Taariikhda Mogilev in photos

Belarus ku taalaa bari ee magaalada Mogilev, oo bartamihii qarnigii labaatanaad, ayaa sheegay in horyaalka ee caasimadda ah ee sii buurayn ee Byelorussian ah. Maanta magaalada ayaa dadka ka mid ah 380,000 qof oo Bole. Juqraafi ahaan, magaalada waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba qaybood oo ah dal Dnepr webiga halkan: Zadneprovskaya qayb iyo xidid. Webiga weli navigable ka 110 si ay u 230 maalmood ee sanadka. Taariikhda Mogilev in sawirada la soo bandhigi doonaa in aad fiiro in this article.

Foundation oo magaalada

taariikhda Mogilev taariikhda dib u wakhtiyadii hore. excavations qaddiimiga ah ayaa muujiyay in aagga magaalada la degganaa agagaarka qarnigii V, oo hore u qarnigii X halkaas joogay dejinta a halkan. Waxaa jira halyeeyada dhowr ah oo ku saabsan aasaaska Mogilev. Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah, magaalada waxaa la aasaasay by saanacyadii iyo baayacmushtariyadii agagaarka qalcaddii, taas oo la dhisay 1267 on amarka of Prince Lev Mogiya. Archaeologically Halyeeyga this ayaa aan cadeeyay, sida hadhaagii qalcaddii la helay oo aan la.

Halyeeyga kale sheegayaa in magaaladii la dhisay hareeraha mid ka mid ah kaniisadaha Orthodox ama la mid ah ayaa waxaa la aasaasay Polotsk amiir Lvom Vladimirovichem.

The story ugu caansan ee ah ee Mogilev sheegay in kaynta ku noolaa burcad tuug oo madax u Ataman Masek, kuwaas oo lagu kala duwanaayeen xoog sarreeyaan. Boyar dhacay Masek, kuwaas oo ahaa wakhtigaas aroosad ridayeen si nabad ah, oo wuxuu go'aansaday si ay ugu aargudaan, u baxay inuu kaynta. Ataman lagu dilay gacangeliyey uu aroosadda, yaroow waxaa isagii lagu aasay mid ka mid ah bangiyada ee Dnieper ah, in ka badan ag tuuli maayo qabriga lagu shubay, iyo meel xabaaleed oo noqday kuwa loo yaqaan "Qabriga Libaaxa." Taasi waa sababta magaalada ayaa halkan kacay yeedhay Mogilev.

Sheekadu waxay ku saabsan Mogilev

Tan iyo markii la aasaasay magaalada adeegay sidii a hawlaha qalcaddayda-dejinta daafaca iyo, u badan tahay, waxaa ku dhowaad gebi ahaanba burburiyey Tatar fuliyeen dhexe ee qarnigii XIII ah, sida uu ka markhaati helaa qaddiimiga ah oo tiro badan.

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay sida Mogilev dejinta xusay in qarnigii XIV ah ee a "List of magaalooyinka Ruush, u dhow iyo ka fog." Waqtigaas wuxuu lahayn hawlaha siyaasadda iyo dhaqaalaha gaarka ah. Horeba in qarnigii XVI ka Mogilev waa qayb muhiim ah oo Grand Duchy reer Lithuania, weliba, ayuu waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay hanti ahaan u gaar ah oo Queen Polish ah Jadwiga, xaaskiisa of Grand Duke of Lithuania. 200 sano ka dib, ee 1503, magaalada waxaa la siiyey Boqorad Polish kale - Helena.

In qarnigii XVI ka Mogilev bilaabay inuu si firfircoon horumarinta iyo u koraan la hordhaca ah ee sharciga Magdeburg, taas oo ka dhigtay in ay soo jiidasho leh si ay dalalka - deriska Lithuania. Sidaas daraaddeed, in bartamihii qarnigii XVII ah magaaladii la qabsaday dagaal la'aan ah ciidamada dalka Ruushka, laakiinse intii toddoba sano ka dib ayuu soo laabtay Commonwealth ahaa. magaalada ayaa waxaa si xun u dhaawacay in koorsada colaadda Ruush-Polish.

Years of Ruush-Swedish Dagaalkii 1700-1721 ayaa sidoo kale sababay dhaawac weyn u Mogilev, uu dhan Guutale la boholo iyo qalcad ah u qalabaysan. Risaalo First of Poland ee 1772 keentay in kala iibsiga ee Mogilev ee Empire Ruush ee 1777 waxaa la aasaasay gobolka Mogilev. 3 sano ka dib, waxaa halkan waa in shirka reer Ruush Empress Catherine II iyo Emperor Joseph ee Austria. Inta lagu jiro dagaalka kula Napoleon u dhow Mogilev ahaa dagaalkii Saaka iyo lugta Ruush ah iyo ciidanka Faransiiska ee uu hoggaaminayay General Davout. Dhacdadani waxa ay waxaa ka go'an in ay taallo halkan kaalinta.

