Fyodor Ivanovich Shubin, sculptor: Biography, shaqada

Fedot Ivanovich Shubin - sculptor ah oo ku dhashay May 1740 ee qoyska soo ridayeen a. Aabbihiis, Ivan Arkhangelsk Pomor Afanasyevitch xirtay kaliya magac kale - jaakad maqaarka. Isagu ma uu ahaa Serf ah, wuxuu ahaa laf akhrin iyo sidoo kale-jaray. Waxa ay ahayd iyada casharada iyo aan heysano sculptor caan ah Fedot Shubin. Magaciisa wax yar wax badala ka dib gelitaanka ah Academy of Arts.

Sida ay u dhacday

Fedot Shubin, ina soo ridayeen ah, sculptor, ku dhowaad ay ku soo celiyaan jidka ninka ay isku wadanka weyn University, laakiin aan ka fogaadaan sida fanka iyo cilmiga, bartay ma aha oo kaliya in Russia, laakiin sidoo kale in France iyo Italy, si farsamo addoonsada derderkii marmar ah. Waxaa ka mid ah sculptors-sawirka uu run ahaantii ma wuxuu u dhigmaa. Aabbihiis ma aha oo kaliya ahaa milkiilaha a qiiro - waqti iyo kalluumaysiga, iyo beeraha layaal, laakiin sidoo kale soo shaqeeyay hooyada of luul ah iyo lafta, derderkii wax si dhab ah madadaalo iyo xiiso leh.

Iyo macallinka wuxuu ahaa sida muuqata tayo leh. Waxa uu ahaa kii baray qorista dhallinyarada Lomonosov. Oo xer weyn ma illoobi mentor ugu horeysay. In 1759, jaakad maqaarka Ivan Afanasievich dhintay, iyo wiilkiisa, dhallinyarada, mustaqbalka Fedot Shubin, sculptor oo u dhashay iyo xirfad, u baxay inuu tareenka baabuur kalluunka isla caasimadda, ayaa ku dhow inay isku wadanka Lomonosov. Mudo laba sana ah, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa bartay Petersburg, ma in saboolnimada, tan iyo markii ay si fudud waa la gooyay oo taageere, sanduuqyada buuriga, shanlooyinka iyo Eebey kale - aad u macaaneyd ayaa Xaakimkii. Dhantaashay waxyaabaha ay had iyo jeer diyaar u xooray bixiso.

academy

Lomonosov ku faraxsan yahay inuu yala ina macalinka ugu horeeyay, iyo in 1761 Fedotov galeen Academy of Arts. Liisaska ardayda waxaa laga hoos sameeyey magaca cusub, iyo magaca Fedotov, Fedor iyo sababtoo ah artist ah meekly jawaabay magaca Fedot Shubin. Sculptor it in markii hore arkay tayo leh, iyo wax kasta oo kale ma ahaa mid aad u muhiim ah isaga. Xitaa Tiri Shuvalov ahaa shaqada ugu horeeyay ee nin dhallinyaro ah oo la yaabay oo isaga aad u hammuun patronized. The more in asal ahaan bartay sculptor Ruush Shubin iyo waxyaalaha dibada si deg deg ah. Waxa uu si joogto ah u sharrifnay Binii ammaantaada ma aha oo kaliya ka macallimiinta, laakiin sidoo kale abaalmarinta.

In 1766 wuxuu soo saaray a Bas-gargaar ku saabsan mowduuca, harsan dhow oo dhan si ay u - "dilka Askold iyo Dir," taas oo aan keliya lagu abaalmariyey Gold Grand biladda, laakiin sidoo kale qoraaga helay abtirsan shakhsiga ah iyo sarkaal darajo ugu horeysay - ". Shahaadada seefta ka" Nasiib darro, mar na keenay ma aha oo kaliya in ay dhammaystirmaan sculptor Shubin, dad badan oo xagga shuqullada, uu si gaar ah tacliinta, ayaa laga badiyay. tixraacyo iyo sharaxaada badan oo statuettes qurux badan ku sifayn "Oreshnitsa la nuts", "Valdayka la giraangirta" iyo kuwo kale, laakiin ma aannu arki doonaa qardhaasaha ay.

