Vychegda - webi ee Jamhuuriyadda Komi ah. Description, sawiro

Russia - dalka ugu weyn dunida oo dhan, iyo sidoo kale mid ka mid ah biyaha. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay kaydka weyn oo biyo cusub. soohdinta reer Federation Ruush oo dhammu halkaasay ku saabsan 2.5 milyan oo ka mid ah Wabiyaal, durdurradiisa Oo durdurraa ka yihiin. Maqaalkani waxa uu sheegi doonaa si faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan mid ka mid ah lagu magacaabo Vychegda. Komi Republic iyo gobolka Arkhangelsk in qayb - waa meel ay u dhacdaa.

Waa maxay sababta magacaas?

In luqadda ee dadka Komi magaca webiga u muuqataa sidii Ezhva, kaas oo tarjumayaa "biyo oo berrin bannaan" ka: "PE" - ama cawska oo berrin bannaan, iyo "wa" - biyaha.

Magaca Ruush webiga ka timaadaa Vychegda erayada drevneugorskih ururka "Vacha" - cagaaran, oo berrin bannaan, iyo "ohgt" - webiga. In lala qabsado af Ruush lagu daray waa erayadii warqaddii la soo dhaafay "a".

Sayidka, Vychegda - webiga dhex maraya seeraha ah. Mararka qaarkood Komi u wac "webiga jaalaha ah", maxaa yeelay biyaha ku dhex jira had iyo jeer waa dhoobo.

juqraafiga

Ha na siiso macluumaadka aasaasiga ah juquraafi ku saabsan balli this. Sida aan kor ku soo sheegay, Vychegda - webiga, siday biyuhu ay bannaanka ku taiga inta badan dhulka Jamhuuriyadda Komi (85% balliga) iyo qayb ahaan gobolka Arkhangelsk ah. Search on map-ka waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in waqooyiga qaybta Yurub ee Russia. Waa addoommo ugu weyn ee Northern Dvina ah, iyada darafta midig.

dhererka channel waa 1130 km, deegaanka balliga - in ka badan 120 kun oo laba jibaaran. km. Ku dhowaad dhammaan of qararkiisa oo lagu daboolay kaymaha taiga, kuwaas oo si hodan ku ah Jamhuuriyadda Komi ah. Webigii ka soo baxay ama qarar, nasashada lahayn, iyo marinnadii albaabbada lahayn, waxaa si xor ah la barwaaqaysan, si ballaaran oo si tartiib ah guud ahaan bannaanka la farqiga height of 120 ilaa 150 mitir ah. Haddii buux webiyada, alluvial ah - gaaban, cidhiidhi ah, oo aan terraces.

Dhinacyada sariirta bacaadka ah ee biyagaleenka ahuba soo noqnoqda, jiirada webiga waa mid aad u yar. pool Perm ka kooban lacag dhigaal ah (dhoobo, marl) ka nuuradda dhuxusha goob weyn oo dhagaxii jeeso Jacka adag in mararka qaar daboolaa Quaternary.

Koorsada webiga waxaa aad loogu fuuli jiray, tusaale ahaan, hoos magaalada balli Syktyvkar, Goldogob buuraha Semukovskuyu, gooladaha arc uga yaacday ilaa xagga webiga Vym - ay addoon midig. Si toos ah u dhexeeya maxsuulka dambe oo wax ka badan 3 km, iyo webiga yeelan doonaan si ay u tagaan 30 kiiloomitir. dhul qalloocan Vychegda weysada sameeyay iyadoo ay sabab u glaciations badan oo badda woqooyi, gaar ahaan in ay weerar cusub ee ku saabsan dhulka.

The isha iyo afka

Vychegda - webiga, taas oo la aasaasay at kulanka of durdurrada Howl-Vosges iyo Lun-Vosges in ah ka qoyan ku Jüri-Nyur oo ku taal duleedka koonfureed ee Ridge Timan ah. Isku duwaha il: 62 ° 19 '. w. iyo 55 ° 32 'ee. d.