Mogilev qarnigii XX ah

Inta lagu guda jiro sano ee dagaalka ee 1914-1917 ah. si hufan oo ku yaalla heerka Mogilev Emperor Nicholas II. dhacdooyinkii February 1917 heerka Taliyaha Ka dib halkan waxa ku hadhay, ilaa November 1917.

In 1938 Mogilev loo moodayay in la sameeyo caasimadda ah ee sii buurayn ee Byelorussian, oo sidaas daraaddeed, fuliyay dhiska firfircoon ee magaalooyinka ayaa loo dhisay hotel, shineemo, dhismayaasha la deggan yahay multi-dabaq, si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay sabab u goysiga ah ee Western Belarus Mogilev ma noqon caasimadda. mar labaad Mogilev soo jeediyay in la sameeyo caasimadda ka dib markii dhamaadka dagaalka ee 1941-1945., Sida Minsk ku dhawaad gabi ahaanba la burburiyay, laakiin ma waxa aan mar kale u dhicin.

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii Great Patriotic of Mogilev waxaa loo heystey naasiga ee July 1941 iyo sii daayay kaliya ee June 1944. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, oo ku saabsan 100 kun oo dadka ka mid ah meelaha magaalada iyo ku wareegsan oo la dilay ama la soo tarxiilay in Germany, waayo hawl. On dhulka xerada xerada fiirsashada iyo gaadiidka ee maxaabiista dagaalka waxaa la aasaasay.

City qarnigii XXI ah

Qarnigii XXI ee Mogilev waa xarun dhaqan iyo dhaqaale ee gobolka Mogilev ah. tabarruc ugu weyn in dhaqaalaha gobolka sameynayaan turxaan saliid, mashiinka-dhismaha iyo aagga bir-shaqeeya, magaaladu waxay leedahay soo saaraha ugu weyn macdantaa caag Yurub. Mogilev iyo waa mid ka mid ah xarumaha waxbarasho ee Belarus, waxaa jira 7 jaamacadaha iyo 12 dugsi sare.

indhaha ee magaalada

Mogilev ka hor qabsashadii Jarmalka ee 1941, magaalada faaniyey tiro badan oo soo jiidashada leh, laakiin ku dhowaad dhammaan iyaga ka mid ah waxaa lagu halligay. Magaaladu waxay sii raagayaan ka taxadiri Orthodox, sida:

• St. Nicholas convent;
• Roman Catholic Cathedral of male ah;
• Cathedral ee Hierarchs Saddex ka,
• Quduuska Cross Church,
• Quduuska Cross Cathedral.

Intaa waxaa dheer in goobaha cibaadada, in Mogilev waxaa jira dhibcood oo kale oo xiiso leh, kuwaasoo mid walba uu leeyahay qiimaha taariikhiga ah.

square ka Nasahanyahay

Inta lagu jiro muddada taariikhda Polish Mogilev inoo soo jiidin in sidii magaalo barwaaqo. Wuxuu waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay dekedda a webiga waaweyn iyo square dhexe waxaa loo yaqaan Marketplace ah. Ka dib markii uu noqday qayb ka mid ah Empire Ruush ah, meesha noqday kuwa loo yaqaan Guddoomiyaha, iyo horumarinta degaanka samayn injineero Ruush. dukaamada tafaariiqda jir iyo afar dhismayaasha isku la dhisay ayaa laga saaray: guriga taliyaha oo ahaa taliyihii dalka ku xigeenka, golaha gobolka iyo maxkamadda, guddiga caafimaadka iyo archive ah (hadda museum taariikhda deegaanka).

Ilaa iyo hadda la ilaashaa oo keliya dhismaha afraad ee dhismaha. Ka dib markii Kacaanka Oktoobar, aagga noqday yaqaan Soofiyeeti, tani waa meesha ay xukun dil ah saaraya ee Awliyadiisa intii lagu jiray dagaalka ee 1941-45. In 2014, aagga helay magaca joogo - Square of Fame.

Hall (Moguilev)

Taariikhda inoo sheegayaa in dib u soo celinta Hall City ee ku saabsan maamulka Belarus sameeyo oo keliya sanadkii 2007, inkastoo la dul saarin calaamad qaaday in ay 90s hore. qarnigii labaatanaad. Arrinta dhismaha hoolka magaalada asalkiisu ka soo jeedo ee dhammaadkii qarnigii XVI ka, ka dib markii la helo dejinta sharciga Magdeburg. dhismihii asalka ahaa ka sameeyey qori in uu si joogta ah keentay in dabka, iyo hoolka magaalada si buuxda u gubay, taas oo ah sababta ay meesha bedelay dhowr jeer.

