Portsmouth Peace, xaaladaha iyo sanadka saxeexa

Portsmouth Peace Treaty - heshiis u dhexeeya Empire Ruush iyo Japan oo ku saabsan: Colaad Joojin. heshiiskan uu joojiyo in dagaalkii ka doqon iyo burbur Ruush-Japanese, kaas oo socday muddo ka 1904 si ay u 1905. Dhacdadani waxa ay kuweyn ka dhacay August 23, 1905 ee Portsmouth, magaalada American, la dhexdhexaadinta ee dowlada Maraykanka. Heshiiska ayaa la saxiixay ay labada dhinacba. Maxaa yeelay, isaga, Russia ayaa la diiday, xaq u leeyahay inuu u kiraysan Liaodong Peninsula iyo joojiyo isbahaysiga la Shiinaha, kaas oo ka mid ahaa isbahaysiga militari ee u dhexeeya labada dal ka dhanka Japan.

Sababaha bilowgii dagaalkii Ruush-Japanese

Japan muddo dheer ahaa dal u xiran yihiin, laakiin qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XIX waxay bilaabeen inay si lama filaan ah aad u hesho lacag la'aan ah, u furan yahay shisheeyaha, iyo shacabkeeda ayaa si firfircoon uga booqanaya dalalka Yurub. Horumarka ayaa si cad u arki karo. By horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad, Japan ayaa abuuray raxan awood iyo ciidankiisii - in ka caawiyay waayo-aragnimo qalaad, oo Japanese ah ayaa ansixiyay in Europe.

Jasiiradda waxay u baahan tahay in la ballaariyo dhulka, taas oo sababta waxa ay bilowday gardarada ciidamada loogu talagalay dalalka deriska ah. Japan ayaa noqday dhibanaha koowaad ee gardarooday Shiinaha u suurtagashay in ay qabsadaan dhowr jasiiradood, laakiin tani waxay si cad u ahaa ma ku filan. Dawladdu waxay leedahay indhaha on dalka reer Manchuria iyo Korea. Dabcan, Empire Ruush ah uma dulqaadan kari waayay kibir sida, maxaa yeelay, dalka lahaa qorshe u gaar ah ee meelahaan, otstraivaya ee Korea Tareennada. In 1903, Japan iyo Russia qabtay noqnoqda wadahadalo, rajeynaya in uu xaliyo khilaafka si nabad ah, laakiin aan waxtar lahayn oo dhan. Ma isku raacay on qaybta dalka, dhinaca Japanese si lama filaan ah ugu fuliyeen dagaalka ay weerar boqortooyadiisa ka.

Doorka Britain iyo Maraykanka ee dagaalka

Dhab ahaantii, Japan ayaa go'aansaday in ay weeraraan Russia oo keliya ma aha. By this waxaa keentay Maraykanka iyo England, maxaa yeelay, waxay bixisay taageero maaliyadeed si dalka. Haddii aan lagu gacan dalalka kuwan, Japan ku guuldareysatay in ay jebiyaan Saarka Russia, ka dib markii ciidamo madax banaan ayay lahayn fikrad waqtiga. Portsmouth Peace, laga yaabee si aan doonaynin in la soo gabagabeeyey haddii xal u lahayn in ay maal-ka si ay u galaan tallaabo millatari.

Ka dib markii Tsushima England ogaaday in dadaalka Japan ayaa sidoo kale si fiican, sidaas darteed ilaa xad badan oo la dhimay qiimaha dagaalka. Maraykanka ayaa si xoogan u taageeray gardarooday, iyo xitaa mamnuucay in France iyo Germany u istaagaan difaaca Empire Ruush ah, iyo hanjabo in la dilo. Madaxweynaha Teodora Ruzvelta ahaa qorshe lagu daabacay - in ay ka daadi ah colaad muddo dheer socda labada dhinac. Laakiin halkan xoojinta lama filaan ah ee Japan iyo guuldaradii Ruush, ayuu aysan qorshaynaynin in ay. gabagabeeyo of Peace ee Portsmouth Dhawa qaatay lahaa meel aan dhexdhexaadinta of America. Roosevelt shaqo badan la sameeyo si loo heshiisiiyo labada dhinac ee ciidamada.

isku day lagu guulaysan in ay nabad ka dhigi

Diiday taageero dhaqaale oo ka mid ah US iyo Great Britain, Japan dareemi dhaqaale ahaan u wiiqantay. Inkastoo guulaha ciidamada muhiim ah in dagaalka la Russia, wadan cadaadis kafaala hore bilaabeen in ay ku tiirsadaan xagga gabagabeeyo nabadda. Japan ayaa dhowr jeer isku dayay inuu yimaado la cadowga. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ka hadlay Japanese dib u heshiisiinta ee 1904, markii Ruush ee UK waxa la weydiiyey inuu u saxiixo heshiis ah. Wadahadalada ma dhacaan: Japan dalbaday in Empire Ruush ah loo aqoonsan yahay in curin la joojiyo colaadda.

