Tiri Shuvalov Potr Ivanovich: Biography, dhaxla

Nin jeclaysi, qabyaalad - in ka caawiyay in ay qabtaan maxkamadda Imperial ee Russia kuwa suurtagashay in ay hesho meel u dhow maamulka. Nin noocan oo kale ah mar ayuu naftiisa u wareejin qaraabada. Sidaas qabiil Shuvalov saaray carshiga ee hore 50-mada ay qoyska qarnigii XVIII ka Razumovsky.

Camera-page Ivan Shuvalov (1727-1797)

Ivan waxa uu ku dhashay galay qoys sabool ah laandheere ee Moscow. Cinwaanka "Tiri" Shuvalov Ivan Ivanovich marna soo xirtay - xilliga ay dhalayso ama ka dib, markii uu ahaa Nin sharaf leh oo dhan-awooda badan. Waxa uu helay waxbarasho wanaagsan guriga, ogaa afar luqadood, akhri badan, uu xiiseynayo farshaxanka iyo koray nin dhallinyaro u qurux badan iyo suubban.

Adeer joogay barxaddii Elizabeth, in 14 sano ka qaaday ignoramus in Petersburg iyo waxa lagu qeexay in-camera bogagga. Da'daan, wuxuu ahaa koritaanka yar oo uu waqtigiisa ku qaatay lacag la'aan ah oo dhan akhriska buugaagta, iyo qoob ka ciyaarka, iyo gabdhaha yar yar oo aan isha ku. Laakiin afar sano ka dib uu u fidiyey hoos laba mitir dheer oo noqday nin dhallinyaro ah oo qurxoon. Ugu arooska of walaashiis la Prince Golitsinym Ivana ogaaday Elizabeth Empress ah. In 1749, wuxuu u guuriyey horyaalkoodii ugu horeeyay. Ivan Shuvalov ahaa mudane ka mid ah la seexdo, in uu yahay wiil geed-. Iyo walaalihiis ka dhigay in uu keligiis ahaa afartan Empress.

sirkaal Chief

Soon Ivan heshay horyaalka cusub - sare sirkaal. Inta badan maxkamadda hiwaayad cusub Empress muuqatay jajuubi muddo kooban ah. Laakiin xariif ah, qurux badan, oo aan hunguri lacag iyo kuwa iskibriya Ivan ayaa wali ah nimco, Elizabeth hor iyada dhimasho ee 1761.

Uu tayada qofka, gaar ahaan la'aanta ah ee rabitaan inay lacag-qaadasho, isla wakhtigaasba waxaa aad u dhif ah. Waxa ay ahayd la yaab leh oo dhan, oo ay ku jiraan Empress oo la tuhunsan yahay, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo wax kasta oo iyada ka gaaraan darajo, dhulka, yaroow iyo lacag. Gabowga Empress Elizabeth Nafna ma chayala in kan uu doortay, oo uu, in kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in la jir, iyada qof dareemi xumaatay, loola dhaqmo iyada oo leh jacayl la mid ah.

Activity Ivan Shuvalov

Uma maleynayo in meel sax ah waqtiga saxda ah, ka dibna kaliya Ivan nolol iyo farxad Empress ah, jir ah oo ku filan in ay hooyadiis ku riyaaqay. Young oo qurxoon, fashionably iyo expensively gashan, la dhaqan fiican, wuxuu qabtay oo kaxeeyey nolol ma ahan oo keliya dandy. Shuvalov muujisay jacaylka aan caadi ahayn, fananka: in ay tahay, suugaanta, tiyaatarka.

Sidaas daraaddeed, talo jiray inuu Abuuro wax Academy of Arts, in 1755 uu ka Moscow ku noqday FS Rokotoff oo wuxuu isaga siiyey fursad in uu guriga si ay u bilaabaan tababarka ilaa uu furay Academy ah. Oo 1761 wuxuu arkay dab damiye a jooga daarta sculptor mustaqbalka Shubin. Ivan taageeray hal mar iyo Abuuraha reer masraxa ugu horeysay ee Russian Volkov F. iyo A. Sumarokov - ee Abwaan Abwaan.

Wada jir ah ula Mikhail Lomonosov, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa mashruuca iyo furay University Moscow ee maalin magaca hooyadiis - Maalinta Tatiana ee 1755. Mashruucan, wuxuu hayo muddo dheer.

