Far Eastern Tareenka: Taariikhda iyo sifooyinka

Far Eastern Tareenka - rakaabka iyo xamuulka wadada ugu weyn ee ay u xiri xarunta of Russia meelaha ku dhagan Badweynta Pacific. Currently, qiimaha line this ay adag tahay in ay qiimayn dheeraad. In ka badan qarni taariikhda Bariga Fog Tareenka waa oo xiiso ma aha oo kaliya, waayo dunida, laakiin sidoo kale daryeela oo ku saabsan ee la soo dhaafay ee dalka oo dhan.

gocasho

Fikradda ah dhismaha line a tareenka cusub waxaa muddo dheer - aad u fidiyey ahaayeen isgaarsiinta, oo kharribma bixinta badeecadaha dalalka fog ee boqortooyada. In 1886, Guddoomiyaha guud ee Eastern Siberia iyo gobolka Amur ayaa la Yimaadeen soo jeedinta in la dhiso khadadka tareen dheeraad ah oo ka soo Tomsk iyo Vladivostok in degsiimooyinka fog. By bartamihii 1887-jeedinta this ayaa horay lagaga wada hadlay kulanka wasiir degaanka ee koonfurta Siberia loo diray duulaan injineernimada in la baaro waxaa macquul ah oo ka mid ah mashruuca iyo waxbarasho ee waqtiga hirgelintiisa.

horyaal A iyo injineer

Far Eastern Tareennada leeyahay wax badan in mid ka mid ah ugu horraysay ee injineerada ay. magaca dhisaa hore ee Railway Far Bari ayaa u muuqan waxayan illoobay. Haddaba waxay ahayd Alexander Ivanovich Ursati lahaa sharafta ugu horeysay ka gudubtaan oo dhan jidka dheer ka Comtal in Vladivostok. siyaabo kala duwan iyagoo jidka wadada u tuulooyinka yaryar iyo beeraha oo Dhago Beeleen reer guuraaga ah, injineer tareenka dhismaha wadada iyo bartay dhul on kaas oo lagu qaban doono Far Eastern Railway. Nasiib darro, taariikhda, ma jiro oo ka mid ah saldhigyada tareenka line aan loo magacaabay in uu sharaf.

Fulinta mashruuca

Markii hore, khadka tareenka qorsheeyey loo yaqaan Ussuri ah. Noocan oo kale ah horyaalka iyadu by weyn oo ku guuleystay Ussuri River, oo mara dhulka ballaaran ee Primorsky Krai - ka Khabarovsk in Vladivostok. Dhanka kale, laba sirqoollada ayaa la qorsheeyay line: qayb laan North Ussuriiskaya daboolay by Art. Grafskaya in Khabarovsk. Qaybta koonfurta waxaa loo qorsheeyay si uu u hoggaamiyo ka saldhiga isku Vladivostok. saarin rasmi ah ee tareenka ugu horeysay lagu qabtay 1891 ee Vladivostok, iyadoo ay wada joogaan qoyska boqortooyada iyo xubno ka tirsan golaha wasiirada. dhagax dhigay ayaa waxaa la dhigay on saldhigga Vladivostok ku Tsarevich Nicholas - mustaqbalka Emperor Nicholas II of Russia.

Qaybaha ugu horeysay

In 1892, Russia bilaabay inuu si toos ah dhismaha waddooyinka tareennada. Madaxa mashruuca ayaa loo xil saaray OP Vyazemsky - dhisaha khibrad leh ayaa u shaqayn jiray soddon sannadood ee qaybo kala duwan ee Russia. At goobaha la doortay, shaqada jid loo sameeyey si uu u hoggaamiyo ka qalin of St. Petersburg Institute of Railway Injineerro. Waayo, gaadiidka oo ka mid ah waxyaabaha lagama maarmaanka ah la dhigi jiray kaabayaal waddooyinka wasakh, taasi oo markii dambe u noqday halbowlayaasha gaadiidka muhiim ah oo ka dhan ah Territory Primorsky.

