Imperial Ruush Army - ciidanka halyeeyga. Saraakiisha Ruush iyo regiments Ciidanka Imperial ee

Goobaha of our dalka, oo ay Xoolo ayaa had iyo jeer soo jiitay ugu guulaysannaa badan kuwaas oo doonay inay u tirtiri soo baxay Russia dowlad ahaan. Tan iyo bilowgii jiritaanka degsiimooyinka qadiimiga ah khatarta maalin jooga ee duulaanka on our dhulka waa si joogto ah la joogo. Laakiin dalka Ruushka ayaa daafacyada, taariikhda ciidamada qalabka sida ee dalka bilaabmaa geesiyaal Tacaddi iyo princely. Imperial Ruush ciidanka, Army Cas oo ka mid ah USSR, taageero military Ruush ah oo casri ah iyo xoojinta ammaanta hubka qaranka.

story

Formation of ciidamada qalabka sida joogtada ah ee Russia bilaabmaa hoos Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, waxay noqdeen ku saleysan oo ka mid ah unugyada ee hadda jira iyo Royal ah oo ka mid ah maleeshiyaadka magaalooyinka. Waayo, muunad qaaday ciidammadii reer galbeedka awoodaha shisheeye. "New Army" waxaa la aasaasay oo ku saleysan qasabka ah, nolosha adeeg ahaa nolol. 18 amarada ahaayeen gacan ku qorista, tababarka, bixinta ciidamada dalka. Aan joogto ahayn (iskaa wax u qabso) xidhiidhada faras kuma jiraan in tirada rasmiga ah, ay ka kooban Cossacks, Caucasians, Siberians iyo dadyowga of Central Asia. Geedi socodka ah ee dib u habaynta ciidamada dhamaadka qarnigii XVII bilaabay Peter I. Laga soo bilaabo this Ruush Imperial Army raad ay taariikhda. Ka dib markii caasinimo ee 1698 a regiments Royal ayaa kala diray, tirada amarada la dhimay ilaa saddex, lagu qabtay abaabulka degdeg ah. Sida laga soo xigtay natiijooyinkii ay, ciidanka Ruush ahaa 25 lugta iyo 2 dragoons (awr) guutada, si weyn u bedelay qaab-dhismeedka wasaaradaha iyo maamulka. Waxaa la abuuray "Military Code", taas oo ku lug leh tababarka askarta cusub, u adeegay sidii nooc ka mid ah xiriir isbeddelid iyo Semenov.

Qaab-dhismeedka

Peter aan fiiro badan la siiyo horyaalka cad ee ciidamada lugta, madaafiic, iyo awr iyo ciidamada badda. Qaab dhismeedka ku soo dejin doono oo dhan lagu daydo hub si heer hal, si aad u dalbato sahayda iyada oo loo marayo abuuridda of manufactories heshiishyada dawladda. Imperial Ruush Army kordhay sababo la raxan ah, abuuray markii hore ay injineerada shisheeye. By 1722, ciidamada tiriyey 200 kun oo askar iyo saraakiil, Navy la qalabeeyey 500 Maraakiibta (dhibtoonaya iyo shiraac). All hub lagu jaangooyay caadada Yurub, aasaasay madaafiic faras, furay dugsiyada marka hore si ay u tababaraan shaqaalaha militariga. Created by Peter ah "Table of Darajooyin" la wadaago oo dhan cayn kasta oo ciidamada dhulka fasax, in raxan unit oo kala duwan. Marka marxaladdan xaadirka ah, qaybtan waxaa loo isticmaalaa foomka maaisaaniyadda, iyada oo la raacayo shuruudaha maanta. dibuhabaynta dheeraad ah oo ciidanka ay fuliyeen ah hoggaamiye milatari A. weyn V. Suvorovym dhamaadka qarnigii XVIII ka, isbeddel wayn ee qaab-dhismeedka iyo maamulka la xidhiidha magaca Alexander Emperor ee II.

