Xaggee ku taxadiri Moscow in Gogol? Gogol taallo on Gogol Boulevard: story

In Russia ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa oo dhan cayn kasta oo sanamyo dagaal moodada iyo haybadda leh. Prince Vladimir, asaasidda Masiixiyada, Maanshaynay webiga badan oo Perun, laakiin hadda Faracoodii Ukraine oo dhan uu reebay isdifaaci Vladimir Ilyich.

"Iyada oo haween-Yagami halgan nikchemushnaya"

In Federation Ruush ah, si lama filaan ah ka walwalsan ah oo ku saabsan taallo si ay Gogol. Monument in taliskii Soviet in Boulevard hore Prechistensky (hadda Gogol) ee March 2014 waxaa la go'aamiyay in guuriso, iyo in ay meel dib jir ka shaqeeya Andreeva, kaas oo halkan dhisay markii hore, ka dib 1909.

Loo dhanyahay ee bulshada arrintan ma. Mid ka mid ah muwaadiniinta ay aaminsan yihiin in waxa fiican in uu ka tago wax maadaama ay yihiin, kan kalena wuxuu u xiiseynayey in ay "celin caddaalad taariikhi ah", ma doonaya in la tixgeliyo oo la tixgelin wax ka mid ah dantiisa, mana xaqiiqada nolosha ku wareegsan (ka dib oo dhan, xilligan ay jirto wax dhibaato ah oo aad u muhiim ah in Russia). Qof, laga yaabee, ma nacay, laakiin waxa uu joojiyay by sababaha dhaqaale Gaarna: khubaradu in la xidho oo la halkan iyo halkaas dhismayaasha la mid ah - oo aan raaxo ah oo raqiis ah.

Ka dib markii Pushkin

The mid taallo in Gogol ee Moscow, kuwaas oo hadda in ay ku noqdaan meeshii, bulshada horumar go'aansaday inuu u simanahay aniga ee August 1880. Sanadkan furay taallo Aleksandru Sergeevichu Pushkinu on Tverskoy Boulevard. Waxay nafteeda armuu la dhagaystayaasha ilmada farxad ah iyo dareen, oo markiiba waxaa ka jiray dunida kuwaas oo doonaya in ay bixiyaan canshuurtii, iyo Nikolayu Vasilevichu Gogolyu. taallo ayaa waxaa la qorsheeyay in la furo for guuradii kontonaad uu dhintay - in 1902, laakiin ma uusan haysan waqti. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in ku dhow isla markiiba lagu dhawaaqey Times ah si kor loogu qaado lacagta, kiiska way xasilloonayd, waayo, wakhti dheer.

Eedeymaha dulun iyo gaabis ah, dhawaaqaysa ka bushimaha tirooyinka qaar ka mid ah (M. Kuraeva, gaar ahaan), waa dhif ah oo si fiican u qalmay: on taallo in ay Aleksandru Sergeevichu si deg deg ah soo ururiyey (tiradaasi classic si fiican u yaqaan oo dhan u muuqday labaatan sano ka dib bilowgii lambarka), laakiin sidoo kale Nikolai ma ka dibna si bakhayli.

Ha waqti haysan for guuradii, isku day for guuradii ah

The industrialist Ruush caan ah, Demidov yaboohay copper "sida loogu baahdo" oo xitaa kor u siiyey shan kun. Waxaa jiray macaamiisha kale. By 1890, nolaleed ee abuurista guddi gaar ah oo ku saabsan dhismaha taallo ah, laakiin ma aha in si gaar ah si dhaqso ah, halka 1893 Emperor qudhiisu uma uu sheegin in "dardar-".

Waxa aan ka shaqeeyey si ugu dhakhsaha badan, laakiin xubnaha Golaha qadariyo ugu danbeyn lagu qabtay taxane ah oo shirarka iyo go'aamiyey qofka kan waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd in ay "tag on dhismaha taallo ah." Waxa xiiso leh, magiciisuna wuxuu ahaa sanka AN. Just been ah sort qaar ka mid ah.

Calashaan, ku adag tahay, waxaan qabtay tartan for shaqada ugu fiican, laakiin midkoodna Dakatu lama soo jiitay guddiga. Waxaa caddaatay in aanu si dhakhso ah u guurto, ku eegan socdo sanadka 1909 - centenary ee dhalashada Nikolayu Vasilevichu Gogolyu waxaa la dilay. Monument, ma bisil in guuradii dhimashada, ay noqon lahaayeen kuwa aad u anfacaya.

sculptor shaki, mashruuca sugina

Wali lama oga waxa wadahadalo fadhisay horreeyey ansixinta mashruuca Andreev, laakiin codeeyay waxaa loogu talagalay si wadajir ah (on shuruudaha, ka hadlay guddiga, hal cod ka dhanka diiday ansaxinta qaby-qoraalka). Waxaa laga yaabaa in xalka runtii lagu qasbay, waqtiga wax ku dhowaad Doorasho ma. Sidaas daraaddeed, walbahaar qeybtii, shaqada dhismaha uu bilaabmey, si weyn loo daboolay by saxaafadda oo keeni dood noole ka mid ah Muscovites ah.

