Tirada dadka ee Alaska, juqraafiga, taariikhda

Alaska waxaa loo yaqaan Land of Sun-barka ah, Frontier Final The, Land Great The. Yaa helay Alaska iyo inta dhulka ku kici Mareykanka? Yaa ku nool dhulkeeda?

Alaska on map dunida

Alaska waxa uu ku yaalaa on galbeed United States iyo waa gobolka ugu weyn ee dalka. Bering Strait ku kala baxaan dalka reer Russia - Chukotka Peninsula. In bari, xuduudaha gobolka la Kanada.

gobolka Tani - exclave ah. Waxaa laga soocay inteeda kale oo ka mid ah ciidda Mareykanka iyo Kanada. Si aad u hesho ka Alaska gobolka ee kuugu dhow US, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay ka gudbaan 800 kiiloomitir ee dhulka Canada.

Bedka guud ee gobolka - 1.717.854 sq. km, iyo mid jiida xeebaha waayo 10.639 km ah. Alaska Territory wakiil ah dhulweynaha iyo jasiiradaha badan. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid Islands ee Aleutian, Jasiiradaha Alexander, Kodiak Island, Pribyvalova iyo St. Lawrence.

Alaska Point Barrow waa barta waqooyi ee Maraykanka, iyo Attu Island, taas oo ah qayb ka mid ah Islands Aleutian ah - ugu galbeed.

xaaladaha dabiiciga ah

Alaska laga maydho by Pacific iyo Arctic badaha, abuurista xaaladaha cimilada kala duwan. The qaybo gudaha ah ee gobolka waxaa lagu gartaa cimilada sub-Arctic la qaboobuhu qabow, xagaaguna yara diirran. In qaybta waqooyi ee cimilada Arctic ah: qaboobuhu qabow aad u daran iyo xagaaga qabow. Heerkulka ee xagaaga dhif ah oo gaartay kor ku eber. On xeebta Pacific (koonfur-bari ee gobolka), cimilada uu yahay badda khafiif ah, iyada oo in badan oo roobabka.

Dhuldhoobo Alaska North waxaa daboolay, iyo xagga koonfureed - la kaymaha qaro weyn. In gobolka this, marno iyo glaciers badan. ugu weyn - sitoos Bering, iyadoo meel ka mid ah 5800 mitir oo laba jibbaaran. m. uurada tiixtiix waa qayb ka mid ah Alaska giraanta dab Pacific. Mount Shishaldin waa on Unimak Island oo waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah marno Alaska ugu weyn.

Webiyaasha ugu weyn ee gobolka - ka mile oo iyo Kuskokwim. Total ee Alaska waa in ka badan 10 kun oo webi iyo in ka badan 3 milyan oo harooyinka. In qayb ka mid ah Waqooyi-bari ee gobolka waa Arctic National Duur Refuge ah, iyo ku-galbeed woqooyi - soohdinta reer reserve saliidda Maraykanka.

helitaanka Alaska

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in markii ugu horeysay Alaska Manida Dezhnev helay qarnigii XVII ah. Laakiin xaqiiqda, ma jirto xaqiijin rasmi ah. "St. Gabriel" Sidaa darteed, furitaanka Land weyn loo aaneeyey inay kooxda markabka. kooxda duulaan The, kuwaas oo xubno ka ahaayeen M. S. Gvozdev, I. Fedorov, DI Pavlutsky iyo A. F. Shestakov, degay gayiga Alaska ee 1732.

Ka dib 9 sano halkan tegey duulaan labaad ee Markabka "St. Peter" iyo "St. Paul." Maraakiibta madax Alexei Chirikov iyo sahamisa caanka Vitus Bering.

ceeryaanta iyo daruuraha caqabad weyn oo u baadha. Markii hore, dalka reer Alaska ka ah guddiga of "St. Paul" arkeen, waxay ahayd Prince of Wales Island. Cilmi baarayaashu waxay ogaadeen in ay jiraan wax badan oo beavers deggan yahay afaer badda, dhogorta, kaas oo wakhtigaas waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay ugu qiimaha badan. Tani waxa ay ahayd wadadii uu ugu waaweyn ee horumarka ah ee dalalkan oo cusub.

sale

In 1799 uu furay shirkad Ruush-American, kaas oo madax u Alexander Baranov. Muuqanayo dhogorta oorso yar oo xeeb ku nool ugaarsiga firfircoon (taas oo markii danbe keentay in hoos u dhac weyn oo tirada xoolaha).

Iyada oo ku saleysan tuulooyinka cusub iyo dekedaha, iskuulada iyo isbitaalada furan, Church Orthodox ka sameynaayo shaqada waxbarashada, taas oo uu noqdo shayga dadweynaha Alaska. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horumarinta dalka waxaa xadiday saarka dhogorta iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa adeegayaasha ah.

Intaa waxaa dheer, xiriirka cadaadis la Britain, iyo isku dhawaanshaha ka Ruush Alaska si British Columbia yeellay iyada yazvimoy ay dhacdo colaad military u dhexeeya labada dal. Sidaas 1857 billowda fikradda ah in ay iibiyaan si ay America.