Shuvalov gaaray macalimiinta iyo ardayda, iyo buugaagta uu aasaas u dhigay maktabadda jaamacadda oo sameeyey muuqaalka guriga daabacaadda jaamacadda, kaas oo qora oo keliya ma aha suugaanta scientific ah, laakiin sidoo kale ah "Moscow News".

Academy of Arts - Farac oo dhan. Waxa uu dibadda u soo ururay macalimiinta, Boogaadin ardayda hibada leh, bandhigay a collection ah farshaxankiisa of Academy uu. Uu mashaariicda siyaasadeed, weli si liidata fahamsan yahay, kordhinta la soo jeediyay in tirada xildhibaanada iyo horumar ah ee hawlahooda, habaynayo ee xafiisyada iyo ciidanka, wuxuu rumeysan yahay in baahida loo qabo in mudnaanta siiyaan ajnabiga Ruush iyo ma.

Qaar badan oo ka Shuvalov la soo jeediyay ka hor ay waqti iyo waxaa soo bixitaankii nolosha oo keliya ka yar Catherine II iyo Paul I. In 1757 Tirada Vorontsov gudbisay amar qabyo ah oo ku saabsan taas oo I. I. Shuvalovu ayaa loo xil saaray horyaalka ee count, Senator, iyo toban kun oo serfs. Cinwaanka Ivan diiday. Later horyaalka sharaf of "Tiri" Ivan Shuvalov ma ay aqbalin, oo ka Catherine I. Ma uusan dooneyn title this.

Palace ee Tirinta Shuvalov

Inkastoo Ivan ma xidhnayn horyaalka ee tirinta codadka, laakiin qasriga ahaa dhismaha si dhab ah u wayn, degan quarter oo dhan. Waxa uu ahaa oo weli waa (in kastoo dhisi) on wadada Talyaani dhow Palace ee Xagaaga ee sokoeye iyo weli ay.

madaxtooyada ayaa lagu dhisay shan sano oo style ee baroque ku Elizabethan. Waxaa loogu talagalay by dhise S. Chevakinsky. Inside madaxtooyada raagayaan decoration taariikhiga ah ee u ololeeya la columns hooseeyo caasimadaha. Gudaha oo dhan, oo gurigii waxaa si deeqsinimo ah qurxiyey qotontay. Laakiin tani inta badan waa habayn ka dib.

Si aad u taariikhda, waxaa jira Museum of Nadaafadda, iyo dhismaha ka soo hadha waxaa ilaalinaya gobolka, sababtoo ah waa hidaha taariikhda iyo dhaqanka.

Dhimashada Elizabeth

dhimashada ee uu sokoeye iyo weli dib markii Ivan noolaa shan iyo soddon sannadood. Ma uusan ka waaban, ayuu wuxuu dhaariyey ee 1762, Empress cusub, laakiin maxkamadda ka baxeen. Ma aha in ay ahayd wax ceeb ah, laakiin weli booskiisa ayaa waxaa bedelay.

Lieutenant-General Shuvalov dal kale tegey. Waxa uu ka fadilay by barxaddii Marie Antoinette, ayay galeen goobada cidhiidhi ah oo ay hab iyo wax-u lilac League. Waxaa la go'aamiyey siyaasadda ee France, iyo, Ivan, nin ka mid ah la safeeyey, marka laga reebo, waxbarasho, ajnabiga maskax furan oo waa inuusan marna ahaa.

Marka ay tani la ogaaday Catherine II, ayay kaliya naxay. Haddaba, innagoo og in dibadda waa carshigii xarrimay Sirkaalkii Ruush, amar in Europe isagoo, Empress wuxuu isaga siiyey qaar ka mid ah shaqooyinka diblomaasiyadeed. Wuxuu iyaga ku leh aragba oo helay darajo xildhibaanka ku jira.

In 1776, Shuvalov in Russia ku soo laabtay. Waxa uu siiyay hawlgabka toban kun rubles, ka dibna wuxuu u dallacsiiyey madaxdii sirkaal. Tani, kadis ah, waxay ahayd darajadana ku xiga ee dayrka - labaad oo kaliya in ay Empress ah. Laakiin guud ahaan, Shuvalov - Nin sharaf leh barwaaqo ah, minion ee maal, waxa ay hadda keentay gaarka ah. Waxa uu dib u habeeyay in gurigiisa iyo salon a suugaanta marti qadada Gabayaana Derzhavin iyo I. Dmitriev, iyo philologist Admiral Alexander Shishkov, turjumaan ee Homer E. Kostrova. Wuxuu ogaa sida in ay helaan nolol, waxay la keeno Raalli ahaanshaha asxaabta.

