Zil-134: sooc

ZIL-134 - waa cagaf multi-Ujeedada khibrad leh, abuuray ee 50s ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay in Midowga Soofiyeeti. gaariga ayaa ku kala duwan by joogitaanka tiro ka mid ah hababka cusub waqtiga, sida ganaax multi-link, sicir bararka taayirrada dhexe, iyo kuwa kale. Sida laga soo xigtay heerka horumarka ee farsamadaa waxa ay dhowr sano ee, la filayay horumarinta technology baabuur-dhul qoyska.

Project abaabulka dhowr warshado baabuur ee Midowga Soofiyeeti tan iyo bartamihii 50-, wuxuu bilaabay inuu wax culus horumariyo oo loo dhiso farsamo kala duwan ee waaxda difaaca. Ka mid ah ururada, kuwaas oo u soo jeestay oo SKB Plant Likhachev. Wuxuu madax xafiiska loo yaqaan oo uu injineer design horumarinta Vitaly Grachev.

Tani waxay gaari oo dhan-dhul

In 1955, hoos jihada of Grachev, ZIL xirfadlayaasha ciidamada la aasaasay model tijaabo ah ra'iisul fidmad ka zis-E134. Waxa uu noqday muunad model ah "tiro ka mid ah" oo waxay hantiyeen kartidooda iyo sifooyinka aan caadi ahayn. Lahaanshaha waayo-aragnimo in design ah ee qalabka sida, shaqaalaha xafiiska design bilaabay horumarinta gaariga ZIL-134. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in tani waxay noqon doontaa baabuurka iyo madaafiic celcelis ahaan cagaf ah ATK-6.
baabuur afar dhul, taas oo 8x8 formula wheel, waxaa loogu talagalay isjiidka jiiday iyo mashiinada kale oo kala duwan oo miisaankeedu yahay ilaa 6 tan oo in ka badan dhul xunxunna. Sida gaariga daahan Primer jiido ilaa 7.2 metric miisaanka. By jidka laami - xamuulka iyo rimoorka ilaa 15 metrik. Intaa waxaa dheer, gudahood gaari oo dhan-dhul meel kartaa ilaa 8 dadka, iyo ilaa 4 tan oo xamuul. markaas shuruudahaas kulan baabuurta oo kaliya wasakheeyey.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, injineero ah ay awoodaan si ay u horumariyaan wax u gaar ah. Qorshahaa waxa ka mid ah ZIL-134 farsamo baabuur ay awoodaan in ay hirgeliyaan fikradaha ugu horumarsan iyo horusocod ah, kuwaas oo ka dibna aad codsatay in dhaqanka. Si loo xaqiijiyo in awoodda off-road sare, dariiq dhexaad walba ayaa ku yaalaa meel fog ka mid ah midba midka kale. Sayidka, afar buundooyinka Jaha dura 1450 mm.

The qol iyo qalabka

qol ayaa waxaa si buuxda u qabanqaabiyaa overhang hore. unit awood waxaa Jaha iyada ka danbeeya. Overhangs labada dhinac ay ahaayeen yar. Jir nooca sallaan qalabka-xoog sare diyaar u adkeysan stress daran. Platform waayo, shaqaalaha, in lagu qalabeeyaa kartaa meelaha dedan oo shiraac ah. Haddii loo baahdo, waxan oo dhan ayaa la burburiyey karo.

cimilada la doonayo gudaha qol rakaab ah saddex (taas oo kadis ah, is khilaafeen aragti wanaagsan) foornada hayo xiran nidaamka qaboojinta of unit xoogga. Guddoomiyaha iyo taageerada dhabarka si fudud beddelay laba kursi, taas oo si raaxo leh seexan karo. gaari ZIL saqafka cab leeyahay dillaacaan kormeer.