Si aad u bilowdo aqoonsiga qoraaga su'aalo. wakiilada u fiican oo farshaxanka ee waayahaas Opekushin Repin iyo mahad talantigii ka mid ah sculptor dhallinyarada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadweynaha shakiyey: yar waayo-aragnimo ah ee dhismaha taxadiri.

Wax yar ka hor furitaanka of naqdi ah si fiican u yaqaan Sergey Yablonovskii magacaabaa taalladii ah calaamad u ah "mid laga cabsado oo aad looga baqo," iyo muujiyay ra'yi ah in "waxa badan oo aadan rabin in aad." Sida biyaha eegay!

Waxaana soo bandhigistaan ididiilo of mashearulxaraam

Si aad u furato taallo in Gogol ee Moscow la qorsheeyay la iclaamiyay dadkii weyn, inkastoo aan jirin oo aan (waa in la ogaadaa) bungling caadiga ah: rostrum gaar ah ka taagay meel dembi ka ahaayeen gariir, iska si ay u isticmaalaan la mamnuucay. Maxaa yeelay, sawiro ka soo furitaanka waxaa lagu arki karaa at cagta ee dhaqdhaqaaqa ka cajiib ah oo kaliya furay mashearulxaraam, iyo soo socda -. Ha "Saf muuqaal ah" ma Bilowgii ma sidoo Tanina ...

Dareenka sababay mashearulxaraam, mar maratay kala qaybsan. Dad badan ayaa go'aansaday (Repin, tusaale ahaan), in iyaga ka hor inta - a la taaban karo shaqada farshaxanka, laakiin dad badan helay taallo in ay iska tufi a dhabta ah ee waara.

qaloocsan Gogol

farshaxan The gaysteen oo nin, gebi ahaanba ku duudduubtay oo dhar oo kale, iyada oo madaxa foororshay hooseeyo. U sujuuday absurdly ay hal dhinac u dhacday, Gogol ahaa oo kursi ku fadhiya oo waa muuqashadii Weltschmerz oo caan sanka dheer ku dhowaad taabtay jilbo joogay isagoo. taallo duniyooyinka strips copper Tetrahedral - a Bas-gargaarka waxaa ku taswiiran shaqsiyadaha shuqullada caanka ah ee qoraaga. Oo iyana ma ay keeni dhaleeceyn. Laakiin tiradaasi ee classic ah!

epigram muunad u dhacay, "Andreev laga sameeyey Gogol" Sanka The "iyo" jubbad dheer ayaa, ""; "Gogol, hunched badan, oo fadhiya, Pushkin, Gogol ee u qalantaa."

Ka qeyb galay furitaanka naagtii Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo, Sofya Andreyevna, waxaan helay mashearulxaraam "karaahiyada ah" (sida ku qor shakhsiga ah iyo ku qoray). Waxay jeelyihiin in farxad leh in ninkeeda weyn, weyn Classics suugaanta adduunka, halkaas tiir xusuus ah jeclaan.

dunida oo dhan rabshado waannu baabbi'in ...

In kala duwan this, iyo waxaan halkan joogay dib u eegista badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in la beddelo taallo yah in Gogol ninna u socday, oo wuxuu ahaa bilowga Gogol Boulevard, ilaa xad ay suurtogal tahay, ilaa maantadan la joogo, haddii sannaddii toddoba iyo tobnaad oo qarnigii la soo dhaafay si ay awood uma iman "qabiilka dhallinyaro ah, oo aan la garaneyn," oo ma ay qaadan in ay go'aan ka destinies ee dalka (iyo taxadiri) hab cusub.

Gogol taallo on Gogol Boulevard socday ku kacaan, shan iyo soddon sannadood ka dib iyo inta lagu jiro waqti in uu ahaa weerar, waxa uu noqonayaa mid maalinta oo dhan ah shar ka sii by maalin. Sababta ahaa, sida laga soo xigtay ilo qaar ka mid ah, tiradaasi laaban yihiin oo ka mid ah Classics suugaanta on neerfaha si aad u Joseph Vissarionovich, si joogto ah lagu qasbay in ay ka nixi skosobochennomu taallo Gogol waxaa dhab ah oo ku saabsan habka ay u dacha ee Kuntsevo, halkaas degeen xoghayaha guud ee Soviet ilaahay.