Shuvalov naftiisa oo dhan, oo uu ku noolaa 70 sano, oo ay la socdaan ma xaasidnimo, oo ammaantii caaqil, nooca, qof daacad ah. Ma aha sababtoo ah waxaa ku jirtay nolol ka mid ah ilma adeer ah ay.

Petr Ivanovich Shuvalov (1711-1762)

Pyotr ka gobolka Sidukiinta Kostroma yimid. Aabbihiis, taliyaha ee Vyborg, ina ahaa awoodaan in ay ku soo lifaaq bog maxkamadda ee Petra Velikogo. Marka gooyo dhintay, wuxuu ka qayb qaatay dabaaldega ee Catherine I. Inta lagu jiro adeeg page a, wuxuu bartay oo dhan shuruudaha maxkamadda waxaana uu awood, in this mahad, xirfadiisa maxkamadda dheeraad ah.

Marka gabadh Velikogo Petra iyo ninkeeda tagay Kiel, wada iyaga oo leh si aad u adeegeen oo camera-page PA Shuvalov. Waxaa uu helay waayo-aragnimo ah nolol cusub.

Ka dib markii dhalmada in wiilkeeda, mustaqbalka Emperor Peter III, Anna Petrovna dhintay iyo P. Shuvalov in Russia ku soo laabtay, galbinayay markabka la jirka ah ee amiirad taajkii ee 1728. Inta lagu guda jiro sano kuwaas oo uu kula kulmay Egorovnoy Mavroy ku Shevelevoy, taas oo markaas guursaday. Waxay ahayd saaxiib dhow ee Princess Elizabeth Petrovna iyo ka dib aad buu u caawiyey mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ee Sirkaalkii hami.

carshiga dhow

Ka dib markii ka soo laabtay dibadda Shuvalov si daacad ah u adeegeen camera-arday Princess Elizabeth.

Petro ka qeyb qaatay firfircoon afgambi ee 1741, kor u Elizaveta Petrovna carshiga ku xidhan, iyo mahadnaq uu helay darajo maxkamadda sare ee sirkaal. Waxaa si degdeg ah u korayo iyo xirfadiisa military. First, ayuu - oo kaliya ilaalada Sarreeye iyo guud waaweyn, laakiin sanadka soo socda noqday Sarreeye ah, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan ee adjutant-guud.

Dhererka ee mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed kaliya dheereeya, sida Elizaveta Petrovna ma illoobo raaxaysata dhexdooda ku xigeenka caaqil kuwaas oo ka caawiyey iyada carshiga hesho. Petro helo Order ee St. Anne iyo isgaarsiinta. Aleksandra Nevskogo oo uu noqdo Senator a. Oo 1746, ka hor oo naga mid ah ay u muuqato mid horey u Tiri Shuvalov. Waqtigaa uu hore u guursaday in a "qarsoon", sida ay sheegay, Gabadhii sharaf Mavre Egorovne Shepelevoy, taas oo, sida walaalkiis ka weyn, Alexander, kuwaas oo ahaa toban sannadood ee maxkamadda, ka caawiyay isaga si deg deg ah kor sallaan mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ka.

Way kor

Marka hore, oo dhan ee falalkiisa in Ciidamada Jabhadda. Waxa uu, ay la socdaan uu Batalyankii ka qaybgalay dabaaldega ee Empress ee Moscow. Markaasaa Batalyankii qabata at maraan, laakiin Tirada ku Shuvalov si deg deg ah isaga addoonsada maxkamadda oo aan ka yarayn si deg deg ah uu helo darajadana ku xiga - Field Marshal. Wuxuu odhan karaa, qablamaya laamo ah ee dhaqaalaha iyo nolosha siyaasadeed ee labadii taaj, iyo sidoo kale boqortooyadiisa ka.

