Mikhail Bogdanovich Barclay de Tolly: Biography kooban, taariikhaha muhiimka ah iyo dhacdooyinka uu noolaa

Ilaa hadda, waxaa jira doodista oo ku saabsan meesha saxda ah iyo waqtiga dhalashada Mihaila Barklaya de Tolly. Tan waxa u sabab la'aanta ah ee ilaha, saamaynaya muddada ugu horeysay ee nolosha hogaamiye military u fiican.

asal ahaan

Sida laga soo xigtay Biography rasmiga ah, taas oo u muuqata in buugaagta iyo buugaagta tixraaca ugu, Mikhail Bogdanovich ku dhashay December 16, 1761. Oo waxay noqotay in Pamushise dubaan, Lithuanian yar. Goobtani waxa iska lahaa Duchy of Courland, taas oo ahayd podvassalnym ee la xiriirta Dhexe. In -1795, gobolka this of Lithuania, wada jir ah ula xaafadda qayb ka mid ah Russia noqday, sida ay xijaab saddexaad ee Poland.

Laakiin muddo dheer ka hor in, aabbihiis qaaday ilmaha si kor loogu qaado qoys ee St. Petersburg. Barclay de Tolly, dhalashada, taas oo loo turjumi karaa siyaabo kala duwan, lahaa oo xididdada Norman-German. awowayaashiis dhaqaaqay Riga ka Germany. Awoowe Michael ahaa xataa duqa magaalada this. Aabbihiis u adeegay in Taliyaha mustaqbalka ee ciidamada dalka Ruushka, oo ka fariistay la darajo ah Sarreeye oo helay xaaladda abtirsan. qoyska ee magaca wiilka uu ahaa on qaab Jarmal - Michael Andersen.

Bilowgii mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed military

Barclay de Tolly, dhalasho ee wixii aan isaga reebay oo ku nool caasimada Ruushka, helay waxbarasho heer sare oo gartay dhowr luqadood Yurub. Tan iyo yaraantiisii wuxuu noqday xiiso aragti military. Tani ma aha la yaab leh, sababtoo ah ilmuhu soo bixiyey gurigii adeerkiis - Colonel Novotroitsk cuirassier guutada.

In 1776, guutada qaaday Pskov Carabinier in tirada ardayda cusub. In ay ku dhex jiray yar iyo Barclay de Tolly. Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah waxa uu sheegayaa in horumarinta nin dhallinyaro ee xirfadiisa ayaa si degdeg ah u gudubtay. In kiiska Finland Jaeger kabtanka badalaan hodannimo la noqday adjutant guud Viktora Amadeya Anhalt-Bernburgskogo. Waxay ahayd qaraabo fog ee Catherine Empress II.

In 1787 yimid dagaalka soo socda la Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda, oo waxaa ka soo qeyb Barclay de Tolly. Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee isaga ayaa ka mid ah macluumaadka ku saabsan weerar Ochakov ah, halkaas oo ah sarkaal ka helay dagaal dhab ah ka sii qallafsanaaday. Waayo, qaybgalka waxaa M. B. Barklay de Tolly uu abaal biladood oo ay ugu horeysay.

In 1789, Major ka qeyb qaatay dagaalo kulul kula Turkigu. Isla mar ahaantaana ku Prince of Anhalt-Bernubrgskogo ay weheliyaan uu caawiye lagu wareejiyay ciidanka reer Finland. Waxa illaa iyo hadda la diriray Sweden (dagaalka ee 1788-1790.). In mid ka mid ah weerarada ku Victor Amadeus waxaa soo boodo ku dhaawacmeen, raaceen by M. B. Barklay de Tolly uu wareejiyay magaalada.

Markaas, in 1791, sarkaalka guursaday ina adeerkiis Helen. In qoyskooda lahaa dhowr carruur ah, laakiin ina ka mid ah oo keliya ma ay dhiman in yaraantaadii (Ernst).

Adeegga hoos Alexander I

Barclay de Tolly, Biography gaaban oo sheegayaa isgoysyada badan, sii waday in ay si daacad ah ugu adeegaan ciidamada dalka Ruushka. In 90-sano ee qarnigii 18aad, wuxuu ka qayb qaatay xakamaynta of kacdoonkii Polish hogaaminayo Kosciuszko. Dhamaadka boqornimadii Bawlosna waan, oo wuxuu noqday Major General a.

Wakhtigan bilaabay Wars Napoleonic ah. Dhallinyarada ahaa Emperor Alexander I qaaday kitaab kale oo isbahaysi anti-Faransiis. Ololaha 1805 helay Mikhail Bogdanovich Army Gen. Leonty Bennigsen. formation Tani ma wakhtiga soo badbaadiyay oo ka mid ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee Austerlitz Kutuzov. Sidaa darteed, Mikhail Barclay de Tolly in Russia noqdeen, oo aan arkayn guuldaradii burburiyo oo ciidanka huwanta.

failure The kama ay jebin doonaya Alexander in laga adkaado Napoleon. Just sannad ka dib waxay bilaabeen dagaalkii ee Isbahaysiga Afraad, markii Prussia weeraray France, laakiin ugu danbeyn ku dhacay Berlin. Qaybta Ruush soo baxaa waxay tageen Jarmalka.