Qaab-dhismeedka

In ka badan 75% ka mid ah ciidamada qalabka sida ee regiments lugta la sameeyey oo ku saleysan qoranayaan (cimri waxaa laga soo dhimay nolosha ilaa 25 sano), oo ku saabsan 20 -25% - iyo awr ah. dadyowga Transcaucasia of Siberia, Central Asia, ayaa dhaafi adeeg ciidan khasab, laakiin bixisay khasnadda canshuurta gobolka. Inta badan gobollada kuwan soo socda tusaale ahaan ka mid ah Cossacks ka abuuray regiments iskaa wax u qabso farda in aan lagu daro tirakoobka rasmiga ah, laakiinse wuxuu soo qabtay qayb firfircoon ka hawlgallada mileteri. Saraakiisha of Ruush Imperial Army ku lahaa asal ahaan laandheere khasab ah in 1762, markii la ansixiyay uu "Bayaanka of Liberty." Under Peter Waxaan, ugu ciidamada ka madaxda sare ee ajaanibta barbaro, oo intaasu waxay ahayd sabab la'aanta ah ee shaqaalaha u tababaran ee degaanka. Later ay qarka u adeega ayaa aad loo yareeyay iyadoo la raacayo shuruudaha horumartay by Peter waxaan isaga qudhiisa.

kooxda ka dhisan

Peter waxaan ciidamada formation ajnebi ah ayaa ku qalabaysan waafaqsan jira in Europe at in dhaqanka waqtiga gacmaha iyo foomka model ah Prussian. Sidaa daraadeed waxaa la qalabeeyay ciidanka of Prussia, Great Britain, Russia iyo Austria. gacamo dhaqanka, koofiyadaha Anfiled, xirto la tidcin adag shirka soonkii ciidamada iyo xawaaraha jawaab u khatar ah in dagaal. Isbeddelka ugu horeysay ee qaab labis bilaabay Ingiriiska, kuwaas oo soo food leh jawi kala duwan ee hawlgallada milatariga ee dhulka ka mid ah deegaanada mustaqbalka. Foomka Ruush Imperial Army waxaa la beddelo si weyn qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XVIII ah. Dharka sii wax ku ool ah oo fudud. Waayo, hadda jira waqti tiro badan oo noocyada qaababka military 86 sawiirrada Waxaa la soo saaray. Imperial Ruush Army soo xirtay dharka, abuurista lahaa dhalista toos ah madaxweynaha Collegium Military garaafka GA Potemkin. In kasta oo xog ah ee foomka waxaa la buux waxyaabaha madaxtooyada: lapels ku tolo dhar midab leh, dhar sameyn sharraxnaan jirtay, karbaashyo qaab adag, cap ah ee koofiyad loogu talogalay maraan, laakiin xaaladaha Duugga iyo dagaal maalin kasta ku haboonayn. dibuhabaynta dharka saameeyeen ma dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee ciidamada, regiments qaar ka mid ah Ilaalada soo xirtay dharka ee tusaalaha ah Prussian in bilowgii qarnigii XIX ah. In mustaqbalka, qaabka la soo hagaagtay marar badan, laakiin mabda'a aasaasiga ah ee dib u habaynta ahaa raaxo xiran in nabadda iyo wakhtiga dagaalka.

garbihiisa

Halyeeyada ayaa helay ma aha oo kaliya taariikhda unugyo badan oo ciidan, laakiin sidoo kale xubno ka mid ah kooxda ka dhisan. garbihiisa ku dhacaa this category, inkastoo ay codsiga waa wax fudud oo leh ujeeddo cad la taaban karo. Yunifoom markii ugu horeysay element this waxaa loo isticmaalaa wakhtiga Peter I. suunka garabka ku lifaaqan tollayn gacmo iyo leedahay clip-on a biiyaha. Its shaqada ugu weyn waa Buur bacda, taas oo qabaneysa waxyaalaha lagama maarmaanka ah si ay askari iyo rasaas. Artillerymen, saraakiil iyo dacay waqtiga kama uusan duugoobin garbihiisa, ma ahayd lagama maarmaan. Alexander I, ee geedi socodka of dib u habaynta ciidanka, isku day ah waxaa loo sameeyey in la isticmaalo suumanka sida calaamad soocayaa u dhexeeya saraakiisha iyo darajo iyo file. Muddadan, ay u noqdaan ma aha oo kaliya calaamad of kala soocin, laakiin sidoo kale element madaxtooyada qaab kaas oo la galeen oo daabac leh oo hodan ah iyo jare. Epaulettes Ruush Imperial Army qarnigii XIX yihiin sumadda aqoonsiga. By ay midabka, monogram codsatay aqoonsan karaa noocyada kala duwan ee ciidamada, ay guutada iyo darajo askari kasta. abaabulka Mass inta lagu jiro dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka adag geedi socodka, sii kordhaya tirada unugyada, siday u kala horreeyaan, kordheen tirada lambarada iyo waraaqaha on garbihiisa, taas oo inta badan keenta in jahwareer. Haraadiga Army Imperial ee, diriray ka dib 1917 iyadoo kooxda Whites, qaaday qaab ah garbihiisa muunad optional ayaa loo isticmaalaa sida qurxinta uniform iyo dhif waafaqaan nidaamka aqbalay in Empire Ruush ah.

