Buugga Tolstoy ee. waxbarashada Childhood qoraa hal abuur leh kaco

buugga Tolstoy ayaa lagu yaqaan in ay qof kasta oo aqoon adduunka oo dhan. Leo laga yaabaa inay tahay qoraa Ruush ugu caansan oo fekeraya. Sideeda-shuqulkiisa "Nabadda iyo Colaadda" on mid cabsi mid ka mid ah noociisa ah, dadka kale jecel qoto dheer ee si faahfaahsan. Laakiin taasi xaqiiqdii waa classic ah in ay kasbatay iska leh dunida oo dhan dushiisa shuqullada ugu fiican. Xataa marka buug weyn ee nolosha isaga sayidkiisii la aqoonsan yahay suugaanta Ruush sameeyey. Shuqulkiisa ayaa saamayn horumarinta xaqiiqo sida dhaqdhaqaaq, iyo sidoo kale ka mid ah humanism Yurub.

Childhood iyo Waxbarashada

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy waa wakiil ah qoyska hore ee noblemen. Waxay ka associate ah Petra Velikogo yimid. Leo Tolstoy waxa uu ku dhashay 1828 in estate ee Crown dhex mara khadka hooyada - Yasnaya Polyana. dhimashada waalidka waxbarashada mustaqbalka ee qoraaga iyo walaalihiis ka daba markii hore lahaa fog qaraabo Yergolsky, ka dibna walaashiis aabbihiis, Osten-Sacken. Waa la soo dhaafay ee Kazan dhallinyarada Loew ugu horeysay u maleeyay oo ku saabsan baahida loo qabo in is-aqoonsiga. Dhammaan buugaagta mustaqbalka Tolstoy daruuri fikiri lahaa mawduuca. Markii hore barayay Lva Tolstogo lagu casuumay Jarmal Roselman. Waxa uu ahaa wanaagsan-dabeecad iyo aad u jeclaan of wiilka. In sheekada, taas oo la qoray by markaas Tolstoy ( "Childhood"), ayuu lagu taswiiray macallinkiisa hore ee foomka of Karl Ivanovich. Ka dib markii wiilkii waa ku hawlan waxbarashada Roselmana France Saint-Thomas (Saint Jerome ah "barbaaray"). Sida uu saddex walaalo ah, Tolstoy bartay at the University of Kazan. Sannaddii kowaad oo uu ku dhowaad ma uu samayn sayniska, iyo kaliya on ugu horreeyey wuxuu noqday xiiso shuqullada Montesquieu.

Ku farxaan marka hore suugaanta

In 1847, halka lagu daweeyey cusbitaalka, Leo Tolstoy bilaabay in uu xasuus qor ah. Ma uusan joojin shaqo this ilaa iyo dhamaadka nolosha. In waxa, uu, sida Benjamin Franklin isu diyaariyey hadafka iyo ujeedooyinka is-horumarinta, xusay guulaha iyo Guuldarrooyin, si ay u falanqeeyaan fikirradooda iyo falalka. Waxa uu si University marnaba ku soo laabtay. Xir khasaaro card ee Moscow Leo qasbay in ay ku biiraan adeegga militariga. Ka dib uga gudubto imtixaanka, qoraa mustaqbalka galay arday ah tuulada Starogladovskaya Cossack. From waxaa uu marka hore u baxay inuu golaha tafatirka Joornaalkii "Casriga" uu shaqada marka hore - sheeko taariikh ahaaneed "Childhood". Haddii aan la aqbali, ka dibna ay u badan tahay, buugaag kale oo ka mid ah Tolstoy marna ay iftiinka yimid. Waxa uu ka qayb-galay socdeen badan la Mountaineers ah, ka dibna daafaca ee Sevastopol. In 1965, Tolstoy tagay adeegga militariga. Waxa uu ku qoray "Nabadda iyo Colaadda" iyo "Anna Karenina." Inta badan Tolstoy uu xiiseynayo horumarinta shakhsiyeed, suuragalnimada in ay si kaamil ah moral.

"Nabadda iyo Colaadda"

Work on shaqo ugu caansan qoraaga waxaa ka hormarey shaqada on novel ah "Decembrists The". isaga Si, marar badan ayuu u soo noqday inuu naftiisa oo dhan, laakiin marnaba dhammeeyey. Sida dhammaan buugaagta kale ee Tolstoy ee "Nabadda iyo Colaadda" - sheeko ah oo ku saabsan koritaanka moral ee qofka. Tani waa arrin u gaar ah iyo suugaanta adduunka. Waxaa si weyn loo wakiil ceegaagta oo dhan ee bulshada Ruush, noocyo kala duwan oo characters iyo da'da ku saabsan asalka ah ee dagaalladii Napoleonic ee 1805-1812, siday u kala horreeyaan. "Nabadda iyo Colaadda" - ilmo jecel qoraaga, wax taaj oo uunka oo uu. In shaqada this ee guud ahaanteed ka muuqataa hanad ee Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. trailer koowaad ee sheeko ku multivolume waxaa soo daabacay wargeyska "Ruush Gazette" ee 1865, kaas oo mar ahaa mid aad u diiran helay. In this shaqo oo baaxad weyn oo si cad u muuqataa falsafadda ah Tolstoy: "qalloocinaya taariikhiga Cool - tani ma aha arrin nin gacmaha, iyo natiijada wada shaqaynta."

"Anna Karenina"

Tolstoy mar tilmaamay "Nabadda iyo Colaadda" sida "kitaabkii la soo dhaafay." "Anna Karenina" markii hore uuraysatay sida wax soo saarka ah ee qoraaga ah nolosha casriga ah. Oo ma jiraan dhacdooyinka taariikhiga ah. Laakiin waxa uu muujinayaa nafta dhabta ah aadanaha iyo horumarinta. In sheeko this, waxaa jira kulan no. All gool at meel ka mid ah bilaabay, in uu yahay, on tareenka ee. Xitaa on habka ay u Moscow dib u heshiisiinta la walaalkiis, Anna barto oo ku saabsan Tiri Vronsky. Deriskeeda on Coupe waa hooyadiis. All afar iyaga ka mid ah waxaa laga helaa on boosteejo ah oo ay helaan in ka yar giringirihii safarka ku dhintay ninkii waardiyaha ahaa. Tani "calaamad xun" digniin ku saabsan burburinta dhow ee qoyska. Jacaylka naxdinta lahaa xaas Karenina iyo Vronsky waxa la barbar dhigay nolol farxad qoyska Katie Shtcherbatskaya oo ku dhow inay dadka Konstantina Lovina. novel ahaa ee 1875 ee "Ruush Gazette" waxaa ugu horaysay la daabacay.

shuqullada Tolstoy ayaa si fiican u yaqaan ma aha oo kaliya in dalalka-Soviet post, laakiin sidoo kale adduunka oo dhan. iyaga u akhri jacayl iyo mar kasta oo la yaabay si aad u ogaato wax cusub, mid si faahfaahsan u yar, taas oo isbeddelka diiradda iyo siinayaa macnaha a kala duwan. Sidaa darteed, Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy - hanad ka mid ah suugaanta Ruush kuwaas oo buugaagta ee la xiriira waqtiyada oo dhan.