Dhibaatada asaasiga ah si lama filaan ah kacay arrinta shaqaalaha dhismaha. Dadka deegaanka waxay ahaayeen wax aad u yar - lahaa in ay ku lug leeyihiin maxaabiista loo musaafuriyay oo askari. By 1895 tirada dadka u adeegaya weedho sababo dembiyada iyo siyaasadeed, wuxuu ahaa ku saabsan 11 kun oo Man.. Dadkaas iyaga ah, xeryaha joogto ah ayaa waxaa la aasaasay, oo ka kooban xeryaha, dhismayaasha badbaadinta, bad, cuntada iyo ilaalo munaarado. Sida askartii, waxay ahaayeen gaadiid badda koonfurta wadada dheer ka Odessa guud Atlantic iyo Badweynta Hindiya. Dabaasha qaadataa dhowr bilood, oo ay la socdaan inay Cadha daraadeed ee safmar ah kulaylaha. Ahaado final ahayd Vladivostok.

Thanks to shaqada daniiste askar iyo maxaabiista ee 1894 lagu riday hawlgalka Yuzhno-Ussuri laan waddada, laakiin sidoo kale qaybta waqooyi ee wadada ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey saddex sano ka dib. boosteejada tareenka Far Eastern daboolan gobolka Amur iyo Bariga Fog, wuxuu yimid jiritaanka.

saldhigyada tareenka

Ussuriysk wadada jir ah version asalka lahaa 39 saldhigyada. iyaga ka mid ah - saldhigga Ruzhino aasaasay by waddanka u soo guurey ka, Ukraine ee Art. Manzovka (hadda Sibirtsevo), Art. Busse, loo magacaabay in sharaf of sarkaal Ruush iyo sahamisa N. V. Busse Bariga Fog. Ha illoobin kormeerayaal xagga iyo injineerada rayidka ah: Magacyada su'aaalo Rozengarda VS Ilovaisky, V. V. Gedike ayaa loo magacaabay qaybaha ka Khabarovsk in bikinis. Haddaba Far Eastern Tareenka ayaa 358 saldhigyada ka hawlgala on qaybaha kala duwan track.

sifooyinka Dhaqaalaha iyo juqraafi ee Bariga Fog Railway

Currently, Eastern Fog Tareenka ayaa ku dhowaad 7470 km oo dhererkeedu yahay tirada guud ee siyaabo iyaga ka mid ah in hawlgal joogto ah ka sii badan yihiin 6000 km. Juquraafi, jid this maraa shan gobol oo bariga fog - Amur AD, ee gobolka Yuhuudda Banaan, in Territory Primorsky iyo Khabarovsk, waxa ay leedahay faracyo Jamhuuriyadda Sakha. saamaynta ay ku faafaya in gobollada kale ee Bariga Fog. Just meel saamayn Far Eastern waa in ka badan 40% ka mid ah dhulka ee Ruushka.

Far Eastern tareenada xuduud line tareenka saldhigga Hani East Siberian iyo saldhigyada on weerar iyo Arkhara soo biiray in ay tareenka Zabayskalskoy. dhererka oo dhan ay waddo Dhinacyada kala qaybsan yihiin afar qaybood, kuwaas oo dusha kala waaxaha kala duwan, midoobeen dalladda ah ee "Far Eastern Railway." Khabarovsk - Waaxda NOD1, Vladivostok - NOD2, Komsomolsk - NOD3 iyo Tynda - NOD4. Intaa waxaa dheer, Far Eastern Railway conventionally kala qeybiyey laba qeybood oo waaweyn - Dabcan waqooyiga latitudes iyo ugu muhiimsan. Waxay ku xiran yihiin stretch yar oo rokadnymi track: Komsomolsk-Volochaevka-2, Tynda-Sturm, Lime-Urgal. Tani waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad si ay u abuuraan kolonyo logistics oo dhan mareenka.