cutub military

Waqtiga Peter ku regiments Imperial Ciidamada Ruushka u dhashay magaca uu taliyaha. marka laga reebo kowaad wuxuu ahaa xeryahooda Semenov iyo Preobrazhensky in ay yihiin tuulada loo yaqaan sameeyaan tuulada. Ciidamada ciidan Later yeedhay sharaf ah magaalooyinka Ruush, iyadoo aan Ciidankii la aasaasay oo xitaa ma ku salaysan tuulada, oo magiciisa la dhalo. Qayb ka mid ah unugyada ee lagu magacaabay "maqaayad", sida, ay ahaayeen, sida caadiga ah, xubno ka mid ah qoyska reer boqor. armaajo oo noocan oo kale ah ay leeyihiin sifooyinka kala dharka, dharka ay qurxiyey kala duwan marks gaar ah. nidaamka la fududeeyay ee tilmaamood cutubyo ciidamada la soo bandhigay in muddada Alexander dibuhabaynta ciidanka Imperial. magacyadooda u dhigmaan meesha of formation of lambar taxan. In mustaqbalka, abaalmarinta iyo koobab helay hawlgalka guul qayb ka mid ah magaca guutada noqday.

xoog

Bilowga ee qarnigii XX ciidanka Imperial Ruush waa weyn ee Europe. Shaqaalaha Guud waa hay'adda madaxa maamulka. Qasabka ah waxaa la buriyey 1874tii, waxaa lagu badalay qasabka ah nidaamka vsesoslovnoy ah. At calls on adeeg kasta oo lab ah 21 sano jir ah, waqtiyada adeegga Army waxay ahayd 6 sano ee Navy ah - 7. Ka dib markii ay dhameysteen askari oo tababar khasab ah u tageen inay reserve ee muddada u dhaxaysa 9 ilaa 3 sano. In the case of abaabulka guud ee kaydka u noqonaysa tii ugu horreysay qoreen ciidanka. Sida boqolkiiba dadweynaha ee ciidamada dalka Ruushka abaabulo laga yaabaa SOFHURA 2.5%. In la eego buuxda, tani ka dhigan tahay in oo ku saabsan 3 milyan oo askar iyo saraakiil. Iyadoo horumarinta farshaxanka ciidanka Imperial buuxsameen diyaaradaha, taangiga, gaari iyo tareenka ciidamada.

ammaanta hubka Ruushka

guulihii militari iyo fashilaad ku weheliyay Taliyaha kasta. Marka tan la eego, ciidamada dalka Ruushka Imperial - magacyada ciidanka halyeeyga Suvorov, Kutuzov MI, Ushakova FF, PS Nakhimov, Davydov DV Waxay yihiin isku leh geesinimo iyo geesinimada. Guud Great magiciisa ee taariikhda dunida oo warkiisiina hubka Ruushka ay ka tageen. Ka dib markii diridooda ku of Army Imperial ee 1918, taariikhda abuurista, jiritaanka, guul iyo guul darro ay uga micneeyey foom gaabiyey. Laakiin waxa ku jira waayo-aragnimo aad u qaali ah ee qarniyada badan, waa in aad xisaabta ku saraakiisha ciidamada oo casri ah oo madax ahaa.