War la qoraa copper

Kumanaan ka mid ah haykalkeeda, doonaya in ay ka farxiyaan hogaamiyaha la jecel yahay, joogay aan sameeyey "laadadka" Abuuridda Andreev. The sculptor Soviet caanka Vera Mukhina (author of caanka ah ee "Shaqaalaha iyo Farm Collective") ku eedeeyay taallo ee farqi ah xaqiiqada ku xeeran. Waxay sheegeen in hal mar waxaa jiray sabab ay murugo ee Gogol - jahli kibir Saarka iyo kuwa kale, oo haatan wax murugo leh in marka ku nool dalka uu noqday "madadaalo fiican iyo in ka badan?"

Marka ugu horeysa kala furfuraan taallo Gogol yah in Moscow aysan qorshaynaynin - kaliya u maleeyeen in la dhiso mid kale dhamaadka kale oo laba jibbaaran. Yaa goolal feedh miiska la aqoon, laakiin sanadkii 1952, sannad-guuradii th 100 uu dhintay, furay taallo cusub, waa mid aad u kala duwan oo ka soo hore ee Moscow.

Weli, waayo guuradii!

Taariikhda la ansixiyo mashruuca mar kale ahaa qaar ka mid ah gudcur ku guuleystay tartanka waxaa salaaxidda xukumada (milkiilaha shan Stalin Abaal!) Sculptor Tomsky, kuwaas oo markii dambe isugu qirtay in Gogol taallo on Gogol Boulevard ee uu qoray saraaxad xun. Marmarsiiyo u degdegay, oo waxay yidhaahdaan, ma waqti ay ku sameeyaan more tayo leeyihiin, maxaa yeelay, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u sii on shuruudaha ahaa - in sanad guuradii boqol dhimasho ah ee qoraaga.

Ka dib markii ay soo bandhigeen ee natiijada shaqada ee sannadlaha ah mar kale ka qarxay wax u eg fadeexad. Maxaa yeelay, halkaas tiir xusuus ah u-dhashay cusub N. V. Gogolyu, dadweynaha naxay (iyo naxdin). Haddaba qoraaga taallo weyn oo leh qorniinkan qeyr wayn "From dowladda Soviet" (oo aan daalin ee samaynta xiiso for in ka badan nus qarni ah) ka dhacay ba'an kale, si ay ugu bedesho buka, Classics Quusta ahayd nooc ka mid ah "macalinka qoob" faraxsan - dhoola, in cape gaaban dheel. Qaar ka mid ah waxaa loo arkaa mar ah "masterpiece" gabayada caricature, iyo dad toogtay ilaa epigrams dhamayta.

taalada ayaa sidoo kale noqon kartaa faraxsaneyn

Monument Andreev kala dhantaashay sida ugu horreysa ee 1951, si ay meesha si xor ah u dhisi cusub, taallo u taagnaadaan-ilaa Gogol (yaa gudashada lahaa guusha farshaxanka badan xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee madow).

Marka ugu horeysa, "ma topic murugo" Copper Nikolai xitaa dili doonto (diri dhalaalay), laakiin shaqaalaha Museum Moscow ee Architectural mucjisooyin badbaadiyey farshaxanka. In dhamaadka waxaa jiray tixraaca kooban. Ilaa 1959, Taalladaas la kaydin disassembled in laan ka mid ah matxafka waxa uu ku yaalaa Donskoy ka keniisad hore: halkan helay hoy badan tiradaasi rabin farshaxan nidaamka marmar Soviet la guriyo u halaagnay kaniisadaha Moscow, tusaale ahaan.

In 1959, ee "murugo" qoraaga in Moscow noqday wuxuu helay guriga taas oo uu ku noolaa sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa (guriga iska lahaa Tiri A. Tolstoy). Dayidiisii sheegaya in dhibcood qaar on Nikitsky Boulevard loo arki karaa fadhiya oo taallo taagan in Gogol waqti isku mid ah. Waqti uu shuqulka Tomsk in loo isticmaalo, in dhismaha 1952 arkay iyo sharaf, garashada, tusaale ahaan, in waxa fiican in aad ku haboon u fiiriyaan casriga ah ee aagga.

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in fikradda ah baabba 'oo ka mid ah taxadiri xilligii Soviet badan ma jecla, hadda waa on the "oo xiiso leh" Nikolai Vasilyevich hanjabay. Isla mar ahaantaana, khubarada ayaa sheegaya in isku day ah inuu ku soo laabto taallo taariikhiga ah in ay meel waa ben la dhibaatooyin lama filaan ah: dhismaha waa arrin jir ah, inta lagu guda jiro gaadiidka waxa uu dhaawici karaa - waxaa wanaagsan in uu ka tago wax maadaama ay yihiin. Weli, ma suurtowdo in la xaqiiqada ah in laba ka mid ah taallo in ay Gogol doodi - waa ka fiican tahay ma jiro.