Iyo meesha webiga faaruqdo galay Vychegda? Ay biyo xanbaarsan galay Northern Dvina ah, kuwaas oo socodka magaalada Kotlas, taas oo 600 km ka fog Mikaa'iil galay. Isku duwaha afkaaga: 61 ° 17 's. w. iyo 46 ° 37 'ee. d.

biyaha raaca

Power, Vychegda isku qasan. Qayb weyn ee barafka (40-45%) iyo in situ (34-40%), in qayb ka mid Roob (15%). content Water u dhaxeysa 162 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran per labaad u dhow tuulada of Ust-isaga, 601 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran per labaad ee Syktyvkar, caasimada Komi Republic, in 1160 oo mitir kuubo labaad u dhow afka.

Webiga bilaa baraf dabayaaqadii April - May. Inta lagu jiro daad guga heerka Vychegda uga baxdo - 4 ilaa 7 mitir. Biyaha daadka fahmi waayo kiiloomitir badan in width. In 1974, waxaa si gaar ah biyo sare marka heerka webiga ku dhawaad 8 mitir kacay. Laakiin biyo badan on Vychegda si deg deg ah Dantana.

sare Vychegda

Webiga qaybsan yahay sare, dhexe iyo hoose.

Upper Vychegda socodka 346 km ka il in kulanka of addoon bidix isaga. pool Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay qayb sarajooggiisuna dissected buur ah banka ee 250 mitir. width ee dooxada Webi markan waa 200 mitir. Riverbed meanders jidka oo dhan, ayaa wax badan oo Rapids yar iyo shoals, waayo, si caddaalad ah oo degdeg ah - 0.7-0.8 mitir halkii labaad.

Near isha of width webiga kama badna 15 mitir, laakiin waxa ay si tartiib tartiib ah balaariyay iyo NEMA ayaa hore u gaadhay 100 mitir. qoto dheer Celceliska Vychegda sare - 3 mitir, iyo ugu sareeya - 10 mitir. Meals this qayb ka mid ah webiga dhulka hoostiisa iyo barafka, socodka biyaha u dhow Pomozdino tuulada yahay 50 mitir cubic per labaad.

celceliska Vychegda

Waxaa ay ku bilaabataa laga bilaabo tuulada Ust-NEMA iyo ordaya 488 km, dhamaadaa kulanka waxaa ka tagay loogasoo Sysola (waxaa haboon caasimadda ah ee Komi ah - Syktyvkar). First, webiga waddaa ku dhex socdo dooxada Kerchemskoy maryihii u dhexeeya buuraha iyo Zhezhimparma Nemskoy, qaybta dhexe ee weysada degan meel bannaan ka baaxad weyn oo u dhexeeya Upland Northern Uvaly iyo Ridge Timan ah. Hoos channel ku qubanayo iyada oo dhulka swampy ballaaran.

Si aad xaq u webiga badan oo ka mid ah harooyinka (Sindorskoe, siinin). In meesha oo ka mid ah addoommo ah isaga, iyo Vym North Keltma River waxa lagu gartaa karst. Bartamaha Valley Vychegda kala 10 kiiloomitir, Caraabaah ballaaran daad, inta badan double-dhinac, daboolay seeraha, meelaha swampy. width The sariirtaada 100 ilaa 700 mitir ayaa ugu hooseysa ciid-dhoobada, oo ay dabcan dhacaan xeebta jasiiradda daboolay quruurux.

Moolkeeda on webiga Vychegda at this site yihiin kuwo aad isbedel - 0.5 mitir by 6 mitir ka hor shallows on qeybaha. Heerka socodka waa celcelis ahaan 0.5 mitir per labaad, laakiin biyaha sare ilaa 2 mitir halkii labaad. baahay baraf Cuntada (60%), inta kale ee la xisaabay in roob iyo dhulka hoostiisa. isticmaalka biyaha at Ust-NEMA waa 160 mitir oo saddex jibbaaran per labaad, in Syktyvkar - 600 mitir cubic per labaad. Marka heerka daad guga oo biyo webiga gaartay 5-6 mitir.

