Basil 3: shisheeye iyo siyaasadda gudaha oo kooban

The Grand Duke Moskovskiy Vasily III Sharuucda ee 1505-1533 sano. Uu xilligii ay ahayd markii ugu of guulaha sii aabbihiis Ivan III. Prince midoobeen dalalka oo Ruush agagaarka Moscow oo cadaawayaashiinna badan oo dibadda la diriray.

Isbaddel

Vasiliy Ryurikovich waxa uu ku dhashay 1479 in qoyska ee Grand Duke of Moscow John III. Wuxuu ahaa wiilkiisii labaad, oo sidaas daraaddeed ma ay iska carshiga dhimashada uu otsta ka dib. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, walaalkiis ka weyn, John, ayaa ku dhintay da'da murugo leh dhallinyarada ee 32 ka xanuun terminal. Waxa uu horumariyo cagaha cudurka (laga yaabee turqo), taas oo sababtay xanuun laga cabsado. Aabbaha dhakhtar Venice ee caanka ah, kuwaas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma u awoodin in ay ka gudbaan cudurka (ka dib uu toogasho ku guuldareysiga this) qoray. Kii dhaxalka lahaa kuwaas oo ku dhintay tagay wiil Dmitry.

Tani waxay keentay in muran uu saldanadii. Dhinaca mid, Dmitry lahaa xaq u leeyihiin inay xukumaan sida ina dhaxlaya dhintay. Laakiin Duke Grand ahaa wiilashii yar nool. John III rabitaan ugu horeysay soo mari carshiga in uu awow. xitaa wuxuu diyaarin xaflada arooska uu boqortooyo (waxay ahayd xaflad ugu horeeyay ee noociisa ah ee Russia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Dmitry si deg deg ah ka waayay jeestay oo uu awoowe. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in sababta waayo, kanu wuxuu ahaa goob ay naagtii labaad ee John (iyo hooyadii Basil) Sofii Paleolog. Waxay ahayd hooyo ah Byzantium (Constantinople by wakhtigan mar hore dhacday cadaadis ee Turkigu). Xaaska doonayay xoogga lagu wareejiyay wiilkeeda. Sidaas daraaddeed waxay iyo kuwii gobta ahaa iyada daacad bilaabay inuu John dhaadhiciyo inuu maankiisa bedelo. Wax yar ka hor geeridiisa uu isku raacay, Dmitry diiday inuu xaq u leeyahay inuu carshiga oo wuxuu ku amray Basil noqon Duke Grand ah. Awow xabsiga ku jiray, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan halkaas ku dhintay, si kooban badbaaday uu awoowe.

Dagaalka looga soo horjeedo sayidyada dhulgoosadka

Great Prince Basil 3, siyaasadaha gudaha iyo midda dibadda waxa ay ahaayeen in la sii wado falalka aabbihiis, u yimid inuu carshiga ee 1505, dhimashada John III ka dib.

Mid ka mid ah mabaadii'da muhiimka ah ee labada ciqaab ay ahayd fikrad ah ee -Raaxaysta- sixun. In uu yahay, Duke Grand isku dayeen in ay xooga saarto awood ay ku jirtaa gacanta Boqortooyada kaliya. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa dhowr horjeeda.

First of dhan - amiirradii kale oo gaar ah ee guri ammaan Rurik ah. Oo waxaan ka hadleynaa kuwii wakiilka si toos ah guriga Moscow ee. xasillooni ugu danbeysay ee waaweyn ee Russia ayaa bilaabay sabab u ahayd isqabqabsi ah oo ku saabsan awoodda badan adeerada iyo adeerka, kuwaas oo wada ahaayeen wiilashii Dmitry Donskoy.

Vasily wuxuu lahaa afar walaalaha ee yar yar. Yuri ahaa Dmitrov, Dmitry - Uglich, Simon - Kaluga, Andrew - Staritsa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ahaayeen kaliya taliyayaashii magacaaban oo gebi ahaanba ku tiirsan tahay amiir Moscow. Wakhtigan Rurik ma samayn qalad la sameeyey qarnigii XII ah, markii gobolka dumay ay xarun ee Kiev.