Paris

Waayo, dhaqanka Meritorious, daacadnimo iyo horumar wanaagsan Fyodor Shubin, sculptor ah, waxaa pooschron safarka ay Paris ee 1767 koox sida dadka hawlgabka ah (oo waxmatarayaal ah) aado France hoos ka mid ah Safiirka Ruushka Golitsyn ah, nin ka mid ah loo iftiimiyey, horumar, lover ah iyo connoisseur of farshaxanka, ka sokow - gargaare. Golitsyn sidoo kale soo bandhigay iyo Fedor Ivanovich Shubin, sculptor ka Russia, iyadoo Diderot caanka ah, kuwaas oo ahaa saaxiib ah, oo uu kula taliyay macalimiinta in Jean-Baptiste Pigalle.

Waxa ay aheyd go'aan caqli leh. Maxaa yeelay, Pigalle si ay u abuuraan ma aha oo kaliya darey mythological iyo doonid Ta'wiil qurux badan, taas oo Shubin iyo sculptor shaqeeya uu maamulkaa, laakiin sidoo kale abuuray a busts sawirka aad u macquul ah. Taasi waxa waayo Shubin ahaa cusub oo ah, iyo ka dib waxay u keeneen fame.

tababarka xirfadaha

Ka shaqeynta studio la Pigalle, Fedot Afanasievich si taxadar leh ay soo guuriyeen oo casri ah farshaxan Faransiis iyo Sidaana oo qaraami ah, iyo noocyo kala duwan oo farshaxan farshaxankiisa Bas-gargaarka by Poussin iyo Raphael, iyo wax badan oo ka mid ah wakhtiga ay qaadatay in ay la shaqeeyaan dabiiciga ah gaar ahaan.

Ku dhawaad kasta fiidkii Fedor Shubin sculptor bilaabay inuu shaqada fasalka-buuxa oo ka mid ah Academy of Fine Arts ee Paris, laakiin waqti ka waqti ka adduunka oo dhan iyo in Library Royal lunsan, iyo in studio of a sculptor caanka Faransiis. Mararka qaarkood wuxuu warqado u qoray oo ku saabsan waayo aragnimadooda, iyo qaar ka mid ah xitaa maanta waxaad ka akhrisan kartaa, yaabban ina Student ridayeen qiiro ee. Aabbihiis, Ivan Shubin, sculptor a, sidoo kale, malaha si qurux hoos u eegay waxa ay ka dhigeysaa wiilkiisa. Markaasaa wiilkii ku sameeyey badan, badan. Oo intii saddex sannadood ah soo maray.

Italy

A tababar saddex-sano ee Paris dhamaaday, laakiin Fedot this si cad u ma ku filan, iyo sidaas darteed wuxuu ka codsaday ogolaansho ka Academy inay sii wadaan waxbarashada uu Rome iyo baxday inay ka hor maamulka. Waxay ahayd waqti ka mid ah curiyay ugu guulaha badan. Fyodor Shubin, sculptor, shuqulladiisa oo yaabiyo xataa saffarro oo uu xirfad iyo sax qof gudbinta sawirka, abuuray 1771, Wehbe of Shuvalov iyo Golitsyn.

Hadda waxay ku jiraan Tretyakov Gallery ah. shaqo kale - isku dhaceen ee Catherine marmar weyn ayaa u soo jeestay in baxay guul inkastoo aan la sameeyey oo dabiici ah. Orlov oo walaalo ah, jecel ee Empress ah, waxa uu isla markiiba amar ku bixiyay in Shubin Wehbe, oo aad si deg deg ah ay si ayaa loo qaybshay. Sculptor xardhay busts ee uu hab low-muhiimka ah, taas oo hore u guulaystay badnaanta macquul ah.

safrida

Marka hal dhibic, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma aha fadhiya Shubin, in 1772 uu bilaabay safar xiiso u breeders caanka Demidovs Italy. In Bologna aan joojiyay oo wuxuu sameeyey qaar ka mid ah shaqo oo sabab u ah da'da weyn ee Europe Academy Shubin dhigay academician sharaf iyo isaga siiyey diblooma.

