Sofya Romanova: Biography, xaqiiqada oo xiiso leh

Gabadha Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Sofya Romanova ku dhashay September 27, 1657. Waxay ahayd ilmo lixaad ee qoyska boqortooyada. Hooyadeed, Maria Miloslavskaya, waxay ahayd naagtii ugu horeysay ee Alexei iyo hooyaday ah oo ay boqorro Fyodor III iyo Ivan V. Will Sofya Romanova duruufaha, iyo sidoo kale walaalo ah, wuxuu noqday taliye - ugu horeysay tan iyo Olga Princess ee qarnigii X.

shakhsiyadda

Baraha Sophia Alekseevna ahaa fiqi ah Simecoon ee Polotsk - mid ka mid ah dadka ugu aqoonta Ruush ah oo xiliyo hore. Ma aha la yaab leh in saffarro tixgeliyo dhalaalaya amiirad iyo nin caqli badan.

In ku dhaqan Moscow State, sida uu sheegay oo ciqaab gabadhii ahaayeen nolol aad u gaarka ah. Inta badan, amiirad ma guursadaan. Guurka la isku wadanka yihiin (xitaa la Boyar) waxaa loo tixgeliyaa aan habboonayn oo arooska wakiillo ka dhaxaysay qarniyadii Yurub ayaa sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa wax aan macquul aheyn sababtoo ah kala duwanaanshaha xagga diinta. Sophia Alekseevna sidoo kale ma ay lahayn xaaska. Laakiin, ay noqonayaan tirada siyaasadeed, bay jebisay xeerkii jira gudaha ee cadaadinta dumarka dhiigga boqoradnimadeedii beer dadweynaha.

dhibaatada saldanadii

Alexei Mikhailovich carruur badan, laakiin ku dhowaad dhammaan iyaga is khilaafeen caafimaadka dadka saboolka ah. Markaasaa boqorkii wuxuu ku soo maray laba wiil oo waaweynayd. Dhimanayaan 1676, Boqortooyada ka dhigtay inuu dhaxli maayo wiilkayga saddexaad, Fyodor, oo noqday Fyodor III. nin dhallinyaro Tani waxay sidoo kale ahayd mid xanuun badan. Wuxuu ku geeriyooday 1682 at 20 jir.

Care boqorka dhalinyarada nolosha siiyey kor u qaada dhibaatada saldanadii. Waxaa jiray su'aal ah ee bedelka ah. Markaas wax on goobta siyaasadeed oo u muuqday Sofya Romanova. Fedor, ka walaalahoodii gabdhaha yar marka laga reebo wuxuu lahaa laba walaalo yar: John iyo Peter. Oo sidaasuu boqorkii u dhintay carruurla'aan, awoodda waa in la soo maray qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah.

Ivan ahaa ka weyn, laakiin uu caafimaad jilicsan su'aalo badan. Jr., Peter, on lid ku ah, lagu gartaa luminayey, fayo-qabka oo aan maanka carruurta. Intaa waxaa dheer, amiirradii waxay ahaayeen reer naagood kala duwan Alexis. Ivan ahayd hooyadii waxa Maria Miloslavskaya, hooyo ee Peter - Natalia Naryshkin. Behind dhabarka u hadha ay u dhaqmeen qaraabada ka qoysaska boyars '.

Ninkaas

Qaab daran oo ku filan, laakiin tiradaasi tanaasul waayo, aqoonyahanada Moscow ee ahaa Biography Sofia Romanov taas oo muujinaysa iyadu dardaaran xoog leh oo aysan awoodin in ay maamul. In 1682, dhimashada Feodor III ka dib, ee magaalada waxaa jiray a Musketeers mudaharaad - askari, sameeyey ayaa sal u ah ciidan si joogta ah Ruush wakhtigaas.

Ciidamada shilalka MILOSLAVSKAYA, ka soo horjeeda musharaxnimada ee Peter. Sagittarians Naryshkins eedeeyay in dilka Ivan oo weeraray gurigii boqorka. boyars badan lagu dilay, kuwaas oo dhinaca Butros ayaa taagnaa, oo ay ku jiraan uu "ilaaliye" Artamon Matveev. Sidaas darteed of faragalin military this dagaallamaya gobta isku raacay on xaqiiqada ah in wada talin doono labada walaalo ah.

Laakiin xitaa tanaasul this ma burin ay carruurnimada. Markaasaa kuwii gobta ahaa go'aansaday in ugu wanaagsan ee uu noqon lahaa boqorka Sofya Romanova. gabadhii Biography Alexei Mikhailovich habboon dhammaan xubnaha aqoonyahanada Moscow, iyo in June 1682 iyana waxay noqotay Empress ee walaalkiisa ka yar.

Gacanta midig ee Sophia

Ka hor inta dhamaadka Ruush ee qarnigii XVII ee waxaa jiray dhowr dhibaatooyin gudaha iyo dibadda halis ah. Waxay waxaa weheliya guddiga oo dhan Sophia. Romanov lahaa awoodaha badan, laakiin waxa uu qaatay go'aan ku salaysan talo ah ee uu ugu jecel yahay. Dhow amiirad taliye ahaa, sayidkaygiiyow, iyo diblomaasi Prince Vasily Golitsyn. Rasmi ah, isna wuxuu u adeegay sidii madaxa Safiirada amarka (analoogga ah ee Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibadda).

"12 articles"

Dhaxalgalka ee Sophia aabihiis helay dhibaato Orthodox iyo khilaaf diimeed. dibuhabaynta Church waxaa fuliyey hoos Alexis Tsar iyo Wadaad Nikon. Beddel qaar ka mid ah dogmas dhaqanka iyo Umaad keentay in iska caabin ah oo aan horay loo arag ee bulshada. Dadka ma aysan dooneynin inay aqbalaan hal-abuurnimo, oo lagu eedeeyay faasiqnimo.

Sophia Alekseevna Romanov, kuwaas oo u talin jiray in la sii wado macquul ah oo boqornimadii aabbaheed, oo ay taageerayaan siyaasadaha hore ee cadaadiska ka dhanka ah mucaaradkiisa. In 1685, amiirad ku qaaday waxa loogu yeero "12 articles". In sharcigan ayaa lagu degsan ciqaabta ee la xiriirta xaqa rumeeyow Hore. dil banneeyey, jirdil, xarig ah darbiyada iyo Biyac gudahood, lala wareego hantida.

Korinta ah "12 articles" ayaa keentay in qax ah mucaaradkiisa ka Moscow iyo magaalooyin kale oo waaweyn ee gobolka Ruush. Taariikhyahan Lev Gumilyov, iyo cilmi kale oo badan oo la rumeysan yahay in sharciga ahaa mid ka mid ah kii ugu xumaa ee taariikhda siyaasadda ciqaabta gobolka Ruush. Waxa xiiso leh, sannadda Louis XIV waqti isku mid ah la Sophia la joojiyay in France, dirqina ee Nantes, ka tagis dulqaad diinta dhinaca Brotestanka.

nabad weligeeda leh oo Poland

Xitaa markii Alexis Russia ahaa dagaal kula Poland. Colaadda hubaysan dhamaaday 1667, laakiin muran badan dhul aan la dhameystiray. xal diblomaasiyadeed in dhibaatadan oo qaaday Sophia Alekseevna Romanov. Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Ninkaas uu ka yimaado waqti labada dal ay dooneysay in xallinta khilaafaadka dheer-taagan. Against asalka this, ee Moscow ka dib markii Rzeczpospolita yimid.

lafta of dood ku hadhay Hetman - dalkii reer Cossacks ee Ukraine. Qiyaastii gobolka iyo muran dhalisay. Ka dib markii wadahadalo dheer ee 1686 waxaa lagu soo gabagabeeyay habase yeeshee weligeed Peace. Sida laga soo xigtay in ay, Poland aqoonsaday Russia Kiev, oo dhan bidix Bank Ukraine, Zaporizhzhya, Chernigov, Starodub iyo Smolensk. In sarrifka, Moscow ayaa bixisay 146 kun oo rubles, oo wuxuu siiyey wixii ay ogolaansho in ay ka qaybqaataan dagaalka si wadajir ah Yurub ka dhanka ah Turkiga, kuwaas oo ku hanjabay Rzeczpospolita ka koonfureed. Warsaw ceshan Volhynia iyo Galicia, iyo sidoo kale in la damaanad qaado xuquuqda maadooyinka ay Orthodox.

ololaha Crimean

natiijo A tooska ah ee Peace weligeed la Poland ahaa ururka ee ololaha ka dhanka ah Crimean Ruush Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda iyo wiilkaagiiba khan Crimean ah. Waxaa jiray laba ololaha. Labada keentay Vasily Golitsyn. Magacaabidda Chief of Sofia ku taageeray Romanov. Biography kooban oo ka mid ah diblomaasi u muuqatay amiirad ugu haboon.

In 1687, ciidanka 100,000th Ruush tegey Safar ah. Crimean tataarka dab loogu steppe ka dhigay, si weyn u adkayn nolosha ciidanka. Sidaas darteed, ciidankii ugu weyn ee Golitsyn adkaaday. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku simaha on Taliyaha askartii garabka midig Gregory Kosagova Ochakov qabtay oo la jajabiyey faraha Bugeac.

Ololaha Crimean Second bilaabay 1689. Golitsyn gaadhay Perekop, laakiin ma ay qaadan, kolkaasaan dib u noqday. Prince sharaxaad ka bixiyey go'aankiisa uu in ay ka baxaan biyo yaraanta cusub. Sidaas darteed, ka tug Crimean keenin wax waxtar la taaban karo Russia. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ku kordheen sharafta Moscow ee indhaha Western Europe ee, kaas oo ahaa Turkey hor jeeda ugu weyn ee loogu hanjabo nabadgelyada iyo xasilloonida oo dhan ilbaxnimada Christian.