hoose Vychegda

Waxaa billaabay ka addoon xaq - webiga Vym, ordaya 296 kiiloomitir oo uu afka. In qeybaha hoose ee webiga noqotaa mid aad u weyn oo ballaadhan, laakiin inta kale ee ay muuqaalka iyo xaaladaha biyaha aad u la mid ah shuruudaha Central Vychegda yihiin.

daad laba geesood ah weli gaadho 6-8 km, laakiin dooxada kordhiyay ilaa 40 kilomitir. Coast on stretch this webiga waa inta bacaadka ah, dhif bandhigi jasiiradaha Peat dhoobo Garaacood madow leh. More caadi dhagaxyo dhagax dixeed. Gaar ahaan wax badan oo iyaga ka mid ah ee dabanayaan Timasova Mountain, weheliyaan asaastay iyo shallows Upper Soyginskom Slobodchikovskom, halkaas oo ay ku sameeyay xigtaa dhagax dhabta ah.

Webiga ee qeybaha hoose inta badan barafka guga jirto hir xoog leh.

araaciyey

Waayo, biyaha balli this waxaa la soo ururiyey ee 1137 addoommo. Tani ma waxaa ka mid ah in ka badan 23 kun oo durdurrada yar, dhererka oo kama badna 10 kiiloomitir.

addoommo Major Vychegda (ugu weyn): Xuquuqda - Vym, Wohl, Vishera, Yarenga River iyo Elva, darafta uu ka tagay - Vileda, Sysola, Lokchim, North Keltma River, isaga South Mylva.

oo sidaas daraaddeed addoommo Part tus Vym iyo North Keltma River, waxaa arkaayo kalluumaysiga salmon leeyihiin qiimo weyn.

maraakiibta

Vychegda webi navigable. Navigation waxaa ku furmay toddobaadkii koowaad ee May iyo xirtey at tirada October 20. Maxkamadda guga u hesho in ay Voldino dabanayaan (960 km), iyo xagaaga iyo dayrta in ay markab ku Ust Coloma (693 km).

The marinas ugu weyn: Yarensk, Mezhog, Solvychegodsk Aikino, Ust-Kool, Syktyvkar.

kakanaanta ee navigation on Vychegda waa in ay channel waa mid aad u deganayn, iyo sands waa mid aad mobile. Sida laga soo xigtay tilmaamayaashan, jidhka oo biyo ah meedka meesha ugu horeysa ee Russia. Gaar ahaan si adag u jirrabeen Vychegda xeebaha bacaadka u dhow tuulooyinka pukto Oshlape, Sharovitsy iyo Vyemkovo.

Laakiin webiga ee waqooyiga Russia ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa habka ugu muhiimsan ee isgaarsiinta, sidaas darteed, inkastoo dhibaatooyinka, Vychegda waa biyo mareen ugu weyn ee gobolka: xagaaga dadka guuro biyaha dhex marisaan, oo xilliga qaboobaha - on baraf.

Sidoo kale webiga gu'gii si dayrta waxaa loo isticmaalaa sabayn alwaax.

degsiimooyinka

magaalooyin badan kala firdhiyey tuulooyin badan oo la dhisay ay weheliyaan webiga. The Browse quote dadka waaweyn: caasimadda ah ee Jamhuuriyadda Komi ku Syktyvkar, tuulooyinka hareeraheeda Ezhva, Krasnozatonskaya, Sedkyrkesh, magaalada Zheshart, Koryazhma, Kotlas Solvychegodsk iyo fadhiistay oo Anufrievka Anikeevka, degsiimooyinka kale.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

balli, oo waxaa ka go'an in stattya, aad buu hodan u ah ee kalluunka. Waxay hoy u tahay sturgeon, Pike, kaluun, Pike, bream, salmon cad, Kuub, bixisaa, burbot, baran-, gudgeon, Ruff iyo noocyada kale ee kalluunka. Webiga cunto siiya dadka oo dhan Jamhuuriyadda Komi ah.

Raaxo Tareennada tirada tareen rakaab 24 fariin Moscow - Syktyvkar hal mar la odhan jiray "Vychegda".

Haddaba aad u ogaato meesha webiga Vychegda iyo waxa jira sifooyin ay ugu weyn.