In March 1867 ee Washington, u saxiixay heshiis ku aadan iibka dhulka ee 7.2 million dollars. Bishii Oktoobar, kala iibsiga rasmiga ah ee dalka soo iibsaday Sitka (markaas loo yaqaan New Mikaa'iil).

Mareykanka Alaska

Muddo dheer ka dalalkan oo dhawaan la helay ay ahaayeen ay gacanta ugu jiraan Maraykanka iyo gaar ahaan ma guuleysto ciidamada. In 1896 jiro xaami ah dhab ah oo dahab ah, marka River Klondike ee Kanada, heli kayd dahab ah. Waa ay fududahay in ay territory Canadian la gaarin dhex Alaska, oo ka dhigay in si weynna u kobcay degsiimooyinka.

In 1898, dahabkii laga helay meel u dhow magaalada Nome iyo magaalada casriga ah ee Fairbanks, Alaska. Gold Rush ka qayb qaatay horumarka dhaqaale ee gobolka. Tirada dadka ee Alaska ayaa si weyn u koray. tareenka dhisay, macdanta si firfircoon miino.

Depression The Great qarnigii XX ay saameysey iyo Alaska. Waxaa raray dadka degan gobolada waqooyiga si kor loogu qaado dhaqaalaha gobolka. Inta lagu guda jiro Adduunka Second via Alaska loogu gudbinayay qalabka military in Midowga Soofiyeeti.

In 1959, Alaska ee keensataa xaaladda gobolka 49aad US. Later halkan tusi kaydka weyn saliid, taas oo mar kale kicisaa dhinaca horumarinta.

Tirada dadka ee Alaska

Tirada dadka degan gobolka ku saabsan tahay 700 000 oo qof. Tiradan waxaa dhigeysa gobolka ee 47aad ee ugu weyn dalka. Alaska mugga dadweynaha waa hooseeya iyo waa 0.4 qof kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran.

Koritaanka ugu badan dadweynaha ee gobolka arkay ka dib markii kayd shidaal laga helay. Markaas dadka reer Alaska ayaa kordhay 36%. magaalada ugu weyn ee gobolka waa Anchorage, waa guriga ka badan 300 000 oo qof.

About 60% dadweynaha waa cad yahay, dadka wadaniga ah waa saabsan 15%, Aasiyaan ah ka samaysan oo ku saabsan 5.5%, inta ka dhiman isagoo jinsiyadaha kale. Kooxaha qaranka ugu weyn ee ku nool Alaska - Jarmalka. account Irish iyo English for 10%, waxaana ku xiga dadka noorwiijiga, Faransiis iyo Scotland.

Missionary Ruush Church Orthodox ayaa maray micne lahayn - waa hadda ee Alaska, oo ku saabsan 70% ka mid ah dadka Masiixiyiinta ah. Protestant-waxaa loo arkaa diinta labaad ee ugu weyn, inkastoo oo dhan Alaska waa gobolka ugu yaraan diinta of America.

Dhalad Alaaska

Ruush, dabcan, loo arkaa in ay Horseedka, laakiin si ay u degaan ee gobolka dadka dheer bilaabay ka hor inta ay ka imanayaan baarayaasha. Sida laga soo xigtay saynisyahano, Alaskans ugu horeysay ee halkan ka Siberia yimaadaan oo ku saabsan 30,000 oo sano ka hor, inta lagu guda jiro qaboojinta Bering Strait.

dadyowga ugu horreeyey oo isu heli ee "Land of Sun-barka ah" waxay ahaayeen Tlingit, Tsimshian Haile iyo Athabascan. Waxay yihiin awoowayaasha casriga ah Hindida Maraykanka. Qabiil leeyihiin luqad iyo waxay aaminsan yihiin gaar ah, oo inta badan ku hawlan kalluumaysiga.

Inta badan dambe (ku dhowaad 8 kun. Years ago) dalka reer Alaska u dhoofay dadyowga la xiriira ESKIMOSKA ama Inuit. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen qolooyinka reer, Aleut ku Alutiiq iyo Inupiaq.

Iyada oo la ogaaday cilmi Ruush Alaska ayaa keenay dunida ka mid ah dadka wadaniga ah iyo caadooyinka rumaysad bay ku. dad badan oo deegaanka ka shaqeeyeen Ruush. Yaa ka ugu weyn ee Alaska ee dalka Mareykanka boqolkiiba ee dadka wadaniga ah, laakiin tirada this waxaa si tartiib ah hoos u. Sidaa darteed, sannadihii la soo dhaafay, waxaa jira barnaamijyo gaar ah si loo ilaaliyo dhaqanka dadka wadaniga ah.

gunaanad

Alaska (USA) - gobolka hodanka ah leh dabeecadda ah u gaar ah, laakiin aad u daran. Waxaa jira marno badan, glaciers, webiyada iyo harooyinka. Waa gobolka ugu weyn US, ka Maraykanka Kanada soocay. Dadka Alaska soo bandhigay kooxaha qowmiyadaha badan iyo Jinsiyadaha. Waxaa weli ku nool oo durriyadii Indians iyo ESKIMOSKA, sii hiddaha iyo dhaqanka ay.