Bishii Febraayo 1807, Barclay de Tolly ka qeyb qaatay Battle of Eylau. Waxa uu, ay la socdaan Bagration hogaaminayo madaxa waardiyayaasha gadaal ciidanka Ruush, halkaas oo saameyn dhibic Asluubta ee Soult iyo Murat. Mikhail Bogdanovich lagu dhaawacay lugta midig, ka dibna u baxay si loogu daweeyo ee Memel.

Halkan bishii April ee sanadkii la mid ah, oo uu kula kulmay Alexander I, kuwaas oo wakhtiga la isku dayay si aad u jilciso guuldaradii diblomaasiyadeed ee Napoleon. Sarkaalka ugu horreeyey waxaa la soo jeediyay by gooyo si ay u isticmaalaan siyaasadda dhulka lagu gubay. Marka Col waa ka go'een rears u gaar ah qodobada iyo khayraadka. Xaaladdan oo kale, cadowga u lahaa in ay ku shaqeeyaan on dhulka ee kaabayaasha dhaceen iyo wax garad ahayn. Sida ka leexatay mustaqbalka, waa xeelad this siiyey natiijada in dagaalkii ka Patriotic ee 1812.

Dagaalka Finnish

Sida laga soo xigtay Treaty of Tilsit, Russia iyo France qaybsan Europe galay meelaha ay saameyn. Tani waxay ogol yahay Alexander in ciidanka inuu Finland u soo diri si ay u doortaan Sweden. Barclay de Tolly, Biography gaaban oo ka mid ah ololayaal badan oo hore u soo diray Kupio ah. Jidhkiisa magaalada qaaday oo meel muhiim ah oo lagu qabtay in kasta oo ay dhowr weerar oo ka mid ah cadowga.

Ka dib markii in, sarkaalka la jirka WASSC uu ahaa on barafka oo ka mid ah Strait of quarks oo qaaday isdifaaci Swedish Umea. Tani waxaa xaqiijiyay guusha kama dambaysta ah ee Russia.

Sababtoo ah halka ay guusha, Barclay de Tolly ahaa kii ugu horeeyay Gudoomiyaha Guud ee Finland, iyo ka dib markii wasiirka dagaalka. Uu soo sara kaco degdeg ah oo aan jeclaan lahaa in ka masayrin, kuwaas oo arkay kaliya upstart horjeeda. Gaar ahaan in Michael lahaa xididdada Jarmal in ma uu raalli tagaan mustaqbalka.

War of 1812

Marka Napoleon duulay Russia ee 1812, Mikhail Bogdanovich amray Army koowaad ee Western. Oo wuxuu lahaa inuu noqda, si ay u sameeyaan cadowga dalka, halkaas oo uu lagu wiiqay lahaa oo ka dhulkooda hooyo gooyay. In Smolensk, ayuu Ciyaalle la ciidankii reer Bagration, kuwaas oo ugu dhaqsaha badan waxay bilaabeen inay ku ashtakeeyaan Barclay de Tolly ku guuldareystay inuu u horseedi ciidanka.

Sidaas darteed, taliska guud ayaa Mihailu Kutuzovu. The Battle of sarkaal Borodino hogaaminayo ciidamada garabka midig. Marka qaddar ee caasimadda, Barclay de Tolly ka mid ah kuwa loogu codeeyay inuu ka tago Moscow ahaa.

Marka waxaa jiray dhibaato, iyo ciidankii Ruush tegey counter-attack, taliyaha helay fasaxa, oo ay ku jiraan sabab ah in Palace Winter ah, qaar badan oo ka mid ah asxaabta uu dulmiyo dhaleeceeyay "Jarmal".

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay

Ka dib markii World War Barclay de Tolly ka qeyb qaatay ololaha shisheeye. Waxaa uu ahaa in dagaalo badan, oo ay ku jiraan ee "Battle of Nations" u dhow Leipzig. Waayo, guul iyo adeegga aamin wuxuu noqday Tiri iyo Field Marshal.

In 1818, geesiga sheekada codsaday inuu ka tago biyaha macdanta Jarmal ay bogsiiyaan. Laakiin ma waxaan lahaa waqti si aad u hesho goolka, iyo ku dhintay jidka loo East Prussia, 14 (26) ee May. Field Marshal waxaa lagu aasay sharaf ka buuxa, oo dambaska interred ee guryaha qoyska ee dalka Mareykanka bari ah. Taalladaas ugu horeeyay ee Barclay de Tolly muuqatay sida ugu horreysa ee 1823. Kharashka uu carmal la qotomiyey Gorod ah, kaas oo la bililiqeystay inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka.