Waa maxay coking dhuxusha iyo meeshay u isticmaalo

Kororka sicirka saliidda iyo raadinta ilo tamareed oo kale ma aha oo kaliya keentay in horumarka tiknolojiyada cusub, laakiin sidoo kale fiiro gaar ah u kale, wax aan ka yarayn waxtar leh ceeriin - dhuxusha. The warshadaha ugu muhiimsan waxaa coking dhuxusha. Waa maxay miraheeda iyo meeshay u soo saaray - waxaa lagu soo this article.

Waa maxay dhuxusha coking

dhuxusha Tani, kaas oo in shuruudaha coke coking heli xoogga gaar ah oo size. Waxay ka dhigan tahay qiimaha weyn ee warshadaha iyo jecel yahay baahida xooggan ee warshadaha badan. Sayidka, coking dhuxusha sida shidaalka la isticmaalaa in steelmaking iyo tamarta.

dhuxulo Coking ka duwan kale oo dhuxulaa ka muuqan u dhaqaaqo gobolka caag ah iyo in sinter dul-gaadhista in heerkulka sare oo aan ogsijiin.

dhuxusha coking Curiska

dhuxusha Coking waa qaab xoog iyo unfortified lagu gartaa content hooseeyo ash (in ka yar 10%), content hooseeyo qaybaha kacsan (15 ilaa 37%) iyo baaruud (in ka yar 3.5%). Marka la barbar dhigo noocyada kale ee dhuxusha, dhuxulo coking leeyihiin heerkul ka sari sare oo lagu gartaa content a hoose ee nijaasta ahaa. ratio ka mid ah qaybaha kala duwan ee kayd qalabka sida dhuxul yar kala duwanaan karaan. Waxaa aad muhiim u ah in la tixgeliyo in habka of coking. Sidaas daraaddeed, qasab lagu go'aamiyaa inta ay ka kooban, coking, dhaqanka sintering iyo tilmaamayaasha kale si ay howsha dhuxusha. On dhulka ee Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore, waayo dhuxusha ee coking loo isticmaalo noocyada kuwan:

• By - coke.
• F - baruurta.
• G - gaaska.
• OS - otoschenno-caking.
• SS - silnospekayuschiesya.

habka coking

Under tusinayaan habka coking of diinta dhuxusha si coke. Waxay ka kooban tahay dhowr marxaladood. Bilowga hore diyaarinta coking dhuxusha. dhuxusha miino waxaa dhulka iyo foomka boorish gaar ah - boorish. At tallaabada xigta waa la fuliyay coking. Waxay dhacdaa in qolal gaar ah oo gaaska foornada coke isticmaalaya kululaynta. Diyaariyey lacag la geeyaa foorno 15 saacadood, halkaas oo waqtiga oo dhan waxaa lagu sameeyaa kor heerkulka 1000 ° C. Sida ka dhashay geedi socodka this waa la helay by "cake coke."

Coking technology lagu jiro qarnigii labaatanaad, wax badan ayaa isbedelay, taas oo loo ogol yahay horumarinta kayd cusub dhuxusha.

Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in 10% ka mid ah wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee geedi socodka carbonization dhuxusha qaadataa meel. Tani waxa ay xaqiijinaysaa jiritaanka a baahida warshadaha sare oo dhuxul coking.

Maxaa kala ah coking iyo dhuxusha kaamerada

Qiimaha ugu weyn in shirkadaha bixiyaan dhuxusha coking, taas waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida shidaalka nidaamka qaybaha badan warshadaha ee dhaqaalaha. Tusaale ahaan, waayo dikhaw bir ah. feature ugu muhiimsan ee wax kala dhuxusha coking ku saabsan tamarta - joogitaanka giisa. qayb ash Tani dhuxusha, taas oo la aasaasay by daatay ee warshadda ay ka maqan yihiin oxygen. guryaha Vitrain yihiin awood u leh inay dhalaali iyo sintered hoos heerkulka sare. Sayidka, microparticles carbon ku negaanaya galay mid ka mid mass adag. weyn ayaa fiirsashada giisa sare ee tayada dhuxusha coking ah.

tirada ugu badan oo ah walaxda fusible ku jira dhuxul stamps sida: Coke, Gas, dufan, otoschenno-caking iyo xaydha coking.

sumadda ah ee dhuxusha

In dabiiciga ah, waxaa jira noocyo badan oo dhuxusha kuwaas oo ka kooban farsamo oo kala duwan, iyo tilmaamayaasha sinterability qaybaha kacsan. dhuxusha Coking haboon noocyada kaliya dhowr ah. Laakiin ma aha oo dhan oo iyaga ka mid haboon sintering qaab daahir yihiin. Mararka qaarkood waxaad u baahan tahay in aad ku darto qaybaha qaar ka mid ah. Sidaas, waxaa jira fasalada soo socda ee dhuxusha coking:

1. By - coke. In coking this fasalka dhuxusha waa la helay qaab saafi ah shuruud coke qodniinka-. Waayo, dhuxusha sare oo tayo leh lagu daray, waayo, magac kale - geesi ama gaaska.
2. QL - Coke dufan. Waxay leedahay coking ugu fiican, inta badan loo isticmaalaa si aad u hesho coke oo aan ku daray fasalada kale ee dhuxusha. Halabuurka ee dufanka leh dhuxusha coke ka kooban yahay ilaa 30% ka mid ah qaybaha kacsan. Milicsi vitrain - 1.3%. dhumucda lakabka caag ah waa 18 mm. No isbedel tayo coke ogol yahay waxaa dheer ee stamp in ay 20% CS, OS, iyo LA.
3. LA - otoschenny coke. dhumucda lakabka waa 10-12 mm, vitrain milicsiga ah - ilaa 1%. Sida caadiga ah, brand this waxaa keligay ma isticmaalo, laakiin kaliya in lala LCD iyo dhuxusha guban kara.
4. Tageysaa - nizkometamorfozny caking coke. Inta lagu guda jiro sintering ee noocan oo kale ah coke dhuxusha sameeyay xoog hooseeyo dhaqi karo, sidaas darteed waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sintering la marks kale ama in uu soo saaro gaaska dardaro.
5. COP - caking coke. dhumucda lakabka caag ah waa 9 mm. Waxaa lagu gartaa sinterability hooseeyo. CS coke dhuxusha fasalka waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida shirkadaha qayb jilcaan. Sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaalaa in meelaha qaar ka mid ah soo-saarka, waayo, sari heerarka.
6. GC - coke gaaska. Marka dhalidda carbonization coke wanaagsan u dhisnayd, laakiin xoog farsamoyaqaanka hooseeyo. wax soo saarka sintered si fudud kala burburi. Sida caadiga ah, dhuxusha gaaska waxaa loo isticmaalaa in isku wata dhuxulo kale coking.

Sintering tixgeliyo ugu wanaagsan ee marks sida coking dhuxusha, geesi, caking, gaaska, otoschenno-caking iyo coking qaab saafi ah. Waxaa ku jira cadadka ugu yaraan of nijaasta ahaa oo ay leeyihiin ductility sare.

Fields codsiga

Ujeedada ugu weyn ee dhuxusha coking - shidaalka warshadaha. Inta lagu guda jiro soo sari ee dhuxusha coking shanqarta xaddi badan oo tamarta kulaylka. Sayidka, this heerkulka alaabeed shido 470ºS. Laakiin gubanaya - ma sida kaliya ee lagu soo saaro guryaha waxtar leh ee macdanta this. Waxaa jira qaybaha badan oo kale oo dhaqaalaha ah oo ay dhuxul ka coking wax ku ool ah loo isticmaalo. Isticmaalka khayraadka dabiiciga ah taas in geedi socodka warshadaha u ogolaanaya in ay hesho waxa ay hogaanka, molybdenum, zinc, germanium, baaruud, gallium iyo xubno ka kiimikada kale ka. Codsiyada warshadaha ayaa sidoo kale baabba 'iyo warshadaha dhuxusha. Sidaas daraaddeed, ay baaraandegi ee refractories iyo abrasives. Sidoo kale baabba qalabka dhismaha soo saaray.

Guud ahaan, shidaalka waxaa laga sameeyey dhagax ah in ka badan 300 kala duwan ee wax soo saarka. Dhuxul waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida qalab aasaasiga ah ee wax soo saarka ee carbon iyo graphite xubno dhismaha vysokoazotnyh acids kuwaasi oo loo isticmaalo in Bacriminta. codsiga wax ku oolka ah waa walxaha kuwaas oo la sii daayay inta lagu guda jiro geeddi-socodka coking ah. Sidaas darteed, inta lagu guda jiro muxaadaro engegan ee daamurka dhuxusha la Abuuray iyo biyo ammonia. sidoo kale waxay ka mid yihiin dib loo cusboneysiin karo.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer, in nidaamka of coking loo qoondeeyey waxyaabaha gaseous, kuwaas oo ka kooban benzene, phenol, toluene iyo ammonia. Waxay yihiin il nafaqooyin kale.

Saaridda dhuxusha coking ee Ukraine

dhuxusha Coking ee Ukraine waxaa inta badan laga codsadaa shirkadaha qodniinka-. Sidaas darteed, ganacsiga birta ah oo keena qiyaastii 90% baahida guud ee noocan ah ee shidaalka. warshadaha macdanta wuxuu bixiyaa dalka coking suuqa gudaha dhuxusha 60% oo keliya. hartay 40% ee dhuxusha baabbi'iyey laga keeno. qeybiyaha ugu weyn ee dhuxusha coking in Ukraine waa Russia.

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, in la kordhiyo baahida loo qabo qalabka shisheeye cayriin ee dalka. Tan waxa u sabab ah hoos u dhac in wax soo saarka gudaha. Sidoo kale, baahida loo qabo wax cayriin gudaha ku dhacaa sabab u tahay hoos u of its tayada, sida ku daqiijin jireen steel uma isticmaali karo dhuxusha la content a baaruud sare.