In 1905, dhexdhexaadiye u dhexeeya dhinacyada by France. Dagaalka saameeyeen danaha dalal badan oo Yurub ah, si ay halkii ay doonayeen ay dhamaystirka. France wakhtigaas ma ahayn in xaaladda ugu fiican, dhibaato aloosnayd, si ay u bixiyeen si ay u caawiyaan Japan oo ballanqaaday inay dhexdhexaadin in la soo gabagabeeyo nabadda. Wakhtigan, gardarrow iyo ayaa dalbaday ka bixinta Ruush Empire Capitulations of qaansiin, laakiin diblomaasiyiinta Ruush aslanba diiday xaaladaha sida.

dhexdhexaadinta United States

Ka dib markii Japan ay dalbadeen in beeraha ee Ruush ah ee qadarka 1.2 bilyan oo Hawiyuhu, iyo marka lagu daro jasiiradda of Sakhalin, dawladda Maraykanka si lama filaan ah madaxyo simanna leh boqortooyadiisa ka. Roosevelt ku hanjabtay in ay Japan ee laalista taageero dhan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in xaaladaha Nabadgalyo ee Portsmouth ayaa ka duwanaan lahayd haddii aan faragalin ku ah Maraykanka. Madaxweynaha Maraykanka, on gacanta ku hal, isku dayeen in ay saameyn ku Empire Ruush ah, si tartiib ah isagoo talabixin siinaya boqorka, oo dhinaca kale ah - cadaadis saaray Japanese ah, qasbo fekero gobolka murugo of dhaqaalaha.

Ereyada nabad Yimaadeen by Japan

gardarraloowna waxa uu doonayay in uu sameeyo inta badan dagaalka ugu badnaan. Taasi waa sababta Japan ay u ilaaliyaan lahaa saamaynta ay ku Korea iyo South Manchuria, qaadan gasiiraddii oo dhan of Sakhalin oo heli naxariis cadadka 1.2 bilyan oo yen. Dabcan, waayo, Ruush Empire xaaladaha sida ayaa allifey oo, sidaas darteed saxiixa Peace ee Portsmouth ayaa la cayimin dib loo dhigay. Witte, wakiilka Ruush, hubeeyaan diiday in ay bixiyaan qaansiin iyo shaqo ee Sakhalin.

tanaasulaad si loo Japan

Sida ka dib qirtay in qorkiisa Ishii uu, ay dalka u lahaa in la Russia, taas oo uu leeyahay marnaba qof ma bixin ka qabtaan. engegnaantiinna diblomaasiyadeed Ruush iyo laalista kafaala taageeraya Japanese ah ku riday surin indha. dunida Portsmouth ahaa ayaa qarka u saaran inay burburto, dawladda Japan ururay shirka, kaas oo socday maalin oo dhan. Waxaan go'aansan in la sii wado dagaalka ee Sakhalin. August 27, 1905, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay ka tanaasulaan jasiiradda oo aan u baahnayn kaalin. gobolka waxa uu ahaa sidaas oo gabaabsi ah in ay sii wadaan talaabo military oo aan suurto gal ahayd.

Russia Xumo

Dhanka kale, Madaxweynaha Ruush fariin telefoonka ah oo u galay boqorkii, oo lagula talinayaa in ay siin jasiiradda of Sakhalin diray. Ruush Empire doonayay nabad, sababtoo ah dawladda lahaa si loo xakameeyo kacaanka soo aaddan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, boqorka isku raacay in la siiyo oo kaliya qaybta koonfureed ee jasiiradda. Portsmouth Nabadu ha u saxiixay karo iyo in xaalado kale, maxaa yeelay, Japanese waxay mar hore ku go'aansadeen in ay ka tanaasulaan weeraro Sakhalin. August 27, isla markiiba ka dib dhamaadka kulanka, waxa ay noqotay war go'aanka boqorka. dawladda Japan, dabcan, ma seegi fursad uu ku qabsado dhul cusub. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, halis Japan, sababtoo ah haddii uu macluumaadka run ma ahayn, dunida inaanan haddana waa la xidhay. waxaa wareejinta rasmiga ah, haddii ay dhacdo of failure heli lahaayeen inay sameeyaan Haaraa-kiri.

Ugu dambeyntii Portsmouth Peace la saxiixay 5 September 1905 sano. Safiirka Ruushka laga dhaliyay Japan u baahan yahay sida uu boqorkii loo soo sheegay. Sidaas darteed, dawladdu Tokyo ayaa helay celiska ah ee saamayn ku Korea, heshay xuquuqda jagada si Liaodong Peninsula ah, Manchurian South Tareenka, iyo sidoo kale qaybta koonfureed ee Sakhalin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Japan ma waxay xaq u leeyihiin in ay galaan sidii loo xoojin lahaa jasiiradda.

Maxaa keenay in ay labada dhinac ee isku dhacu Portsmouth Peace?

Taariikhda saxiixa heshiis nabadeed oo ay aheyd inuu noqdo meesha ugu danbeysay ee colaadda iyo bilaabaan in dhaqaalaha kor u soo baxay burbur ah. Nasiib darro, ma uusan ku guuleysan, mana Russia mana Japan ka dagaalka Ruush-Japanese. Waxa ay ahayd oo dhan waqti lumis iyo lacag. Japan ayaa isku duubay saxiixa heshiis nabadeed sida uu aflagaado shaqsi ah, dulli, weliba, dalku ku soo jiray wax ku ool ah u baabba'nay. In Empire Ruush ah, oo sidaas kacaanka ka aloosnayd, iyo guuldarada in dagaalka uu ahaa caws engegan oo kale la soo dhaafay cadhada caan ah. In horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad, waayo labada dal aan ugu fiican ee jeer yimid. kacaanka bilaabay in Russia ...