daboosho

Gaadhiga waa afar cagaf oo ulahooda wareejiya drive iyo nidaamka wheel 8x8 ah. The hore afar giraangirood - ay gacanta ku. Warshadda ahaayeen engine ah ee horumarka oo si gaar ah loogu talagalay gaari oo dhan-dhul ah. Daboosho, engine ku lahaa Zil-134 V12 - engine shidaalka, taas oo markii hore loo dhigay E134 waayo-aragnimo ah. Barakaca ee yaxaas 12-dhululubo ahaa 10.4 litir. awood Engine - 240 hp Guud ahaan, unit xoogga koobnaa laba tijaabo ah lix dhululubo E180 V-qaabeeya. Iyada oo dhammaan tabo cusub in lagu hirgeliyo engine this, waxaa ka shaqeeyay ilaa xad lagu kalsoonaan karin.
Sababo la xiriira ayna soo noqnoqda iyo Guuldarrooyin nidaamka suuroggalaan inta badan tagaa pistons biiyaha isku dhaceen. By failure ee hab waqtiga. Isla mar ahaantaana si joogto ah u arkay failure of unugyada kaabayaal, feer iyo tagaa dhaceen in goomahooda madaxa dhululubo ah. Marka awoodda nameplate of 240 ee ciidamada tirooyinka dhabta ah oo kaliya 200 hp Waxa aan ahaa ku filan si ay u helaan kala jar loo baahan yahay iyo waxqabadka firfircoon.

Tilmaamo gaar ah design

warshad koronto ayaa ku qalabaysan nidaamyo iyo habab cusub - ay si buuxda asalka yihiin. Tani filter culus for hydropushers nadiifiskeeda u wanaagsan. design wuxuu isticmaalaa heleynin tiiro ah, preheater, labadaba ka shaqeeya korontada iyo gaaska. Waxa uu fududeeyey bilowga engine qabow. Sidoo kale, engine la qalabeeyey taageere xajin off. Waxaa si toos ah gacanta ku hayso, laba silencers iyo haanta ballaarinta.

Twin walaalkiis

Dibadda, gaariga waxaa ku dhowaad ku cel-khadadka iyo muuqaalada drive Minsk-wheel gaariga oo dhan-dhul MAZ-535.

Farsamadan loo sameeyay Minsk, shirka iyo xafiiska design 1954. The dhacdooyin wax soo saarka ugu horeysay ayaa soo bixi doonin in 61-m. Mashiinka waxaa la dhigay muddo saddex sano ah, ka dib markii taas oo lagu badalay awood badan model cagaf Minsk 537. rover lahaa formula la mid ah nidaamka drive iyo wheel. Farqiyada u ahaayeen oo kaliya in walxahaas farsamo, iyo ugu yaraan in.

gudbinta automatic

ZIL-134 Control waxa si wayn u fududeeyay joogitaanka gudbinta si toos ah - haa, waa. Gaar ahaan ku habboon ahaa gudbinta si toos ah on waddooyinka. Gudbinta gaari oo dhan-dhul ahaa laba Guntin ah - Converter Xuddunta iyo gudbinta galay saddex marxaladood. PPC - nooca Planetary.

Xuddunta sahayda isku midka ah in ay Drive la fuliyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo labo ka mid ah laba-xawaaraha sanduuqa kala iibsiga. Isla mar ahaantaana waxaa jiray shaqo ka mid ah oo kala duwan isku xirta hore iyo xagga dambe ee sanduuqa.
Farqiga calaamadaha in hal marxalad drives final qalabaysan nooc qufulka farsamo. Later, on set ah gaari ZIL horeba ku koobnayn oo kala warqada. Waqtiyo kala duwan, ay isticmaalaa noocyo kala duwan.

The drive wheel hore loo isticmaalay ugu horumarsan wakhtigaas, goysyada kubada Rtseppa, feature ah taas oo ah in ay yihiin synchronous. Si loo kordhiyo ansixin ee xarumaha wheel 470 mm qalabaysan gearboxes.

qaab-wadidda

hawlgalka siman iyo waxqabadka driving sare on waddooyinka iyo dhul xunxunna in gaariga la siiyaa ah nooca ganaax madax banaan. Injineerada isticmaalo nidaamka torsion-kabaalka iyo absorbers lama filaan ah telescopic. stroke ganaax ahaa 220 mm. Si aad isku shaandheyn labada lammaane hore giraangiraha isticmaalay awood Haydarooliga awood badan.