In Ukraine, dhuxusha coking soo saaray in maddiibadihii; Donetsk, Lvov-Volyn, Dnieper. Tirada ugu badan ee kaydka dhuxusha joogaan gobollada Donetsk, Luhansk iyo Dnipropetrovsk. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, ay sabab u tahay xasilooni siyaasadeed ee dhuxusha coking bari ee Ukraine ganaax.

saarka dhuxusha ee Russia

kayd dhuxusha waaweyn ku yaalaan Russia. Sida laga soo xigtay tirokoobyada, dalka waa mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu horeysay adduunka ee kaydka dhuxusha. In ka badan 67% oo ka mid ah in dhuxusha. Kuwaas oo kala ah, 10% waxaa coking dhuxusha.

The dhuxusha coking Ruush miino barkadaha ah: Kuznetsk, Pechora, Yuzhno-Yakutsk, Donetsk iyo Kizel. Labada barkadaha ugu horeysay soo saaro dhuxusha ee tirada ugu weyn.

Kaydka ee coking dhuxusha ee Russia waa 47.3 billion. Metrik. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, keliya qayb yar ayaa diyaar u ah in ay isticmaalaan. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, wax soo saarka ee coking dhuxusha ee Russia heerka of 70 Million. Metrik halkii sanno. Tani waa ku filan si ay u bixiyaan alaabta ceeriin, shirkadaha warshadaha dalka.

dhuxusha Coking waxaa miino ee Russia joogta xawaaraha. koritaanka saarka dhuxusha ka dhici doona in ay dhacdo in la kordhiyo dalabka noocan ah alaabta ceeriin sababa horumarinta warshadaha qodniinka- oo la xidhiidha dhaqaalaha Ruush.

Rajada suuqa dhuxusha coking

In sannadaha soo socda Ruushka warshadaha dhuxusha sugayso isbedel. meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee horumarka warshadaha ee taaban doonaa nidaam toosan ee wax soo saarka dhuxusha. Sayidka, siyaasadda guud siinayaa samaynta miinooyinka dhuxusha ku salaysan xarumaha tamarta ee awoodda yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka. Waxaa sidoo kale la qorsheeyay si loo soo dajiyo qalabka at dhirta dhuxusha, kaas oo u ogolaanaya si loo farsameeyo dhuxusha galay shidaalka dardaro nadiif ah.

Iyadoo la tixgelinayo in muda iibka, baahida loo qabo dhuxusha coking ee Russia kori doono. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in lagu daro shirkadaha steel Coke isticmaalaa metallurgy non-ferrous iyo warshadaha kale oo badan. Sidaas darteed, in ay soo saaraan 1 ton oo bir ah doofaarka u baahan yahay oo ku saabsan 0.4 tan oo coke. Laakiin farsamooyinka kale oo isaga bedeli karaa xayiraad khayraadka faa'iido dheeraad ah oo ku dalban.

isbeddellada coking caalamiga ah suuqa dhuxusha

Si aad u taariikhda, shirkado badan oo dhuxul ah waddammada oo dhan haysta dhibaatooyin ah ee qiimaha dhuxusha coking. Dhibaatadaan waxaa uga sii darey gobolka in ay soo gudbiyaan coke in tiro xad-dhaaf ah. Waxaa sidoo kale saameyn weyn qiimaha uu leeyahay u janjeera in la yareeyo kharashka macaamiisha. xaalada kale oo nasiib darro soo baxdo ka jecel yihiin inay ku soo saarayaasha steel si loo yareeyo kharashka soo saarka. In Europe iyo Shiinaha, baahida loo qabo coking dhuxusha sii wadaan in ay koraan, laakiin waa ay sabab u tahay wax soo saarka ee qaybaha sare. Laakiin guud ahaan, mugga iibsadaan alaabta ceeriin on dayrta suuqa dunida.

Wax yar ka si loo xasiliyo xaalada tamarta qalabka xumu ku leeyihiin suuqyada Maraykanka. Laakiin qiimaha ayaa sii waday in ay ku dhici sabab u tahay baahida hoose for steel. Sidaas darteed, tani hoos u dhici doono wax soo saarka ee coking dhuxusha ee Maraykanka iyo Europe.

Laakiin khubarada saadaaliyo u kaca ee laga keeno oo badeecooyin tamarta ee Hindiya. On mugga dhoofinta dhuxusha coking dalkan kaalinta saddexaad ee adduunka.

qiimaha alaabta ceeriin

In quarter labaad ee 2015 lagu arkay hoos u dhac ku yimid qiimaha for coking dhuxusha. shirkadaha dunida ee ugu weyn ee ay bixiyaan alaabta ceeriin qiimo taas oo ah at 5-10% ka hooseeya marka loo eego saddexdii bilood ee hore. Sidaas darteed, shirkadda South African Anglo American ayaa Japan ee dhuxusha coking waa ugu tayada sareeya for 116 USD halkii 1 ton. celceliska qiimaha 1 ton of dhuxusha coking waa 117 oo doolar.