Bixisaa Tiri P. Shuvalov

Horeba 1745 Tirada Shuvalov ayaa sameeyay mashruuc ku saabsan ururinta canshuurta doorashada iyo la dagaalanka ururtay. Empress arkay isaga in nin soo noolayn karo ammaanta hore ee gobolka. Waxay maqlaa si taxadar leh si uu u soo jeediyay in bedel lagu canshuuraha tooska ah aan toos ahayn, si ay canshuur lacagta ciidankii reer ururinta cusbo ee Roomaanka qadaadiicda copper (oo pounds oo ah naxaas ah ayaa qabtay in kala bar, ka dibna afar jeer lacag badan, taas oo ku keenaa faa'iido dheeraad ah in khasnadda quduuska ah). Laakiin Empress dheer xambaarsan dabayl cirwareen ah oo ka mid ah madadaalada, si awood waxaa si tartiib ah ku urursan gacmaha hunguri iyo lacag-gaajaysan Peter Ivanovich.

In 1753, ee uu soo jeedin, ku kastamka gudaha ayaa buriyey, iyo in 1755 markii qaynuun cusub Customs ka qaybgalka firfircoon la aqbalay.

Isbedelada ciidanka

Horeba 1751, markii P. Shuvalov noqday guud-in-madax, waxa uu ahaa amarkii dhow lala doodin ee horyaalka. Wuxuu muujinaysaa qiiro cajiib ah, dhaqaajinta iyo riixaya shaqaalaha, iyaga tababar, hubaynta Division iyo hawlan iyada ka dhisan. Tani waxay ka iman doonaan haan dambe, markay doonaan dagaalka toddoba sano ah Prussia ee 1756

Ciidamada oo dhan Tiri Shuvalov siiyey madaafiic tababarka iyo Asluubta reserve ah, taas oo ka koobnayd soddon kun oo qof. Xaaladdan oo kale waa la yaqaan isaga, oo wuxuu si guul leh u dhameystiray qodobada ka mid ah qoryaha cusub, qoryaha cusub iyo dharka.

Oo wakhtigaas, waxaa loo magacaabay General-feldtseyhmeysterom, taas oo macnaheedu yahay amarkii madaafiic iyo Asluubta injineernimada. Tiri Shuvalov Ciidamo Gunners hawlaha tababarka iyo soo gudbiyaan si aqalka Guurtida mashruuc si ay u abuuraan howitzer cusub.

Aan u socday galay faahfaahinta farsamada, waa in la ogaadaa in kastoo oo waxay qaateen, laakiin waxa uu ku guul daraystay. Laakiin ka dib markii qalab loogu magac daray "gisi" waxay ahayd guul gaadhka ah. howitzer Arsenal Tani waxay abuurtay M. Danilov iyo Sergei Martynov, oo taas waxaa loo isticmaalaa si ay u taageeraan dagaalka lugta ee ku dhow boqol sano ka dib markii ay been abuurtay. Magaca waxa uu la xidhiidhaa jecel yihiin inay ku faanid ah Tiirka on kuwaas oo astaanta waxaa ka muujinayaa this xayawaanka fantastic.

jubbadda hubka ee Tirinta Peter Shuvalov

Shaxanka of a gisiyeed oo saddex ka mid ah jubbadda hubka ee Tirinta Shuvalov. Marka hore, waxaa wakiil on guddiga, iyo marka labaad, wuxuu haystaa gaashaan iyo, markii saddexaadna qaar, dhinaca bidix ee koofiyada la coronet count ee. A saddex bam-gacmeed lagu Waaniyo goysiga ah oo carshiga reer binu Elizabeth. Waxaa la mid ah ayaa la sheegay iyo qorniinkan.

On hoos u dhaca Elizabeth aan

Tiri Shuvalov markii Elizabeth noqday madaxa xorriyeysey ee dowladda Ruush. All in soo jeedisay count waxaa looga hadlay Senate ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, unselfishness, in la barbardhigo abti, waa kala duwan yahay. Inta badan uu shaqada isaga faa'iideystey iyo dhaawici khasnaddii.

Gaar ah, oo wuxuu lahaa oo xaq u leeyihiin inay iska iibiso kaynta, baruurta iyo ooyinta. Kalluumaysiga kalluun iyo shaabadihiisa Badda White iyo Badda Caspian sidoo kale ahaa uu monoboli. Tiri Shuvalov qaybqaatay tubaakada iibsaday off, oo wuxuu lahaa oo shuqullada wanaagsan ee birta. A xaaskaaga, isagoo State-marwada Elizabeth ayaa la sheegay inuu bixiyey goobayaasha saf ah iyo abaalmarinta lacag ah.

dhimashada Elizabeth Ka dib, in kasta oo ay habdhaqanka wanaagsan Peter III, Earl bilaabay si aad u hesho buka oo ku dhintay 1762. Uu sifooyin qof fiican iyo xoog ahaayeen awood u leeyahay inuu abaabulo wax oo keeni walba ilaa ugu dambaysta. Sidaas daraaddeed isagu wuxuu nolosha ku noolaa in ay awood badan, Tirinta ku hami Shuvalov. Uu Biography muujinaysaa in uu ahaa nin aan caadi aheyn, laakiin saffarro jecel fingered, garaafka is kibriya oo fabulously hodan ayaa weli aan la isticmaalin.

