St. Sophia Cathedral - durkin ugu caansan ee Kiev

St. Sophia Cathedral - jawharad ah naqshadda ugu muhiimsan oo ku yaalla wadnaha ee Kiev, on square ah eponymous. Qarnigii XI in meesha dagaal lagu hoobtay oo ka dhacay, taas oo keentay in ciidamada Yaroslava Kiev Prince ka Mudrogo u suurtagashay in ay ka badiyeen Pechenegs reer guuraaga ah, iyo sababtoo ah waa a kaniisadda Orthodox grand markii dambe halkan dhisay.

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In magaalada Kiev Saint Sophia Cathedral muuqday inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada halyeeyga Yaroslava Mudrogo, laakiin taariikhda kaniisadda Orthodox weyn ee Kievan rus waa arrin adag. cilmi Qaar baa ku doodi in macbudka at this site aasaasay inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha, laakiin culimada ugu ka mid dhigin aasaaska ka-in Zaman ee Yaroslava Mudrogo.

Cathedral taagay sayid fiican Byzantine, ka Constantinople diray, laakiin kiniisadda ayaa sii faafo badan kiniisadaha kale Byzantine Orthodox, iyo waa dhismaha ugu weyn macbudka dalka reer pre-Mongol Russia. Muddo yar ka dib marka aad dhammaysato ee Sophia Kyiv ee Cathedral noqday xarunta of nolosha siyaasadeed, ruuxiga iyo dhaqanka, sida meeshan amiirradii weyn helay safiirada shisheeye, ka shaqeeya taariikhda macbudka, qaybta hoose ee maktabad, iyo Golaha Popular toos ururiyey derbiyadeeda haybad hoos.

In 1240 Sophia St. Cathedral la ceyriyay by Mongols ah, laakiin dhismaha gebi ahaanba ka badbaaday, iyo kaliya in qarnigii XVII naqshadaha macbudka ah isbedel la taaban karo ee ay la dhigay. Sidaas daraaddeed, halkii domes hemispherical qadiimiga ah waxaa lagu rakibay domes pear-qaabeeya sare, macbudka dhisay a chapels cusub, iyo tolnimo la caddeeyey. Under xukunka Soviet, Cathedral lunsan xaaladda adag macbudka, iyo in 1934 helay xaaladda ka mid ah matxafka-reserve. Caabuda u dhow aan jirin hadda, iyo u-adeegidda waa sanadkiiba hal mar oo keliya - on 24 August, marka Ukraine dabaal Maalinta Xornimada.

Naqshadaha Dhismaha iyo qalabaynta

At Warega of qarniyo XVII-XVIII, marka St. Sophia Cathedral uu noqday qayb muhiim ah oo adag keniisad Orthodox, Aamino macbudka siiyey muuqaalada Baroque Yukreeniyaan ah. Iyo hareeraha dhismaha qadiimiga ahaayeen dhismayaasha kale ee la mid ah style naqshadda, oo ay ku jiraan ilaa munaaraddii kor ah laga soo galo iyo ilaa munaaraddii kor dawan iyo guryaha siweyn looga refectory Brama Zaborovsky iyo Metropolitan Home.

The "highlight" weyn ee cathedral ee waa sii raagayaan qarnigii XI humaag, iyo ugu caansan iyaga ka mid ah - Masiix Pantocrator iyo Oranta Virgin ah. All shaqada mahrajaan macbudka sameeyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo glazes, taas oo ah oxides daawaha cusbo, dhalooyinka iyo birta, iyo burbur kaliya sameeyaa sayid xabbadood dhagax dabiiciga ah ee qadiimiga ah.

Nasiib darro, frescoes macbudka ayaa ka badbaaday wax badan ka xun ee qurxinta mahrajaan qadiimiga ah. On dhulka ee cathedral waxaad ka arki kartaa taarikada bir weyn, kuwaas oo ah image bilaha si cad u arki karo, taas oo waxaa loo arkaa a calaamadaha Muslim. Oo ma cadda sababta sida ded dabaqa a muuqday Asheeraah Orthodox ah. Markii hore, qolalka dhexe ee Gogosha ayaa laami la mosaics, iyo xabaalaha iyo hayirin - taarikada yar dhoobada, jajabkii dhoobada iyo sagxadda dhulka leben goobo gaar ah oo hadda yihiin si cad u arki karo.

Features

Sophia Cathedral dheer qarsoodi kale xajin, furi saaxir ah inta lagu guda jiro shaqada dib u soo celinta. Tani waxay qadiimiga ah fariimihii derbiga, kuwaasi oo ay ka dib qarsoon hoos nuurad lahayn iyo frescoes madaxtooyada iyo kuwan raadinaa Visitors St. Sophia waxaa lagu arki karaa maanta, sida restorers ma gloss iyaga ama rinjiga rijiyeeyay cusub. jiidashada kale oo macbudka waa sarcophagus hore xardhay marmar ah, kaas oo ku yaala hadhaagii dhintay ee 1054 Grand Yaroslava Mudrogo, iyo kormeerka waxaa laga heli karaa in booqde kasta.