Stone Town Hall waxaa la dhisay inta lagu jiro 1679-1698 sano, saqafka qariyeen dusiyeen, meel u dhow xarunta dawladda hoose waa la dhigay, iyadoo labo balbaladood iyaga on weathervane sharraxnaan jirtay. sarajooggiisu wuxuu ku jiray munaaraddii la Jestkii ahaa 46 mitir. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka Ruush-Swedish ee 1700-1721 hoolka magaalada ayaa la burburiyay, laakiin dhawr sano ee dambe waxaa la dhisay. In 1780, town hall oo soo booqday Catherine Empress ka weyn.

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii Great Patriotic, Hall Town ee si xun u burburay, ay taallo taariikhiga ah loo aqoonsan yahay ee muhiimadda All-Union. In kasta oo go'aanka Guddiga on dib u soo celinta hall magaalada, shaqada aan bilaabay, iyo 1957 waxa oo dhan ilaa afuufeen. City Hall ayaa waxaa si buuxda u soo celiyay iyo ayaa dadwaynaha loo furay sanadkii 2008.

Museum of History of Mogilev waxa uu ku yaalaa Hall City ee. hoolalka Exhibition ku yaal laba dabaq ee dhismaha. Waxay yihiin bandhigaa X - bilowgii qarniyo XX in qisoon muhiim dejinta dhacdooyinka. Museum of the History of Mogilev sugaya martida ka 10 subaxnimo ilaa 18 duhurnimo. Isniin iyo Talaado - xiran.

Buynichnoe beerta

xusuus Tani waxa uu ku yaalaa tuulada Buinichi dhow Mogilev. Waxay ahayd halkan xagaagii 1942 laba toddobaad ahaayeen joogto ah dagaal ciidanka Soviet la qabsaday Jarmal. adag waxaa la furay sanadkii 1995, waxayna ka kooban meel ka mid ah in ka badan 20 hektar. Waxay ka kooban tahay xafiiltamaan ah, taas oo la maro 27-mitir isku xira goobta cibaadaysiga. Darbiyada of goobta cibaadaysiga la sameeyey marmar ah oo dhalaalaya, Isasaaray ay magacyadii reer binu askar iyo Awliyadiisa of War Great Patriotic. Under cibaadaysiga waa crypt meesha hadhaagii ayaa la reburied askarta dhimatay, oo xataa maanta waa xisbi search.

Polykovichskaya Krynica

il Tani mucjiso la og yahay ka fogaanina magaalada ka baxsan, waxaa la furay bartamihii qarnigii XVI ka. Biyaha ka Krynica ururinta hoose ee dooxadii, qulqula Dnieper ah. In qarnigii XIX on amarka Tirinta ee goobta cibaadaysiga Rimsky-arrimo Saint Paraskevi la dhisay halkan. Laga bilaabo halkan si malqacadood oo soo socota si ay isha, iyo halka uu ku hadlay oo ku saabsan sida mucjisada ah. Sanad walba on January 19 ishii soo jiidata dadka ka dambeeya biyaha baabtiiska mucjisada ah.

Moscow iyo Tula yards

On jidka Lenin in Mogilev waa "jasiiradda" dhabta ah ee caasimada Ruushka - maxkamadda Moscow, aasaasay sanadkii 2006. In badhtamaha uu ka yahay garoon loogu talagalay carruurta, ka dhigay in view of Kremlin ee Moscow, meel u dhow Arbat yahay nuqul ka mid ah Tsoi Wall ah, meelaha kale ee la rinji Muuqaallo on theme ee Moscow.

Halkan, waddooyinka Lenin, waa barxadda kale - Tula. At ay xarunta fooridaa il weyn, samovar, halkan waa goob ee Kremlin Tula ah. barxadda oo dhan waxa lagu qurxiyey images of jubbadda hubka ee Tula iyo goobaha ka nolosha magaalada.

Mogilev Drama Tiyaatarka

Taariikhda Mogilev ayaa sheegay in ilaa bartamihii qarnigii XIX ee magaaladuna waxay ahayd tiyaatarka, iyo troupes tuug muujiyeen qaab ay u furan-hawada. Oo 40-mada. qarnigii XIX, maamulka magaalada u diyaarinay tiyaatarka dabaqa labaad ee dhismaha waddada a dabaysha. ayuu halkaas waqti gaaban ku qaatay, oo in ka badan 20 sano ee soo socda ayaa la bedelay dhismayaal dhowr ah, sidaa darteed maamulka magaalada helay fikradda ah in la dhiso tiyaatar ah. Waxaa la aasaasay 1888 lacag laga soo ururiyey deeqaha ah raggii la. Total qaaday in ka badan 50 kun oo rubles. Oo iridda ugu weyn ee tiyaatarka waxaa ku yaal Chekhov ee theme farshaxan - Lady caanka la Dog ah.

derejooyinkii

In xarunta of derejooyinkii dhabta Mogilev ku yaal, oo muujinaya wakhtiga saxda. Halkan waa farshaxan a Stargazer iyo 12 kuraasta - Calaamooyinka Burji ah. Stargazer naqshad heysta lagtu qalabaysan borojektar ah, dogobka ishaada fiidkii ah in loo arki karaa ka bannaan.