Tirada kii dhaxalka lahaa Pyotr

Mid ka mid ah u qaadan lahaa in Tirada ayaa ka tagay nasiib badan uu dhintay ka dib. Sababtoo ah lacagta si fudud u dareeray in uu webiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma ahayn sidaas. Earl ahaa qof aad u Xadgudbayaasha. Uu - ina Andrei Petrovich - tago deymaha oo kaliya in qadarka 92 kun rubles. Laakiin in Zaman ee Catherine Andrei Petrovich ma lumaan, oo waxay noqdeen Senator a, xildhibaanka ku jira, taliyaha oo ka mid ah Bank iyo qoraa. Waxa uu sii waday guri ammaan ee dacwadood ee Shuvalov, oo hore ku noolaa qarnigii XIX ah.

walaalkiis ka weyn Shuvalov

Alexander (1710-1771) si wadajir ah ula walaalkiisa ka yar baa yimid barxaddii Peter aniga iyo sidoo kale in uu mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ka bilaabay sida page a. Laakiin kaalinta sida barxadda Princess Elizabeth, waxa uu ahaa mas'uul ka ah dhaqaalaha yard iyada. Oo waagaas waxay ahayd meel sare.

Ka dib markii Inqilaab ah, taas oo ah laba walaalo ah ka qeyb qaatay firfircoon, Alexander galay koritaanka. Si aad u bilowdo in 1742, waxa khafiif ah kaliya taabto arimaha Chancellery Secret ah, laakiin janjeero Empress uu ahaa ma laga tagay.

Waxaa abaal Aleksandra Amarka Nevskogo, ka dibna soo saaro Sarreeye-guud ah, wax yar ka dib - in adjutants guud. Oo tan iyo 1746, ay na hor waa hore u Tiri Shuvalov Aleksandr Ivanovich, bedelida jagooyinka madaxa bukooday Chancellery Secret iyo madaxa ay markaas jiray cimrigiisii oo dhan.

Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Elizabeth aniga iyo Peter III ee 1762 in laga cabsado oo Nacayeen. Laakiin wuu u doorteen in ay arrimaha ganacsiga, taas oo ka caawin kara abuuro xaalad ka qabtaan. Elizaveta Petrovna marna ha ilaawin kaaliyaha aaminka ah oo isaga la siiyay ee 1753 abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee Empire Ruush ah - Order of St .. Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Later Shuvalov oo noqday Senator ah iyo sirkaalka wax qora guud ahaan beerta. Ka dib boqornimadii Catherine, uu u soo diray inuu estate uu u dhow Moscow. By habka, saddex walaalo ah, waxa uu ahaa qofka ugu uninteresting baad u odhan kartaa, Biyuhu.

domesticity

Graf Aleksandr Ivanovich ahaa mid ay isqabeen Ekaterina Ivanovna Kastyurinoy. Hunguri weyn iyo bakhayli ahaa qoyskan, shalayno xitaa lacag on dhar lehid xaaladdooda. gabadhii Catherine waxa uu ku dhashay ay guurka, kaas oo guur baa la siin si Tiri G. I. Golovkina.

Marka Alexander waxa aan noqday a-marwada State. Waxaa jira warar in gurigeeda Moscow waxa uu ku dhashay A. S. Pushkin. Iyadu waa xiiso tiyaatarka, iyo qalcaddayda noqday laf ka mid ah qoobka of Ballet Bolshoi ah. wiilasheedii waxay ahaayeen sidii madhalays, oo gabadhii aan la guursaday. Sidaas this laan Shuvalov farcankaaga lahaa.

On tusaale ahaan ka mid ah beelaha Shuvalov qiyaasi kartaa sida kala duwan oo waxay ahaayeen dad isku mid ah oo haystay xididdada isku.