Lens oo dhererkiisu focal sida mid ka mid ah sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan fotooptiki

dhererkiisu focal of siku - masaafada u dhexeysa dhibic danbe maamulaha of gashto oo diiradda dambe ee nidaamka indhaha.

Sida laga arki karo, qeexidda tacliimeed, ka barta of view of ninka caadiga ah, xoogaa wareersan. Sidaa darteed, sawir hiwaayadda ma aha sida muhiim ah in la ogaado qeexidda of this, dabcan, sifooyinka muhiimka ah sida muraayadda dhererka focal, wax badan in la qiyaaso waxa habkaani waxaa saameeya. Oo waxay saamaysaa hab / saarida ee mawduuca ku viewfinder / shaashadda / sawirka, iyo sidoo kale mustaqbalka.

Waxaa jira lenses dherer focal variable ( "Zuma") iyo lenses leh go'an dhererka focal ( "la rajeenayo"). Xaaladdan oo kale, "Zuma" share on lenses zoom iyo lenses varifocal. lenses Zoom waxaa sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo in kamaradaha la lenses laysku beddelid karo, sidoo kale "psevdozerkalkah" (kamaradaha, diiradda mabda'a ay la mid tahay bar a caadiga ah saabuun, laakiin dawladda, oo runtii u ekayd in ay isu barbar SLR ah). Nidaamku wuxuu indhaha ee lenses oo kale waa in uu u suuragelinayaa in ay diiradda saaraan kala duwan ee zoom oo dhan, ayaa sheegay saaruhu ee qalabka. gashto Zoom ee sida feature a nice kuma hantaan darro iyo u ogolaan qaataha in lagu soo qabto oo kaliya go'an gaarka ah ee dhererka focal. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, way ka sii haysta, ka fudud iyo ka jaban tahay lenses zoom. Laakiin inta badan dadka isticmaala ee "daaqadaha" sida ma aha xataa ka war xayiraad sida. Ku dhawaad oo dhan "saabuunta weelka" ee kala duwan oo qiimo hoose iyo kuwa dhexe ku qalabeysan yahay lenses zoom.

Lens oo dhererkiisu focal, sida caadiga ah, sidoo kale goob joog in ay magaceeda (waayo, gashto laysku beddelid karo) ama bukovkami tsiferkami yar oo si fudud u codsatay in ay (caadiga ah ee "Saabuun"). Xaalada danbe, waxaa aad muhiim u ahayn in la xayiran, maxaa yeelay, saarayaasha qaar ka mid ah ayaa tilmaamaya kaliya oo dhererkiisuna wuxuu wax ku ool ah focal of siku, qaar ka mid ah - dhab ah oo keliya, iyo qaar ka mid ah - ka dibna, iyo in ka badan. Ka dib markii muuqaalka kore ee kamaradaha digital in sawir nolol maalmeedka galay wax caynkaas ah sida "factor dalagga". Tani ratio oo ka mid ah tirada toosan ee maxalka furta oo camera ah in dhinacyada toosan ee heer uzkoplenochnogo Click here (36 mm x 24 mm). All matrices waa Consumer Digicam "kropnutyh", ie tirada ay yihiin wax badan ka yar ku soo koobin film toosan kor ku xusan. Sidaa darteed, si loo ogaado waxa loogu yeero oo dhererkiisuna wuxuu wax ku ool ah focal (sida, haddii aad qaadato uzkoplenochnoy caadiga ah "saabuun box") waa in la gashto oo dhererkiisu dhabta focal by furta factor dalagga bateen. Mararka qaarkood, doorashadan waxaa kaloo loo yaqaan oo dhererkiisu focal of dhiganta 35-millimeter ah. size tsifromylnitsy ee maxalka furta oo waxaa laga heli karaa warqadaha ku Timid camera ama shabakada Internetka ee soo saaraha ee. Saas ma aha, size ka eegi doonaa oo aan caadi ahayn sida si a - 1 / 2.5 "factor dalagga miiska go'aan dheeraad ah, web waxaa laga heli karaa for the qaabab furta ugu badan ..

Mugga dhererka focal (badanaa dhab ah, oo aan wax ku ool ah) lenses kala qaybsan yihiin qaybaha soo socda:

• bikaacada (ka yar 20 mm). Sida caadiga ah, u adeega si ay u qabsadaan dusha views, naqshadaha,
• ballaaran-xagal (24-35 mm). Ay qaddar - toogtay gudaha, gaar ahaan yar, Bbc, Wehbe group,
• caadiga ah (35-70 mm). xagal ee view of qof u dhiganta dherer focal of 50 mm. Sidaa darteed, this category ee gashto waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa toogashada maalin kasta. Photos qaaday at kuwaas oo dhererka focal, fiirin dabiiciga ah;
• muddo dheer diirada (70-135 mm). Sidaasay u leeyahay dherer focal of lenses ugu Dhaqale, iyo sidoo kale loogu yeero "portretnik" (lenses loogu talagalay toogashada sawirka) ;
• Telefoto (in ka badan 135 mm). Halkan wax walba waa cad yahay - ku xiran waxaa ka fog sawir. gashto Tani waxay noqon doontaa maarmaan markii rasaas dhacdooyinka ciyaaraha iyo riwaayada. Ama, waxaad ku tidhaahdaa, ugaarsi photo xayawaanka duurjoogta ah.

Dabcan, tani lenses qeybinta dhererka focal ugu weyn waa mid aad u shuruud, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in doorashada ee optics for camera ah, xataa sawir qaade ah hiwaayadda waa ku haay maanka in uu qorshaynayo in uu sameeyo arrintan "muraayad".