Ogsijiin iyagoo ee dabiiciga ah. wareegga oxygen ee dabiiciga ah

Tan iyo dhalashada of chemistry Dadka caddaatay in wax walba ka kooban yahay maaddo oo ka kooban oo ka mid ah xubno ka kiimikada. kala duwan ee qalabka la siiyaa xeryahooda kala duwan ee xubno ka fudud. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, furan oo waxay galeen in miiska wareegsan ee Mendeleev 118 xubno ka kiimikada. iyaga ka mid ah waa in aan ku xuso dhowr ah oo hoggaamineed, joogitaanka kaas oo lagu qeexay by muuqaalka kore ee nolosha organic on Earth. Liiska waxaa ka mid ah: nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, baaruud, iyo fosfooraska.

Oksijiin: taariikhda daahfurka

All walxahaasi, iyo sidoo kale tiro ka mid ah dadka kale, ayaa qeyb ka ah horumarinta horumar nolosha on dhulkeenna qaab kaas oo aan hadda ka markhaati. Dhammaan qaybaha of ogsijiin ah waa in nooca ka badan xubno kale. Ogsijiin sida wax u gaar ah ayaa loo furay August 1, 1774 Dzhozefom Pristli. Intii lagu guda jiray diyaarinta tijaabada qiyaasta hawada of mercury by kulaylinta isticmaalaya gelis caadiga ah, wuxuu helay in shumac ayaa gubta ololkii aan caadi ahayn oo dhalaalaya.

Muddo dheer, Priestley isku dayeen in ay ka heli sharaxaad macquul ah, waana taas daraaddeed. Oo wakhtigaas, magaca "hawada labaad" ayaa la siiyey in this ifafaale. Waxbaa ka hor, hindisa reer gujis AK Drebbel qarnigii hore XVII gaar oxygen iyo waxa loo isticmaalaa in aad neefsato in uu been abuurtay. Laakiin tijaabo ma uu saamayn fahamka ee doorka ka ciyaaray by oxygen ee dabiiciga ah ee tamarta ee noolaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saynisyahano, si rasmi ah u furay oxygen helay farmashiyaha Faransiis Antuan Loran Lavuaze. Waxaa soo noqnoqda tijaabo iyo Priestley fahamsan yahay in gaaska la xirrira waa element gaar ah.

Ogsijiin sameynayso la walxaha ku dhowaad dhammaan fudud oo adag oo aan ka ahayn gaasaska inert iyo biraha sharaf leh.

ogsijiin iyagoo ee dabiiciga ah

Ka mid ah dhammaan qaybaha ee dhulkeenna degan saamiga ugu weyn ee ogsijiin. qaybinta ogsijiin ee dabiiciga ah waa mid aad u dabacsan. Oo waa hadiyad qaab xidhxidhan, iyo sidoo kale in lacag la'aan ah. Sida caadiga ah, isagoo oxidant xoog leh, waa xaalad xidhxidhan. Ogsijiin iyagoo ee dabiiciga ah sida element gaar ah furan duubay oo keliya in jawiga of caalamka.

Ku jira foomka of gaaska iyo ka dhigan tahay xidhiidhka ka mid ah laba atamka oxygen. Waxaa ku saabsan 21% ka mid ah mugga guud ee jawiga.

Ogsijiin hawada, marka lagu daro qaab caadiga ah, waxay leedahay qaab ah isotropic qaab Allena. Britain Allena wuxuu ka kooban yahay saddex atamka oxygen. Midabka buluuga ah ee samada toos ah ula xidhiidha joogitaanka xarunta this jawi sare. Sababo la Allena, ka our qorraxda radiation-mowjadaha gaagaaban adag u nuugo oo uma hesho in ay dusha sare.

Maqnaanshaha Lakabka Allena nolosha organic ay burbureen lahaa, la mid ah cuntooyinka la shiilay ee microwave ka.

Meeraha ayaa hydrosphere element this waa qaab ku xidhan laba taagoo of hydrogen iyo foomamka biyaha. Tirada oxygen in badaha, iyo badaha, webiyada iyo dhulka waxa lagu qiyaasaa ku saabsan 86- 89%, iyada oo la tixgelinayo cusbada kala diri.

In oxygen qolof ah waa qaab xidhxidhan, oo waa element ugu badan. Its share wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 47%. ogsijiin isagoo dabeecadda aan ku xaddidnayn iaydoo ee caalamka, this item ku jira oo dhan u khuduuca organic. Its share in celcelis ahaan gaadho 67% culayska guud ee xubno ka oo dhan.