Biriiga iyo Taayirada

Si aad baabuur culus si ammaan ah u yarayso Dejinaynaa xaaladaha muhiimka ah, injineerada ku yeelatay biriiga gaar ah. Sayidka, mishiinka lagu qalabeeyey ah mashiinada durbaanka xidhay. Sida iyaga loo isticmaalo in la wado ayaa sheegay in nidaamka dareere.

Vehicle, waaxana Taayirada gaarka ah leh oo ay derbiyo khafiif ah. peculiarity ee ay cadaadis hoose aalladda. size taayirrada - 16.00-20.00. Cadaadiska iyaga gudaha fadhin kala duwan ee 0.5 si ay u 1.25 kg / cm2. heerka cadaadiska la hayo iyo si toos ah bedelay hab nidaam dhexe. Waxa uu saameyn wanaagsan ku patency iyo waxqabadka of cagaf ah. gaari xamuul ah ma dhaqaaqi karaan xitaa haddii taayirrada la wareemay ama dhabar.

Gaariga ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey la trossoukladchikom durbaanka xarig culeys lugu koriyo oo si qasab ah loo wareejiyay cable ka. Waxaa la aasaasay intii u dhaxaysay dariiq dhexaad drive saddexaad iyo kan labaad. Tilmaamo Propulsion iyo sifooyinka of gaariga ayaa lagu soo hagaagtay patency ay sabab u tahay maqnaanshaha qaybo ridday iyo digsi hoose siman. Body - buuxda shaabadeeyey, jidaynayey gaari oo dhan-dhul si ay xataa ka gudbaan caqabadaha biyaha.

imtixaanada

In xilliga qaboobaha 1957, ka dibna guga, by ee ku takhasusay ee xafiiska design ee warshadda Likhachev laba gaadhi ayaa la dhisay. Waxay yihiin Maxkamad ay muujiyeen natiijo fiican. Cagaf ATK-6 awoodaha fog kibirka model-soo-saarka off-road ZIL-157 dhirta. On permeability si xoog leh u saameeyay saldhiga wheel gaariga (1450 + 1450 mm). Rover shiidaa dhaliyay daydo crawler. In la eego celceliska xawaaraha gaadiidka, gaariga dhaafto ka ZIL-157 iyo gaadiidka dabagal GAZ-47 iyo AT-C. Marka cagaf si buuxda u raran si fudud ka adkaan kari waayeen oo gaartay in ka badan 40 digrii, boholo width 1.5 m, scarps height of 1 m.

Sababo la mishiinka xero gebi ahaanba xidhay si fudud maray meelihii loo eegin ay si qoto dheer. Gaariga wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay u guurto in biyaha xowliga yar, qiyaas ahaan 2-3 km / h.
Mashiinka jiid karo trailer ah, jiido diyaarad ah oo miisaankeedu yahay ilaa 70 tan.

xogta kale

oo dhererkeedu wuxuu ahaa Vehicle 7160 mm, width - 2700 mm, height - 2650. Wheel SUV miisaanka - 10600 mm. miisaanka gaadhiga Gross ilaa 15 metrik. On-waajib, gaariga oo dhan-dhul markii load a of 4 tons. Wheelbase - 1450 + 1450 + 1450 mm. isticmaalka shidaalka markii baabuur-wadidda on dhul xunxunna aan load - 59 litir oo 100 kiiloomitir. Shiidaalka awoodda taangiga of mishiinka ahaa 500 litir.

gunaanad

Sidaas awgeed, waxaan is tusay waxa uu leeyahay ZIL-134 sooca ah. Sida aad arki karto, tani waa baabuur oo leh taariikh xiiso leh. Live si ay u arkaan waxyaabaha ay ka mid suurto gal ahayn.