Xiriirka Shiinaha

Diblomaasiyadda Sophia taabto caasimadaha ma aha oo kaliya Yurub, laakiin sidoo kale soohdimaha fog bari ee dalka. All qarnigii XVII degay Ruush (gaar ahaan Cossacks) raacay bari, ilaa ugu dambeyntii ay gaareen soohdinta dalka Shiinaha. Wixii xiriir wakhti dheer la qoyskii Qing aan la nidaamiyo by dokumenti kasta.

dhib ugu weyn waxay ahayd in labada dal si rasmi ah isku raacay in ay xadka, sababtoo ah in si joogto ah lahaa isku dhacyada goobaha ku xeeran. Ruush, raadisay beeraha dalka ku haboon, deganaa ee gobolka Amur ah, kaas oo sidoo kale badatay ee dhogorta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, gobolka this waa aaga ay saamayn ah Empire Qing ah. Perigee khilaafaadka la degay waxay bilaabeen hareeraynta Chinese van Ruush Albazin ee 1685.

Waayo, caadi ah ee xiriirka la lahayd dalka deriskooda bari ee gobolka Trans-Baikal inay direen ergo, kuwaas oo loo habeeyey Sophia Alekseevna Romanov. Natiijooyinka amiirad Guddiga guud ahaan wanaagsan, laakiin dhacdo la Shiinaha ayaa noqday stroke xun ee taariikhda ee sharcigan oo ah. Qing qoyskii sameeyey saxiixa heshiiska waa mid aad u khasaari for Moscow. Russia ayaa la diiday, gobollada ay Far Bari, gobolka Amur ah, iyo sidoo kale qalcadda Albazin. oo soohdintu waxay la Shiinaha ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay on bangiyada of River Argun ah. Dukumiintigaas ayaa saxiixay in Nerchinsk noqday kuwa loo yaqaan heshiis Nerchensky. Its tallaabo la joojiyo kaliya ee bartamihii qarnigii XIX ah.

luma awoodda

Amarkan wuxuu dhismay Regency ee Sophia ma noqon karaan weligeed ah. Peter si tartiib tartiib ah u koray, iyo si degdeg ah ama goor dambe walaashiis lahaa in la siiyo awood. walaalkiis labaad The - Ivan daciif ah - in kasta oo ay xaaladda sare kasta oo door madax banaan ciyaaray. Sida caadadii waqtiga, Peter ugu dambeyntii noqday qof weyn ka dib markii uu guursaday gabadhii sirkaal Evdokia Lopukhina. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Sophia Alekseevna Romanova, Biography kooban oo iyada muujinaysaa sida naag awood-gaajaysan ma aha in si dhaqso ah in la siiyo si ay boos adag in walaalkiisa ka yar.

In kaliya dhawr sano amiirad ee sharcigan oo ay nafteeda ku hareereysan iyadoo dadka midig. madaxdii ciidamada, oo ay ku jiraan tirada ragga qaansaleyda helay jagooyinka sababtoo ah Sophia iyo taageeray oo kaliya by sheegashada ay. Peter ayaa ku nool tuulada hareeraheeda of isbeddelid, iyo xiriirka uu la Kremlin noqday kordhayso colaaddu.

ciidanka kaliya ee ku tiirsanaan karin gooyo mustaqbalka ahaa ciidamada uu tiimbashada xumaanta. regiments Intaasu waa intii laga sameeyay in ka badan dhowr sano. Marka ugu horeysa, amiirka keliya ku shuqloonyihiin Nicmo merrymaking military, laakiin si tartiib ah oo ciidankiisa ku noqday ciidanka garab. Bishii August 1689 taageerayaasha Peter sheegay in uu ahaa isku diyaarinaya weerar. Ninkii dhallinyarada magan qaaday ee keniisad Trinity-taliye Sergiyos Bawlos. waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah iyada oo ah amarrada iyo shahaadado, badiyeen Musketeers ah, iyo Sophia hadhay ee Moscow ee go'doomin.

Nolosha keniisad ah

Bishii September 1689, boqorow, walaashiisna waxay ahayd dejiyey oo u soo diray inuu ku Convent Novodevichy. derbiyada oonay gudahood ayay ku noolaa hareereysan ilaalada. In 1698 ee Moscow ay ka maqan yihiin boqorka qarxay strelets caasinimo. caasinimo ayaa la baabi'iyay. Baaritaanka ayaa soo gabagabeeyey in shirqoolkii socdeen si ay carshiga ku fadhiisan Sophia. Xiriirka Her iyada iyo walaalkeed oo markii hore ma kala sooci by diirimaadka, iyo hadda Peter oo dhan ku amray inay xaaqin sooro walaashiis. Sofya Romanova, Wehbe photo kaas oo si cad u muujinaya xaalad halis ah iyada oo xabsi ah, ayaa ku dhintay July 14, 1704 in dastuurka Novodevichy ah.