Xabagta chlorine

Oxides ama oxides qaybaha kala duwan ee loo yaqaan xarunta la oxygen. Ku dhowaad dhammaan xubno foomka xeryahooda sida. Chloro, iyo sidoo kale halogens kale, lagu gartaa in xeryahooda sida gobolka qayilo wanaagsan. All oxides chlorine yihiin walxaha mid aad u kacsan, oo waa dabeecadda ee oxides of halogens. Afar walax loo yaqaan kuwaas oo u taagoo ku jira chlorine iyo oksijiin.

1. xarunta gaseous ka jaalaha ah inay guduudasho midabka leh ur sifo (ur gaas Cl2 garabaka) - xabagta chlorine (I). formula Chemical Cl2O. barta barafku ka mid ah laga jaray 116 ° C, heerkulka karkaraya + 2 ° C. Under xaaladaha caadiga ah, ay cufnaanta la mid yahay 3,22 kg / m³.
2. gaaska Yellow ama orange-jaalle ah oo leh ur sifo - xabagta chlorine (IV). ClO2 formula Kiimikada. barta barafku laga jaray 59 ° C, dhibic karaya oo lagu daray 11 ° C.
3. The dareere cas-brown - xabagta chlorine (VI). Cl2O6 formula Kiimikada. barta barafku daray 3,5 ° C, dhibic karaya oo lagu daray 203 ° C.
4. xabagta chlorine (VII) - Biyuhu saliid dareere ah. Cl2O7 formula Kiimikada. barta barafku jaray 91,5 ° C, dhibic karaya oo lagu daray 80 ° C.

chlorine Oxide gobolka qayilo +1 anhydride waa itaal daranyahay acid hypochlorous monobasic (HClO). Waxa diyaariyey habka ay Peluso xabagta mercuric by reaction la gaaska chlorine sida uu sheegay mid ka mid ah isla'egyada falcelin: 2Cl2 + 2HgO → Cl2O + Hg2OCl2 ama 2Cl2 + HgO → Cl2O + HgCl2. qulquli xaaladaha ka mid ah dareen diidmo oo kala duwan. xabagta Koloriin (I) waxaa aruurshey heerkulka a of laga jaray 60 ° C maxaa yeelay, at heerkul ka sareeya waxaa explosively decomposes, iyo qaab u xoog yahay waxyaabaha qarxa. Cl2O xal aqueous helay koloriin biyo ama alkali carbonates, macdanaha dhulka xumadoodu. Oxide kala diray si fiican u biyo, kuna waari dhexdeeda acid hypochlorous waxaa la aasaasay: Cl2O + H2O ↔ 2HClO. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, waxaa sidoo kale kala diri ee tetrachloride carbon.

chlorine Oxide qayilo gobolka +4 kale loo yaqaano dioxide. Qoraalkan waxaa la kala diri ee biyaha, sulfuric iyo acids acetic, acetonitrile, tetrachloride carbon, iyo qase kale organic la sii kordhaya polarity taas oo kordhinaysa ay milmi. In shaybaarka waxaa la diyaariyey by ficil chlorate potassium la oxalic acid: 2KClO3 + H2C2O4 → K2CO3 + 2ClO2 + CO2 + H2O. Tan iyo xabagta chlorine (IV) waa shay qarxa, ma lagu kaydin karaa xal. Ujeedada this, silica waxaa loo isticmaalaa, on kuwaas oo dusha foomka adsorbed ClO2 lagu kaydin karaa waqti dheer, halka aan awoodin in laga takhaluso wasakheysa nijaasta chlorine ay, tan iyo markii aan la nuugo gel silica ah. In ClO2 xaaladaha warshadaha diyaariyey by yareynta la baaruud dioxide in joogitaanka acid sulfuric, sodium chlorate: 2NaClO3 + SO2 + H2SO4 → 2NaHSO4 + 2ClO2. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida bleach ah, tus, warqad ama cellulose, iwm, iyo sidoo kale nadiifiye ah oo jeermi-qalabka kala duwan.

chlorine Oxide qayilo gobolka +6, waxa decomposes sida ay isla'eg falcelinta dul barafku: Cl2O6 → 2ClO3. xabagta Diyaar chlorine (VI) oksidheeyeyaal dioxide Allena: 2O3 + 2ClO2 → 2O2 + Cl2O6. xabagta Tani waa awood ficil xal xumadoodu iyo biyo. Xaaladdan oo kale reaction disproportionation ah dhacaan. Tusaale ahaan, by reaction la hydroxide potassium: 2KOH + Cl2O6 → KClO3 + KClO4 + H2O, chlorate natiijada helay iyo perchlorate potassium.

xabagta Higher chlorine sidoo kale loo yaqaan chlorine dihlorogeptaoksid ama anhydride waa oxidant xoog leh. Waa awood u pin ama qarxi marka kululeeyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, walax tani waa deganaanshaha badan oxides ee gobolka qayilo ka +1 oo +4. waxaa burbur ay u chlorine iyo oxygen waxaa la dedejiyey by joogitaanka oxides hoose oo kor u kacda heerkulka 60 ilaa 70 ° C. xabagta Koloriin (VII) oo awood u leh si tartiib ah L. biyo qabow, dareen-celin ka dhalanaya soo saarta chloric acid: H2O + → Cl2O7 2HClO4. Dihlorogeptaoksid diyaariyey si tartiib ah kulaylinta perchloric acid la anhydride phosphoric: P4O10 + 2HClO4 → Cl2O7 + H2P4O11. Cl2O7 sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo oleum halkii pentoxide fosfooraska.

Qaybta chemistry imanba, oo daraasaad oxides halogeen, oo ay ku jiraan oxides, chlorine, waxay bilaabeen in ay horumariyaan si degdeg ah sannadihii la soo dhaafay, tan iyo markii ay xeryahooda kuwanu waa tamar degdeg ah. Waxay awoodaan inay combustors waa jet tamarta kala iibsiga ugala iyo ilo hadda kiimikada xawaaraha ay recoil waxaa kormeeraya oo koontaroolaya laga yaabaa. Sabab kale oo danta - waa wax macquul ah ee synthesizing kooxaha cusub ee xeryahooda ka imanba, tus, xabagta chlorine (VII) waa progenitor ee perchlorates.