka degtay, iyo xoreynta dheer la sugayay ee Minsk ahayd oo kaliya hareeraha derbiga geeskiisii. By dhamaadka maalinta June 28 I. D. Chernyahovsky, kooxaha inta badan 3-dii Belorussian Front, si River Berezina u yimid, oon ku daboolaya cadowga xagga woqooyi. Taa baddalkeeda, I. H. Bagramyan la ciidamada Baltic 1aad galeen dagaalo ka dhacay degmada Polotsk. Isla mar ahaantaana G. F. Zaharov la ciidamada 2aad Belarus Front garaacday cadowga dhinaca bari, iyo KKRokossovsky iyo ciidankiisa - xagga koonfureedba, iyagoo ku guuldareystay inay soo gaaraan laynka Osipovichi - Svisloch - Kopatkevichi ama wax ka sareeya on River Pripyat ah. xeryahooda sare qaarkood mar hore waxay ahaayeen boqol kiiloomitir u jirta caasimadda ah ee Jamhuuriyadda.

qorshaynaysa Tartannada

amarka Soviet fahamsan yahay in aad si adag u shaqeeyaan si loo xaqiijiyo in xoraynta ee Minsk ee 1944 wuxuu noqday mid dhab ah. Sidaa darteed, on June 28 dhigay heerka target of Army Cas a - in ay go'doomiyaan iyo baabi'iyo isutagga faashistihii weyn. Si arrintan loo sameeyo, ciidamada la qorsheeyay ee 1aad iyo Lugbuur Belorussian 3aad gaysto foori burburiyo ee ciidamada Jarmalka, kuwaas oo ilaa hadda ay magaalada ka jira. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa uu ogol yahay in horay u sii galbeed xiriir 2aad Byelorussian. Sidaas darteed, ciidamada oo dhan Lugbuur ku lugta lahaa howgalka ay ahaayeen in ay go'doomiyaan ugu horeysay, ka dibna wada baabbi'in group Minsk oo dhan cadowga.

Isla mar ahaantaana Army Cas lahaa, oo aan istaagin, in ay si tartiib ah u guurto galbeed, sidaas darteedna uu xadidayo ciidamada cadowga iyo iyaga siiyey inay ku xirmaan kooxda Minsk ee. ficillada kooxda Soviet noocan oo kale ah in la abuuro shuruudo wanaagsan ee weerarka xiga meelaha Kaunas, Siauliai iyo Warsaw.

Waxqabadka 3-dii Belarus

June 28 Command Sare waxaa ka hadlay sida ay amar la xiriira hore ee kaas oo ahaa in ay si degdeg ah ka gudbo webi Berezina ah, ka dibna ay bilaabaan horay degdeg ah laba jiho - caasimada of Belarus iyo Molodechno ah. dhabarjab ugu weyn waxaa loogu talagalay xoraynta ee Minsk ka duulay Nazi ayaa ciidamada ku riday 31 th, 5 th iyo 11 th Army iyo 2aad Haanta Corps.

Maalintii xigtay, askartii sare oo ka tirsan ciidamada Cas u suurtagashay in ay qabsadaan dhowr bridgeheads on River Berezina iyo garaaca caqabadaha cadowga, guurto meel fog of 5, iyo meelo qaar ka mid ah, oo 10 km. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kulantay iska caabin ah madax adag ee Jarmalka, Ciidamada Soviet ay ku lug lahaayeen dagaal culus. Waa sababtaa tan aan fiidkii on June 29, Army Red lahaa oo keliya inay wabiga ka gudbaan.

At ciidamada waqti isku mid ah Ciidamada 5aad hoos amarka Krylov ma joojinta gudbay Berezina iyo xoogaystay xeebta, qaado bridgeheads yar. Waa in la ogaadaa in horumarinta Ciidanka Cas, ujeedada ugu weyn ee kaas oo ahaa xoraynta ee Minsk, ka qayb qaatay cutubyo dhuumaalaysiga badan ilaa xad badan. Waxay kaliya ma ahan tilmaamay ugu wanaagsan iyo waddada ugu gaaban ordaya iyada oo kaymaha iyo marshland, laakiin sidoo kale ka caawiyay si ay u dedaan oo xanjaadka u ah kolonyo ciidan oo ay hayaan ilaalinta isgoysyada.

iska hor imaad dilaaga ah

xoraynta ee Minsk (1944) waxaa la socday iska caabin aad u kulul ka kooxda Jarmalka. Waxa looga hortagi hore degdeg ah oo ka tirsan ciidamada 11 hoos amarka Galician ah. Taasi waa sababta ciidamada Soviet degmada Krupki - Holopenichi lagu qasbay inay galaan dagaal Waayo, maalintii oo dhan. Halkan Red joojiyey 5aad Panzer, iyo hadhaagii 95 iyo kala qaybsanaanta 14aad. Ujeedada amarka faashistihii ahaa si looga hortago in horumar degdeg ah oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet in Borisov waa dhibic xoogan oo Jarmalka on webiga Berezina iyo dabooli jidka loo maro caasimada Belarus.