Boyar mucaaradka

khatar kale oo ka iman kara in Duke Grand waxay ahaayeen kuwii gobta badan. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, waxay wada ahaayeen wiilashii fog Rurik (sida Shuiskys). Basil 3, siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda iyo gudaha waxaa u jideeyey, fikradda ah baahida loo qabo in si loola dagaallamo oo dhan hanjabaad maamulka, mucaaradka cadaadis at xididkiisu aad.

qaddar a noocan oo kale ah, tusaale ahaan, sugaya Vasiliya Ivanovicha Shuyskogo. Nin sharaf leh waxaa la tuhunsan yahay in waraaqaha la Lithuanian amiirka. Wax yar ka hor in, Basil u suurtagashay in ay ku guuleysato dhowr magaalo oo Ruush qadiimiga ah. Gudoomiyaha mid ka mid ah oo wuxuu bilaabay inuu Shuya. Ka dib markii uu khiyaamo qaran lagu eedeeyay ogaaday amiirka, sayidkaygiiyow ceebeedka waxaa ku egtahay oo xabsi ah, halkaas oo uu ku dhintay 1529. Noocan oo kale ah halganka daarna isaga ka gees ah oo dhan daliilka ka shakiday ahaa laf-dhabar u ah siyaasadda si ay u midoobaan ka dalalkan oo Ruush agagaarka Moscow.

Dhacdo kale oo la mid ah ku dhacay Ivan Beklemishev naaneeso Bersen. Diblomaasi Tani waxay si cad u dhaleeceeyay Duke Grand ee uu siyaasadda, oo ay ku jiraan go'an tahay in ay Greek oo dhan (habkani waxa uu noqday caadi ah ay sabab u tahay hooyada of Prince Sofii Paleolog). Beklemisheva toogasho ah.

muranka kaniisadda

nolosha Church ayaa sidoo kale ahaa mawduuca ah dareenka ee Duke Grand ah. Wuxuu u baahan yahay taageero ah hoggaamiyayaasha diinta, si loo hubiyo in sharcinimada ay qaadasho gaar ah. Tani union of kaniisadda iyo dawladda waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay caadi ah wakhtigaas of Russia (jidka ag fadhida, erayga "Russia" waxay bilaabeen inay in la isticmaalo hoos Ivan III).

Wakhtigan, waxaa jiray muran u dhexeeya Josephites iyo non-leh. Labadan dhaqdhaqaaqa kaniisadda-siyaasadeed (inta badan in Macaabidda Yuhuud) lahaa views soo horjeeda on su'aalo diimeed. Waxay halgan fikirka gudbi karin by taliyaha. Non-hantidooda damcay inuu dib u habeeyn, oo ay ku jiraan la baabiiyo of Biyac landowning, halka Josephites waxay ahaayeen konserfatifku. At xisbiga ee la soo dhaafay soo jeestay Vasily III. siyaasadda gudaha iyo dibadda waafaqsan aragtida Prince Josephites. Sidaas darteed, mucaaradka kaniisadda ayaa la cadaadiyo. Ka mid ah wakiilo ka socda ay ahaayeen wajiyo caan ah sida Maksim Grek iyo Vassian Patrickeyev.

Midaynta dalalka Ruushka

Great Prince Basil 3, siyaasadaha gudaha iyo midda dibadda, kuwaasi oo ay si dhow ula maran, u baxay inuu Moscow si lifaaq haray madax ka madax banaan Ruush.

Pskov Republic xitaa inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada John III noqday wiilkaagiiba ah Deriskeeda Koonfurta. In 1509, magaalada ayaa soo ururshay golaha, taas oo dadka degaanka ka muujiyeen dhirifkaaga kululna ha la xukunka Basil. Waxa uu soo gaaray Novgorod si ay uga hadlaan khilaafka. Sidaas darteed, Rugta qaaday oo aan ku lifaaqan ee fiefdom Pskov Moscow.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, go'aanka noocan oo kale ah wuxuu keeni karaa rabshado ee magaalada xorriyadda-jecel ah. Si looga fogaado "halsano maskaxda", ee dabaqadda ugu awoodda badan iyo sharaf Pskov ayaa u dhaqaaqay caasimada, iyo meeshoodii loo qaaday oo ay soo magacawday Moscow. Habkani wax ku ool ah ayaa la isticmaalay by John markii uu ku biiray Novgorod.

Ryazan Prince Ivan ee 1517 isku dayay inuu soo dhiso isbahaysi la khan Crimean ah. cadhadii Moscow aad ugu cadhooday. Prince la qabtay, iyo Ryazan qayb ka mid ah gobolka midoobay Ruush noqday. Gudaha iyo dibadda Politika Vasiliya 3 si joogto ah iyo si guul leh jiray.

Iskahorimaadka la Lithuania

War dariska ah - waa meel kale oo muhiim ah, kuwaas oo kala duwanaayeen boqornimadii Basil 3. Qoyska iyo siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee Prince aan ku biirin karto colaad ee Muscovy dalalka kale.

Grand Duchy of Lithuania ahayd xarun kale oo Ruush iyo sii waday in ay sheegan booska ugu horeeysa ee gobolka. Waxaa ka Waliyeelata Poland. In hawshii Grand Lithuanian ee Duke lahaa boyars Orthodox Ruush badan oo madaxdii dhulgoosadka.

