Cusbada Double: tusaalooyin iyo magacyada

Cusbada kala qaybsan yihiin dhexe, acidic, aasaasiga ah, double iyo isku qasan. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah hubkaas ayaa loo isticmaalaa in nolol maalmeedka, laakiin xitaa more - in industry ee. Fahamka cusbada soocidda waxay fursad si ay u fahmaan waxyaabaha aasaasiga ah ee kiimikada.

Sida loo kala saaro cusbo

Ha noo bilowdo qeexidda ee cusbada. Waxay yihiin kiimiko ah, taas oo ka hadhay acid waa la xidhay oo la eb bir ah. Marka la barbardhigo fasallada kale ee walxaha, cusbada, waayo bond kiimikada Madbacada qaranka ee caadiga ah.

Members of class this u qaybsan yihiin kooxo dhowr ah oo leh sifooyin gaar ah.

milix caadi

cusbada celcelis ahaan in ay ka kooban leeyihiin siifilisku biraha qaarkood oo kaliya iyo intii ka hadhay acidic. Tusaale ahaan, xeryahooda sida lagu xusay kartaa chloride sodium, potassium sulfate. Kooxdan waxaa loo arkaa inay ugu badan ee qolof dhulka ee. Ka mid ah hababka ay habka dhexdhexaadnimada note diyaarinta fuliyay dhexeeya acid iyo saldhigga.

acid cusbada

Kooxdaan xeryahooda ka kooban tahay bir, hydrogen iyo intii ka hadhay ah acid. Foomka xeryahooda la mid ah polybasic acid: phosphoric, sulfuric, carbonic. Tusaale ahaan, cusbo ah acid isagoo si weyn loo nolol maalmeedka, la xusay waxaa laga yaabaa in bicarbonate sodium (bicarb). walxaha noocan oo kale ah ka helay fal-celin oo u dhexeeya acid iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah milix.

cusbada aasaasiga ah

siifilisku biraha ay joogaan kuwaas oo xeryahooda, koox hydroxyl iyo anions of moiety ka acid. Tusaalooyinka cusbo aasaasiga ah waa hydroxychloride calcium.

cusbada isku qasan

Double cusbada waxaa loogu tala galay joogaan labo Biraha oo badali hydrogen in acid. formation of walxaha of sifo Halabuurka la mid ah ee acids polybasic. Tusaale ahaan, carbonate sodium potassium ay joogaan kaliya labo biraha firfircoon. Dual cusbada isku qasan leeyihiin qiimo ah ee warshadaha kiimikada, si ballaaran loo isticmaalo nolol maalmeedka.

cusbo lagu daray Features

cusbada Double of potassium iyo sodium ku jira dabiiciga ah sida sylvinite. Sidoo kale awood u sameynta cusbo a potassium-aluminium isku qasan.

Mixed (double) cusbada yihiin xeryahooda oo ka kooban anions kala duwan ama siifilisku. Tusaale ahaan, bleach ah ee ay ka kooban ayaa hypochlorous anion iyo Aashito.

Oo xiiso gaar ah waa dual cusbo ammonium. Inta badan oo ah walaxda helay waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida lagu bacrimiyo.

Diyaarinta cusbada labanlaabka ah ammonium la sameeyaa by ficil ammonia la acids polybasic. Diammonium dalbaday in soo saaridda ee retardants olol (retardants olol). cusbada Double ku jiraan ma nijaasta loo baahan yahay in dawooyinka iyo cuntada warshadaha.

ammoniytsinkovye muhiimadda Warshadaha, phosphates magnesium. Sababo la milmi ka samri biyo, cusbada sida shaqeeyaan retardants shaqo ee rinjiga iyo bacyaal.

Kuwani double cusbada ku haboon yihiin dahaadhida ah oo dhar iyo qoryo dusha ka difaacato qoyaan. Iron iyo ammonium aluminium phosphates - hab aad u fiican yahay ilaalinta dhismayaasha birta ka hababka dabiiciga ah daxalka.

Tusaalooyinka Cusbada leh double isagoo macnaha farsamo waxay keeni kartaa in birta iyo zinc. Waxay yihiin dhulka taranta koritaanka khamiir in baahida loo qabo in soo saaridda of kulan, waxyaabaha ningax, Miikaa ah.

soo dhaweynta

cusbada ammonium Dual ay diyaar u yihiin markii ay heleen robab kaamerada of acid phosphoric iyo ammonia alkali qaarkood. dimmoniyfosfat xiiso Warshadaha. Waxaa la soo saaray by daaweyn kaamerada of ammonia la phosphoric acid. Waayo, dabcan guul ka ah habka ay u baahan heerkul ah 70 darajo Celsius. farsamada ay ku lug leedahay formation of roobab ah phosphate aluminium iyo birta, kaas oo sidoo kale waa in ay codsiga warshadaha.

Qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka kici magacyada double cusbada ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in ay ku jiraan ka hadhay si acid ama laba siifilisku.

baahida Magniyammoniyfosfat in industry kiimikada, oo sidaas daraaddeed ay hab of abuurka waxay leedahay astaamo u gaar ah. waxaa neutralizing la saarista gaaska ammonia acid phosphoric, kaas oo la qaso phosphate magnesium ah.

xeryahooda adag

Inta u dhaxaysa cusbada adag iyo double, waxaa jira kala duwanaan qaar. Aynu isku day in aad ogaato qaababka ka mid ah cusbada adag. Ay ka kooban ayaa soo jeedinaya in joogitaanka ra'iyi adag, kaas oo la bracketed. Waxa intaa dheer in xeryahooda sida complexing jooga (ra'iyi dhexe). Waxa uu ku hareereysan Qurub, kuwaas oo loo yaqaan ligands. Waayo, cusbada adag waxa lagu gartaa dissociation stepwise. On marxalada koowaad waa formation of ra'iyi adag sida waxbarashada ama anion. Dheeraad ah, waxaa jira dissociation a qayb ka mid ah ra'iyi ah oo adag oo ku saabsan waxbarashada iyo ligands ah.

Features cusbada waydaarsanayeen

Marka la eego in ay jiraan noocyo badan oo kala duwan ee cusbada, ay isku waydaarsanayeen oo xiiso leh. Waayo, cusbada dhexdhexaad magaca ahbaa ku salaysan anion ah (chloride, sulfate, amooniyam), taas oo lagu daray biraha horyaalka Ruushka. Tusaale ahaan, CaCO3 - waa carbonate calcium.

The cusbada waxaa dheer acid lagu gartaa consoles'ka hydro-. Tusaale ahaan, KNSO3- hydrogencarbonate potassium.

Magac-cusbada aasaasiga ah oo ku lug leh la isticmaalayo consoles'ka hydroxo. Sayidka, milix ah ee Al (OH) 2Cl waxaa lagu magacaabaa digidroksohlorid aluminium.

Marka horyaalka Cusbada leh double ka kooban laba siifilisku, marka hore in la siiyo anion horyaalka, ka dibna ku qor labada biraha ku jira dhismaha.

horyaal adag More mid caan ku ah xeryahooda adag. In kimistari jiro qaybta gaar ka hadlaya daraasadda ee cusbada sida.

Haddii aan u falanqeeyaan guryaha jirka ah oo ka mid ah wakiilo ka kala duwan ee cusbada double, waxaa la ogaadaa kartaa in ay ku kala duwan yihiin si weyn in ay awoodda si ay u milmaan in biyaha. Waxaa ka mid ah cusbada double ayaa tusaale u ah walxaha isagoo milmi wanaagsan, tusaale ahaan, chloride sodium, potassium. Ka mid ah ku Tolosnaada xeryahooda L ka mid ah cusbada double ee acids phosphoric iyo silicic.

By kiimikaad double cusbada la mid caadi ah (celcelis) oo awood u leh ficil leh acids, cusbada kale yihiin.

Nitrate iyo ammonium cusbada thermally giirte, la xirrira dhowr waxyaabaha dareen-celin.

In the case of dissociation electrolytic xeryahooda sida laga heli karaa anions hadhay oo siifilisku biraha. Tusaale ahaan, bololka ee udhigo ku potassium aluminium sulfate, in xal lagu ogaan karaa aluminium iyo potassium siifilisku iyo sulphate - udhigo.

Kala of isku dhiska ee cusbada

Marka la eego in macdanta dabiiciga ah waxaa ku jira oo keliya laba bir ah, waxaa loo baahan yahay si ay u kala soocaan. Waxaa ka mid ah habab badan oo ay u kala soocaan isku dar ah ee cusbada loo go'doonsan kartaa crystallization jajab. Habka Tani waxay ku lug xaabo uu hordhac ah oo cusbo ah double, ay kala qeybinta xiga galay xeryahooda kala duwan, ka dibna crystallization. separation duwanaansho noocan oo kale ah ee isku dhiska la xidhiidha astaamaha jirka ka mid ah walxaha ay. Marka gooni isku dar ah ee hababka kiimikada, reagents waa la soo xulay in ay yihiin tayo sare leh, waayo, barta- ama anions qaarkood. Ka dib markii roobab ee qaybo ka mid qaar ka mid ah roobab cusbo double waa lagaa saarayaa.

Haddii loo baahdo, kala nidaam Woodward taas oo ay jirto xaalad adag, iyo emulsion la joogo waxaa lagu fuliyaa by centrifugation.

gunaanad

Double cusbada kala duwan yihiin oo kale nooc oo cusbada joogitaanka formula labada biraha. In foomka saafi ah, xeryahooda sida waxaa dhif ah loo isticmaalo inta badan ay kala hababka jirka ama kiimiko asalka ah, ka dibna lagu isticmaalo goobaha kala duwan ee wax soo saarka warshadaha. The double cusbada loo adeegsado warshadaha kiimikada sida il of hannaanka ah kiimikada doondooneen.