Ogsijiin - ku saleysan nolosha

Sababo la xiriira hawlaha oksidheeyeyaal sare ogsijiin ku filan si dhaba isku daraa waxyaabaha iyo walxaha la xirrira oxides ugu. element awoodda lagu qayilo High bixiyaa habka a si fiican u yaqaan gubanayso. Ogsijiin waxaa sidoo kale ku lug leh geeddi-socodka lagu qayilo gaabis ah.

doorka oxygen ee dabiiciga ah sida wakiilka xoog leh oksidheeyeyaal dhiibno in geeddi-socodka hawlaha muhiimka ah ee noolaha. Iyada oo nidaamka kiimikada, wakiilada qayilo, sii daayo tamarta. organisms Her ku nool ay isticmaalaan ay hab-nololeedka.

Geedaha - il of ogsijiin in jawiga

Marka marxaladdan hore ee formation of jawiga of ogsijiin meeraha our goob joog ka ahaa gobolka xidhxidhan qaab carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide). Waqti ka, dhirta waxay ahaayeen awood u aadeen carbon dioxide.

Hawlgalkani waxa loo sameeyey mahad suurto gal ah in ah ee photosynthesis. Waqti ka, in koorsada nolosha ee dhirta for malaayiin sano ee dhulka jawi ururtay xaddi weyn oo oxygen free.

Sida laga soo xigtay saynisyahano, ee la soo dhaafay, ay miisaanka saamiga gaadhay 30%, iyo jeer badh in ka badan hadda. Geedaha, labada ee la soo dhaafay oo hadda, si weyn u saameeyay wareegga oxygen ah ee dabiiciga ah, sidaas bixiya noocyo kala duwan oo dhirta iyo ugaarta ee dhulkeenna.

qiimaha oxygen ee dabiiciga ah waa mid weyn, oo waa muhiim. nidaamka dheefshiidka duur waxa uu si cad oo ku salaysan joogitaanka oxygen in jawiga. In ay ka maqan, nolosha noqotaa wax aan macquul aheyn in foomka oo aan og nahay. Waxaa ka mid ah dadka deggan meeraha noqon doonaa anaerobic kaliya (awoodaan in ay ku noolaadaan iyada oo aan joogitaanka oxygen) noolaha.

Intensive wareegga oxygen ee dabiiciga ah ay shardi tahay in uu yahay in saddexda waddan ee xulkii in lagu biiriyo xubno kale. Sida oxidizer xoog leh, waxaa aad si fudud u dhaco ka soo foomka free-xiriira. Oo kaliya mahad dhirta, kaas oo lagu dhegay by carbon dioxide photosynthesis, waxaa lagu heli karaa qaab xor ah.

neefsashada xayawaanka iyo cayayaanka habka ku salaysan yahay helo oxygen furan falcelin qayilo-reduction ah, raaceen by helo tamarta si ay u bixiyaan shaqeeyo. qabka oxygen ee dabiiciga ah, ku xidhay oo lacag la'aan ah, waxay bixisaa hawl dhamaystiran muhiim ah oo dhan nolosha dhulka.

Evolution iyo "chemistry" ee caalamka

horumar nolosha meerahaas isku hallaysay oo sideeda oo gaar ah oo ka mid ah dhulka jawiga, halabuurka macdanta iyo biyaha ee gobolka dareere ah. Walxaha kiimikada ee qolof ah, jawiga iyo jiritaanka biyo oo kale noqday ku salaysan asalka ah ee nolosha adduunka iyo goostay jihada ee horumar ah ee noolaha.

Iyada oo ku saleysan heli karo horumar "chemistry" meeraha in carbon nololeed organic ku salaysan biyaha on sida a dareeraha, kiimikada yimid, iyo sidoo kale iyadoo la isticmaalayo oxygen sida oxidant ah in ay soo saaraan tamarta.

horumar kale

Marka marxaladdan ee sayniska casriga ah ma diidi suuragalnimada in nolosha deegaanno kale oo aan ahayn xaalado jidhadhka dhulka, halkaas oo aasaas u ah dhismaha Britain ah organic la tarin kartaa Silicon ama arsenic. dhexdhexaad A dareere ah sida dareeraha ah waxaa laga yaabaa in isku dar ah ee ammonia dareere la helium. Sida for jawiga, waxay ka kala muuqan kara qaab gaas hydrogen la wasakh ah ee helium iyo gaasaska kale.

Waa kuwee hababka dheefshiidka noqon kartaa xaaladaha sida in sayniska casriga ah weli ma awoodaan in ay qaabeeyaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, jihada this ee horumar nolosha waa wax la aqbali karo. Sida lagu tijaabiyo Waqtiga, aadanaha waxaa si joogto wajahay ballaarinta xuduudaha our fahamka dunida iyo nolosha waxa ku jira.