Ugu weyn ee laf ka mid ah dood u dhaxeeya labada awoodaha bilaabay inuu Smolensk. magaaladan qadiimiga ah ee qarnigii XIV ah, qayb ka mid ah Lithuania noqday. Basil doonayay in ay u soo celi Moscow. Taas darteed, waxaa jiray laba dagaalladii (ee 1507-1508 iyo 1512-1522 GG.) In boqornimadiisa. Sidaas darteed, Smolensk wuxuu ku noqday Russia.

soo horjeeda badan oo Vasily 3. Dibadda iyo siyaasadaha gudaha (miiska - format weyn image muuqaal ah waxa aan sheegay) amiirka, sidii hore u soo sheegnay, waa la sii wado macquul ah oo ka mid ah falalka Ivan 3 waxa uu qaaday si kor loogu qaado danaha Church Orthodox iyo dhexe ee gobolka. soo socda ka wada hadli doonaan waxa ay dhammaan ku shubtay.

War la tataarka Crimean ah

Guusha weheliyay u qiyaasay in laga soo qaatay Vasily 3. Dibadda iyo siyaasadda qoyska (miiska soo koobay si cad u muujinaysaa this) ayaa fure u ah horumarinta iyo kobcinta ee dalka. sabab kale oo walaac ka ahaa tataarka Crimean ah. Waxay qaadeen weerar soo noqnoqda galay Russia iyo waxaa badanaa galay isbahaysi la boqorkii reer Poland. Tan iyo markii this lahaa aan loo dulqaadan Vasily 3. Qoyska iyo siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda (kooban hadalka this lagama yaabo inay ku guuleystaan) in ay gool si wanaagsan u qeexan - si ay dhulka ka duulaan reer kibir ah loo ilaaliyo. Ujeedada this dhaqanka halkii hanti la soo bandhigay. Adeega la marti qaaday tataarka qoysaska sharaf leh, si loo siiyo xaafadaha ka. Friendly Prince ayaa qarka u saarnaa dalalka fog. Waxa uu ku soo dhacaysa, waayo, horumarinta ganacsiga leh awood Yurub. Tixgeli galaan ururka (Turkey) la Pope ee.

dhibaatooyinka Qoyska

Sida kiiska la Boqortooyada kasta, waxa aad u muhiim ahaa qof in ay guursadaan Basil 3. Dibadda iyo siyaasadaha gudaha ahaayeen meelaha muhiimka ah ee waxqabadka, laakiin by joogitaanka bedeli nooca ay ku xiran yihiin masiirka mustaqbalka ee gobolka. guurka ugu horeeyay ee weli waa kii dhaxalka lahaa in Duchy Grand u xoogaysatay aabbihiis by. Si taas loo gaaro, ku yimid Moscow ee 1500 aroosyada ka guud ahaan dalka. Haweenaydii Prince Sulaymaan Saburova qoys boyar yar. Waxa ay ahayd markii ugu horeysay ee taliyaha Ruush weheliso bonds guurka ma aha wakiil ah guri ammaan talada haya, iyo gabar ka wareegyada maamul.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaybta qoyska ahaa lagu guulaysan. Solomonia waxay ahayd madhalays oo aan awoodin inay uuraystaan ilmaha. Sidaa darteed, Vasily III ee 1525 furay iyada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wakiillo ka socda qaar ka mid ah Church ee isaga sakhiray in ay dhaleeceyn, sidii lagu rasmi ah xaq uma laha in falkaas oo kale.

Horeba sanadka soo socda Basil guursaday Elena Glinsky. guurka Tani waxay goor dambe isaga siiyey laba wiil - John iyo George. dhimashada Grand Duke Sr. Ka dib markii lagu dhawaaqey kii dhaxalka lahaa. John markaa ahaa 3 sano, sidaa darteed halkii xeerarka Golaha Regency, taas oo qeyb ka Muran badan ee maxkamadda. Sidoo kale caan yahay aragtida ah in ay dhibaatooyin Boyar goob joog in carruurnimada muuqday kid ku dhacay oo uu qof. Later, mar hore qaan Ivan Xun noqday daalim iyo ka gudbaan loo baahnayn ku qiyaasaan siyaabaha ugu nac weyn.

Grand Prince Dhimashada

Basil ku dhintay 1533. Inta lagu jiro mid ka mid ah safarada uu, isagu xaq buu isu helay buro yar on bowdada bidix. Waxaa carbad oo keentay in dhiigga oo sumooba. In eraybixinta casriga ah, waxaan u qaadan karnaa in ay ahayd kansarka. On uu sakaraadaya, Duke Grand soo qaaday schema ah.