tareenada qiimaha Far

sifooyinka Gundhiga Bariga Fog Railway siin sabab ay aad uga fiirsada sida mid ka mid ah saadka waaweyn iyo wadooyinka rakaabka ee gobolka. In ka badan 2015 ee la soo dhaafay in jidadka tareennada Far Bari ayaa lagu soo qaado in ka badan 42 kun. Tan oo xamuul oo ku saabsan 5000 oo qof ayaa ka faa'iideystey wadada adeegga Bariga Fog sida rakaab ah. Laf bixiyaa gaadiidka muhiimada gudaha iyo kuwa caalamiga ah - in ay hawlgalka siman ee Japan ganacsatada xiiso, Mongolia, Korea iyo China, kuwaas oo ay ka iibiyaan badeecada ee dalkeenna. maamulka xamuul waa la fuliyay ka xarun ay gacanta ku hal ku yaalla magaalada Khabarovsk.

Far halbowlaha tareenka East kasbatay degan meel keentay in darajayn ee gaadiidka badeecadaha dhoofiyo oo laga keeno, kaas oo lagu xisaabiyo oo ku saabsan saddex meelood meel wadarta gaadiidka xamuulka ee Federation Ruush ah iyo in ka badan rubuc ka mid ah Transit ee alaabta laga keeno dalalka kale. Thanks to logistics dardargelisay DVZhD sheegay Office in 2016 wadooyinka Far Eastern jid la qorsheeyey in ay qaadaan in ka badan 116 milyan oo tan oo xamuul ah in cinwaanka ka mid ah dekedaha Badweynta Pacific. isbeddellada wanaagsan ee koritaanka ganacsiga ee waddamada dariskeeda bariga kalsooni saadaalin karaa koror weyn oo gaadiidka tareenada ee mustaqbalka dhow.

maamulka

Sida of 2015 tirada shaqaalaha ka mid ah Bariga Fog Railway ahaa ka badan 40 kun oo qof. Dadka ka shaqeeya adeega oo waddada weyn this. jid Tani waxay siinaysaa dadka shaqooyinka deegaanka iyo kalsoonida mustaqbalka.

Management of Bariga Fog Tareenka waa si toos ah hoos timaada JSC "Tareennada Ruush" oo waa laan dhismaha. Chief ka mid ah Railway Far Eastern qaadataa Maklygin 2015 N. Intii uu isaga hoggaaminayay yihiin goobaha oo dhan ka shaqeeya, kuwaas oo ka hawlgala Bariga Fog Railway. Cinwaanka DVZhD xafiiska - Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Territory. control kala duwan dhul leeyihiin maamulka.

Software ammaanka

Sida laga soo xigtay madaxa maamulka Khabarovsk Far Bari, hawlgalka iyo ka hortaga amaan jidadka Far Eastern Tareenka waa mudnaan. In 2015, on shabakad wadada bariga fog uu ka diiwaangashan 18 xaaladaha degdegga ah, taas oo saddex qof ku dhinteen. shilalka Dhammaan ahaayeen gardarrada ah darawalada ka shaqeeya baabuurta iyo xadgudubka sharciyada gaadiidka.

Goobta ammaanka goobta weerar loo doortay jidka marayo-Nogliki arrimo. Si aad u sawiri fiiro gaar ah u cawaaqibka non-waafaqsan xeerarka ammaanka gaadiidka tareenka ku riday meel kaga tageen dhowr baabuur, jabay shilka. Sayidka shaqaalaha tareenka ayaa isku dayay in ay xasuusiso darawallada khatarta taas oo la socon darawalka ee isgoyska of tracks. Ka sokow shaqaalaha ka qaybgalay tallaabada shaqaalaha bilayska taraafikada iyo wakiillo ka socda "Shirkada Gaadiidka" Municipal Mideysan Enterprise.