Summer sculptor kortaan in Europe a mar 1773rd Demidov, waqtigan ee London. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Shubin horeba aad u caajis ah Russia, dhanka bidix muddo dheer ka hor, asxaabta iyo taageerayaasha, oo sidaas daraaddeed isla markiiba ka dib safarka dib u St. Petersburg.

guriga

In 1775 waxay u yimaadeen inay u iftiimiyo mid ka mid ah shuqulladii ugu weyn ee sculptor Shubin. Tani waxay isku dhaceen of Prince Golitsyn, Catherine diblomaasi cajiib ah, kuwii gobta ahaa aqoon, cilmaani ah la safeeyey iyo casri ah, caqli badan. Oo maanta waxaan ka fiirsan kartaa shaqada this ee ku malaastaan at Museum Ruush Gobolka, iyo marmar ah - in Tretyakov Gallery ah. Shubin Sidee weyn siiyey muuqaalka yara daalan ninkii da 'ah oo leh dareen is dajiyaan of Fadilmo ka badan kuwa kale, labada dhegeysiga iyo tiiraanyo leh!

laalaabka Diyaaradaha dhar iyo u muuqdaan in ay u dhaqaaqo, rogista cajaladda si firfircoon oo ka mid ah garbaha iyo diblomaasi madaxa. Tani gaar ahaan waa cad in marmar ah. Stone haddii neefsashada waa sii out of qalab sayidkii. Falcone qudhiisa in uu ku faraxsan shaqada. Sannad ka hor, bishii September 1774 ugu horreeyey, ay Academy of Arts ayaa lagu qasbay inay ku xadgudbaan ay charter u gaar ah. Cinwaanka academician ahaa marna la siiyaa artist ah, haddii uusan shaqada loo qabtay load taariikhiga ah ama mythological. In Shubin uu isku dhaceen sida sawirka of Catherine Great wakhtigaas waxaa jiray hana ku sifayn kale midna. Laakiin horyaalka ee academician uu helay.

todobaatanaadkii

Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen sano badan dhala. Waxaa la abuuray Wehbe badan, la Shubin si dhakhso ah soo shaqeeyay: bil ah - isku dhaceen a. sculptor ayaa noqotay mid aad u dhex bulshada sare ee dadweynaha caan ah, si la mid ah - uu jecel yahay ka mid ah Empress ah. From macaamiisha halkaas joogay sii daayo lahayn. dhawrid sculptor ahaa mid gaar ah, iyo aragti - qoto dheer khiyaali yahay - kaydkiisu. Wuxuu ahaa mar kasta oo si aad u hesho qaar ka mid ah xal cusub awoodi - ma ka sifooyinka dibadda, laakiin on content gudaha, nooca model ah. Shubin sculptor marna soo noqnoqda shuqulladiisa.

Dhamaan bulshada sare ee St. Petersburg sanadihii kuwa laga arki karaa Wehbe ah. Halkan marwada maxkamadda Maria Panina. Waa maxay nimcada, waxa xarrago! Iyo waxa iskibrin, waxa hargab! Badanaa of Command! Halkan Marshal - Taliyaha caanka Rumyantsev. Ma yara galeen, inkastoo dharkii Rome-drapeable. Oo waxaynu aragnaa sida xoog leh, sida qofka this weyn. Oo sawirka ee madaxa dhammaan saynisyahano ah VG Orlova sarbeeb sculptor dhufatay barta. Isagu waa bilaa naxariis ah, Shubin ah. No xaq Orlov madax ka Academy of Sciences, ayuu yidhi. Iyada oo qofka noocan oo kale ah! Ma aha xitaa oggayn ee nacasnimo, waa gebi ahaanba doqon iyo hadal kibirlow ah ee wajiga.

Badan oo ku saabsan shaqada

isku dhaceen Tani gaysteen WAA saarka Barishnikova hodan. siladda ku ogaan karaan iyo in aan la ogaan, ayuu malayn karaa by eegno ganacsade ah thrifty iyo khaa'inka. Horeba in kuwan sanadaha hore, muddo dheer ka hor Wanderers ah, waxaan ka hadli karnaa yabban bulshada ee artist ee. sawirka A of the Secretary of State Zavadsky, in la barbardhigo, ayaa muujinaya dareen ee dabiiciga ah jacaylka oo dhan, iyo xataa ekeeyey la niyadda this - si degdeg ah, firfircoon. Oo xiiso gaar ah waa "sawirka of Man a", taas oo, sida ay u muuqato, fikirrada ugu qarsoon iyo rabitaanka artist ah qariib ah u furay. Halabuurka The waa xawaal, Qaabaynta jilicsan - oo dhan qoto dheer in nidaamyada fikirka kulan.

A aad u badan, waxaana dhihi karaa - shaqo badan ayaa la sameeyey Shubin ee badhtamaha todobaatanaadkii-. Ekaterina Velikaya isagii ku amartay taxane ah oo Bas-reliefs, tirada konton iyo siddeed, dhexroor ah oo ku saabsan toddobaatan sentimitir. Wehbe marmar ah ayaa loogu tala galay hoolka Round jooga daarta Chesma, laakiin haatan waxaa lagu arki karaa in fuulo maqsinka hubka. Waxay muujinayaan amiirradii iyo qof Russia boqor ku ahaa - wax kasta oo ka Rurik in Elizabeth.

tiris ah

Haddaba sculptor la aaminay in ay shaqo badan ayaa weli ka weyn oo mar kasta oo dhib badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, uu xaliyay sameeyaa. The gargaarka iyo Sidaana of Palace marmar ah, Gorod ee farshaxan marmar General Golitsyn for Nevsky Alexander ka keniisad iyo Trinity Cathedral, laakiin mid ka mid ah Pandora kaliya ka Cascade weyn ee Peterhof mudan tahay wax! Laakiin busts sawirka ma uu tago. In la iibiyo Kuskovo, Sheremetyev, waxaad ka arki kartaa shaqada fiican ee Shubin, kuwaas oo lagu sawiray milkiilaha madaxtooyada.

Waa sida ugu fiican sida sawirka of General Michelson, iyo billadda la profile ah ee Catherine Great iyo iyada isku dhaceen sculptural (wax kasta waxa lagu kaydiyaa Museum Ruush ah). Marka laga reebo taagan taallo ee Empress "trendsetter" ee shuqulka Shubin, halkaas oo ay ka muujinayaa sida soo qoraya. Dadka iyo bulshada sare ahaayeen on shaqo ee ugu faraxsan yahay, laakiin Empress ma muujiyaan dareen-celin wax - ajuurada lahayn, ma sculptor dhiirrigelinta ma helin. Oo ka xiiso in la joogo in abuurka Shubin noqday nin aad u baaba'aa.

dhamaadka waddada

Shan iyo lixdan sannadood uu ku noolaa dunida cajiib sculptor Shubin. Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah waxaa ka mid ah sida sharaxaad ku saabsan hab hal abuur leh, aad buu u badnaa in shaqada naftiisa. Halkan Bologna Shubin - Professor Walls, iyo St. Petersburg - ma jiro haba yaraatee. Iyo in ka dhigan tahay oo keliya hal shay: sugi waayo, ninna ma aysan bixin karin lacag si aad aad marka laga reebo. Oo amarka la noqday ka yar oo ku nool in ka badan in. Rinjiile iyo sculptor marnaba noqon kartaa saboolka ah, sida gabayaaga iyo muusikalayda, ka dibna waxay ma awoodi doonaan in la abuuro. burush rinji aad u qaali ah, canvases. Oo sida marmar ah! Haa iyo nuurad ku ...

