Benzyl Khamriga: Guryaha, Diyaarinta, codsiga

alcohols udgoon - taagayo homologues benzene, ee xagjirka ah, taas oo la eb hydrogen la bedelay hydroxy. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, warshadaha fooxa aad inta badan loo isticmaalaa aalkolada benzyl. formula ee xarunta wakiil ka hadhay xagjirka ah ee khamriga iyo benzene (phenyl) - S6N5SN2ON. alcohols udgoon lagu gartaa isomerism group kooxda silsilad iyo meelaynta xagjirka - OH Silsilad hydrocarbon ah. Alcohol in intooda badan, la siiyey magaca Ciyaalle.

Benzyl khamriga, Jidadkiinna ka dhaco

alcohols udgoon ee gobolka free si weyn loo qaybiyey ee dabiiciga ah. Sida caadiga ah, waxay la ogaado in ay saliidaha lagama maarmaanka ah. Benzyl khamriga waxaa ku dhexsameeysmo jirka ka homologues benzene halogenated, taas oo halogeen waa kooban Silsilad dhinac ah. alcohols kuwani ku kala duwan ka soo phenols kor ku xusan oo dhan, maxaa yeelay, iyagu ma ay kaga hadlay guryaha acidic. Benzyl khamriga waxaa sidoo kale laga helaa alaabta ceeriin dabiiciga ah, taas oo ka kooban esters. Intaas ka dib, sidaas helay ayaa la bixiyay iyadoo alcohols leedahay beduliyum. alcohols leedahay beduliyum ayaa aad ugu dhow in ay alcohols aliphatic: by tallaabada ee alkoxides biraha alkali si ay u sameeyaan; by qayilo, ku xiran tahay qaabka, waxaa la isku beddelaysaa ah aldehydes dhigma ama ketones; Waa ay fududahay in ethers foomka iyo esters.

guryaha jirka ah ee alcohols

The wakiillo ka koowaad ee taxanaha homologous of alcohols acyclic - dareere ah, iyo alcohols sare - adkaha. homologs First (methanol, ethanol, propanol) ay leeyihiin urta ka mid ah khamriga, dhexdhexaad ah (isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol) - saliidaha fusel, sare - ur lahayn. Alcohols leeyihiin a sare dhibic karaya, kaas oo la xidhiidha ururka ee u taagoo habka bonds hydrogen. Inta badan oo ka mid ah iyo guryaha kale physico-kiimikada ee alcohols kala duwan la sii kordhaya miisaanka kelli.

Waxaa waa in ay tixgeliyaan xaqiiqada ah in khamriga guurka ka dareere gobolka gaseous (at karkaraya) dubkiisa oo bond hydrogen ah. spectrum nuugista ultraviolet halkaas jooga band ee gobolka 150-200 nm ah. X-ray iyo diffraction electron suurto gal ah si loo ogaado xagal ka mid ah xigay Fansaarada C-C-N 110 ° 25 '. Sida ee alcohols leedahay beduliyum, ka dibna ay la gartaa sifooyinka la mid ah sida in of alcohols acyclic. xeryahooda Kuwanu waa liidata ama aan L. biyo, wanaagsan - in qase organic. dhibic karaya The si weyn u ka badan yahay Xanrunta u dhigma. band nuugista ee spectra ah ultraviolet iyo infrared la mid ah alcohols aliphatic.

guryaha kiimikada ee alcohols leedahay beduliyum

xeryahooda waxay leeyihiin sifooyinka kiimikada mid ah sida ay alcohols aliphatic. Waxay sameeyaan alkoxides, ethers iyo esters, halogenated on silsilad dhinaca, iyo marka lagu qayilo ka - ketones, aldehydes, iyo acids leedahay beduliyum. Waxaa intaa dheer, alcohols, kuwaas oo muujiyaan arenes guryaha. Tusaale ahaan, waxay fal laga yaabaa in xuduntii benzenovogo - halogenation, nitration, sulfonation, iyo hydrogenation, iwm

Benzyl khamriga - adag, aad u milma in ethanol, si liidata - biyo, dhalaalayaa ee 15,3 ° C, booguhu waxay at 205,8 ° C. Diyaariyey ay hydrolysis cawaaqib xumadoodu waxay of chloride benzyl by ficil benzaldehyde la formaldehyde in joogitaanka hydroxide sodium, ee qaar ka mid ah saliidaha lagama maarmaanka ah iyo balms dabiiciga ah. Waxaa loo adeegsaday sida udgoonka, qufulka ur, dareeraha ah in industry cadarka.

Beta-phenylethyl khamriga - dhalaalayaa adag at 27 ° C iyo boogo at 222 ° C, L in ethanol. Waxaa ka mid ahaa in casaan, dhego yare ee saliidaha lagama maarmaanka ah. Waxaa loo isticmaalo walax leedahay beduliyum, taas oo uu leeyahay ur ah ee soo fuliyaan, sida. Sidoo kale, walax caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo in cadarka iyo cuntada warshadaha.

khamriga Cinnamic - dhalaalayaa adag at 33 ° C, diyaar L. in ethanol. Waxaa jira inta badan ee foomka of ethers ee saliidaha lagama maarmaanka ah, Beeyada udgoon, balsams. walax leedahay beduliyum la ur-biyoodka waxaa loo isticmaalaa in industry cadarka, iyo sida alaabta ceeriin for ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee ugu badan ee walxaha cadar.