Taa baddalkeeda, 5aad Panzer Army Soviet keentay weerar ay weheliyaan maraynaa in Minsk. Ka dib markii in, waxay River Berezina ka yimid dhanka woqooyi ee Borisov. Waa in la ogaadaa in tallaabada wadajir ah booyadaha hoos amarka Rotmistrov, iyo jidhka ku ool ah Tatsinskiy 2aad weerar loo ogol yahay ciidamada Army 31aad ee hal maalin ka hor ilaa 40 km oo ay Beaver River tagaan oo keliya koonfurta ee tuulada Krupki.

isgoyska of River Berezina ah

Marka la eego kalsoonida ku filan horay Soviet caasimada Belarus, waxa suurto gal ahayd la Heer sare ah ee kalsooni in xorreynta ee Minsk ee 1944, waxay ahayd ku dhowaad qadaray dartiis. June 30 ciidamada ugu weyn ee ciidamada Red gaadhay River Berezina oo gudbeen. 5-Army balaarisay Gornadahanaga noogana oo qoto dheer galay difaaca Jarmal fogaan ah 15 km, iyo 3aad ku rarayaan Corps, shiidaa baabbi'iyeen gadaal cadowga iyo qaatay Pleshchenitsy, sidaas hor istaagay wadada Borisov - Vileyka. Sidaas darteed tallaabooyinka kuwan, Ciidamada Soviet abuuray halis adag ku tahay mid ka mid ah oo xanjaadka iyo gadaal cadowga Borisov isutagga.

Dadaal kasta, 11 Army ilaalada weli si dhakhso qarxay iska caabin ah cadowga, si ay Berezina ka yimid, iyo ugu dambayntii wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay ku qasbi webiga. Waqtigaas, kala qaybsanaanta Soviet bypassed Jarmalka ka soo garabka bidix oo u dhaqaaqay Borisov. Sidaas darteed, in dhinaca koonfur-bari ee magaalada ayaa bilaabay dagaal. Isla mar ahaantaana booyadaha ee Rotmistrov tegey xagga bari weerar of Borisov ah.

feat ee taangiga Soviet

Hawlgalka ayaa, kuwaas oo aan xadka lahayn goolka ahaa xoraynta ee Minsk ka naasiga oo dalbaday in talaabo geesinimo leh ku dhawaad mass on qayb ka mid ah askartii Soviet. Tan iyo markii June 30, Batalyankii taangi Paul Cancer ka kooban afar baabuurta, la amray in ay jebiyaan galay Borisov iyo kharashka oo dhan si uu u qabto on ilaa iyo inta magaalada ma geli ciidamada ugu weyn ee ku rarayaan 3aad Corps. Of hawsha markabka oo dhan sameeyaa T-34 Taliye ah. The taangiyada labaad iyo saddexaad Yunaev iyo Kuznetsov reebtay hore, gaari kale oo dab on buundo badan webi Berezin, oo korkoodana waxaa gubtay Jarmalka isgoyska this. Dhammaan oo ka mid ah Saraakiisha Ciidanka Cas ayaa la dilay.

In ka badan 12 saacadood markabka of xigeenka of Cancer, taas oo ka mid ah Idaacada operator-askari A. Danilov iyo darawalka A. a Petryaev, dhawray dhibtoonaya. Waxaa xusid mudan in xilligii nasashada ka mid ah gawaarida gaashaaman Soviet sababa argagaxa in cadowga ee ciidankii, oo inta badan ka qayb qaatay sii daayo hore ee Borisov. Heroes ahaayeen, ilaa dhawaan, marka inuu iyaga ka dhaqaajiyo Jarmalka diray dhowr qoryaha weerar iyo taangiyada. Crew P. Cancer dhintay dhimasho geesinimada. Later, waxay la siiyay darajo sareeya ciidamada Hero of Midowga Soofiyeeti. Kuwa dadka geesi ah in marxalad weyn oo badan. Waayo, xoraynta ee Minsk iyo magaalooyin kale noloshooda wiilashii ugu fiican ee Fatherland ah siiyey. Waxa ay ahayd talaabo geesinimo dhab ah mass.

horumarinta dheeraad ah

Amarka Jarmalka ahaa awoodaan in ay abaabulaan on habab si Borisov qaar ka mid ah counter-weeraro xoogan, laakiin waxa ay ficil ahaan lahaa wax saamayn ah haba hordhaca ah ee dagaalka ee Air Force Jarmal ah. diyaaradaha cadowga duulaya kooxaha 18 baabuurta, isku dayeen in ay joojiyaan ciidamada Soviet in ay ka gudbaan Berezina ah. Laakiin diyaaradaha weerarka Soviet iyo qarax ka tarjumaya foori awood cadowga iyo isu weeraray ciriiriga mishiino Nazi dhow Borisov.

Sidaas darteed dagaalka on July 1, Army Red gudbay River Berezina iyo magaalada qabsaday. isutagga Borisov ee Wehrmacht ahaa adkaaday. Dhab ahaantii Tani waa talaabo u soo dhawaaneysa xoraynta ee Minsk ka duulay Nazi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, laba maalmood oo u baahan in Ciidamada Soviet in si ay u fuliyaan shaqadan.

Return of caasimada Belarus

Habeenkii, July 3, taliyaha hore amartay in xoraynta ee Minsk Chernyakhovsky 31-Army, 2aad rarayaan Corps iyo qayb Panzer Army hoos amarka Rotmistrov. Salaaddii hore ee subaxnimadii galay dagaal oo ku taal duleedka bari iyo waqooyi ee magaalada, iyo 7.30 Ciidamada Soviet si guul gaadhay xarunta. Laba saacadood ka dib, caasimadda ah ee Belarus, ayaa waxaa ka bariyeelay waxay calooshood Nazi.

1944 - sano ah ee xoreynta Minsk - waxay ahayd si dhab ah guul Army Red. Saddex aan dhammaadka lahayn, dadka degan magaalada oo duqoobay oo ku majaajiloodeen sugayay maalintii Ciidamada Soviet dambeyntii galaan oo iyaga ka harqood Nazi ka xoreeyaan. Oo haddana waxay u adeegi jirtay oo waxay istaageen sharaf in this dagaalka aan qummanaynu!