Shubin duceeyaa iyadoo la kaashanayo of Prince Potemkin u Academy of Arts oo ah meesha of professor fasalka farshaxan ah. Laba warqado weli lagama jawaabin. Markaas sculptor si toos ah hagaajiyaa Empress ah. Laba sano ka dib, jawaab la helay iyo booska uu ka professor aad. Laakiin aan bixin! A qoyska weyn U Shubina, waa ku jira. Shaqo uusan joojin, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in la tusay waxay ku bilaabaan inay ku diidi.

sagaashankii

Shuqullada sano kuwaas oo ka sii cod karnimo ah oo ku saabsan tayo sculptor ee. Waxa uu marna embellish nooca shuqulladiisa, oo hadda images macquul abuuray gaar ahaan si cad u tilmaamay in uu shaqada. Tani waa sawirka of Admiral Chichagova - sida suharom duugowday muuqataa askari ah! sybarite dhaceen Tani Potemkin - muujinaysaa in wanaagsan-dabeecad, laakiin is qaadqaad, isla madax weynaadeen, ku dhowaad iskibrin. Tani waa pedant ah, madaxa Academy of Arts Betskoi waa duqa Chulkov ... sawirka ee aad iyo aad u badan waxaa waqtigan.

shaqada Recent

Aad bandhiga sawirka ee Lomonosov, oo Shubin xasuusta abuuray 1792. In u ma jiraan wax garaam hal of officialdom, faanka ay dejiyeen, waa mid fudud oo dimuqraadi ah labada qaab iyo halabuurka ee, iyo sidoo kale in sawirka ee caqli! Si kastaba ha ahaatee, masterpiece ah oo run ah sannadahan sameeyey sawirka ma cajiib ah wadanka iyo isku dhaceen gooyo mar kale. Tani waa Paul I - kibirsan, qabow, naxariis lahayn, waqti isku mid ah xanuun iyo rafaad. Shubin ka argagaxay xataa aragti, laakiin Paul shaqadan aad u badan. Laakiin kaliya oo kaliya. By 1797 xaaladda Shubin noqday mid aad u culus. Waxa uu ka codsaday academy iyo Paul, ka dibna, sannad ka dib, dib akadeemiga. Waxaan weydiiyay qayb ilaa xad ah, guri dayaca la shumacyo iyo Shidaalka, maxaa yeelay, waxaa jiray wax ay ku noolaadaan. Jawaabta dhacday aamusnaan mar kale.

In 1801, guriga sculptor gubay iyo wada-isweydaarsiga la shuqullada - dhameysatay ama ma. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma foori of qaddar ma ka dhigi kartaa isbedel qudhiisu artist this. Mid ka mid ah shuqulladii ugu dambeeyey - isku dhaceen of Alexander the Great. Nin qurxoon, laakiin qurux oo dhan mar qabow, la taag daran mar kale. Shaqadan waxaa lagu kaydiyaa Museum Regional Voronezh ah. Markaasaa boqorkii dalka sculptor dhaceen this siinay giraanta la diamond ah. Markaas Academy kiciyey - guriga, iyo shumaca siiyey. In 1803 hore u ahaa. Si dhakhso ah, oo amar ah Emperor Shubin iyo professor mushaar ahaan loo qoondeeyey. Laakiin goor dambe. In May 1805 waxa aan ahaa sculptor cajiib ah. Uu dhintay ka naxay markii aan ninna ma faraxsan. Hadda waxaa loogu talagalay dhammaan oo naga mid ah, waayo, qaddar naxdinta lahaa ninka iyo waxyeello iyo xishoon.