Shirkadda anti-khamriga Gorbachev ee: hal sano. Afkaarta on olole ka dhan ah khamriga ku hoos Gorbachev

olole ka dhan ah khamriga Gorbachev ayaa waxaa inta badan loo yaqaan "sharciga qalalan". Ereygani waxa uu tusinayaa mamnuuc ah (buuxa ama qayb ahaan) Sale walxaha kooban ethanol in xaddi weyn. marka laga reebo waxaa loo arkaa walxaha caafimaad, warshadaha iyo kuwa kale ujeedooyin la mid ah. Sidoo kale mamnuucay ma daawooyinka maado la content khamriga hooseeyo, sida sharoobada qufaca.

In USSR ee 1985 xilli waxa aan ahaa kuwii hore u jiray, laakiinse wax walba ka dhex soconayo xusuustay. Sidee wax ku ool ah ay ahaayeen falalka dowladda, waxaa laga heli karaa maqaalka.

Ololaha ka dhanka ah khamriga ee USSR

In taariikhda Midowga Soofiyeeti ee "Sharciga qalalan" loo dhigay dhowr jeer. Waxaan ku qaaday sano oo kala duwan:

• 1918-1923;
• 1929;
• 1958;
• 1972
• 1985-1990.

Waa maxay sababta shirkadda anti-khamriga Gorbachev noqday calaamad u ah fadhiidka ah ee ay ka qabno? First of dhan, waxaa ku xiran a dareemi yaraanta alaabta isticmaalka ballaaran, oo ay ku jiraan cunto. Ban khamriga ayaa sii xumaatay xaalad nafsi ah oo dadka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, go'aankan oo xukuumadda ka dalbaday in duruufaha in la aasaasay by waqtigan.

Ololaha shuruudaha 1985

waxbarashada la fuliyey ka hor bilowga xilli ciyaareedka, kaas oo shaaca ka qaaday musiibo tirada dalka. By 1984, isticmaalka khamriga ka badan 10 litir qofkiiba, halka xitaa pre-kacaan Russia ma ka badnaan 5 litir. Turjumay weelasha jeestay 90-100 sibraar oo khamri ah halkii qof weyn oo lab ah sanadkiiba. Under ee vodka khamriga, biir, khamri, vodka maldahan.

Fikrada ah hordhaca ah ee "Sharciga qalalan" noqday MS Solomentsev, EK Ligachev. Waxay, sida V. Yu. Andropov, ayaa ka dhaadhiciyay in sababta fadhiidka ah ee dhaqaalaha waa Khamriga weyn. Tani waa meesha xubnaha kadago arkeen hoos u dhac guud ee anshaxa iyo qiyamka anshaxa, iyo sidoo kale dayaca dadka in ay ka shaqeeyaan.

olole ka dhan ah khamriga Gorbachev ee ahaa weyn. Waayo, aawadiis of dagaalanka gobolka sakhraannimo go'aansaday in ay yareeyaan dakhliga laga helo iibka khamriga.

Waase in sharciga 1985

Sharcigu waxa uu dhaqan galay on 17.05.1985. In shirkad dadka anti-khamriga Gorbachev, sida hore loo sheegay, waxa la yidhaahdaa waa "sharciga qalalan".

Mashruucaan waxaa ku lug fulinta barnaamijka soo socda:

1. iibka Ban vodka in adeegga cuntada oo dhan (marka laga reebo ahaayeen maqaayado), kuwaasi oo ay ku yaalaan xarumaha ay, oo ka mid ah saldhigyada, garoomada diyaaradaha. Sidoo kale dhigayaa lagu ogolaan ee sale of vodka dhow shirkadaha warshadaha ee dhammaan noocyada dugsiyada, isbitaalada, goobaha madadaalada mass.
2. Cabitaanada aalkolada ah waa in la iibiyaa oo kaliya in dukaamada qaaska ah ama waaxda. Xaaladdan oo kale, tirada saraakiisha goostay iyaga u gaar ah, oo ku saabsan dhulka.
3. Ban iibinta khamriga dadka ka yar 21 sano.
4. Banneeyey xaqiijinta waqti xadidan. Khamriga waxaa laga iibsan karaa 14 ilaa 19 saacadood ee maalinta.
5. Waxaa la moodayay in ay yareeyaan xaddiga ee cabitaanka khamriga sannad kasta. By 1988, waxa ay si buuxda ayaa loo qorsheeyay joojiyaan wax soo saarka khamri raagay.
6. In masraxa, shineemada, telefishanka, on baahinta radio reebay si kor loogu qaado cabniinka.
7. Madaxda iyo xubnaha ka tirsan xisbiga waxa laga reebay, si xun khamriga halis ah ka saarida xisbiga.

tirakoobka

Its togan iyo taban ee shirkadda anti-khamriga ahaa Gorbachev. Year of bilowgiisa - 1985, iyo macluumaadka soo socda tirakoobka la ururiyey sanadkii 1988.

Dadka ka soo horjeeda ee xilli iyo doodaha ay

Wakiilada of mid ka mid ah xarumaha cilmi bandhigaan dood ay soo wac galay su'aal fikirrada wanaagsan oo ku saabsan ololaha anti-khamriga ah. Under Gorbachev yaraanta macmal ah loo abuuray. dadka kor u sameeyey khamriga si buuxda oo macmal ah. Sidaa darteed, in tirooyinkaa aanay ka tarjumaya waxqabadka dhabta ah.

Iyadoo la tixgelinayo korodhka heerka dhalmada, waxaa dheeraad ah oo la xidhiidha asalka guud dareen ah u kaca ee Manhajkooda ah, oo ballan qaaday in ay bedesho nolosha dadka wanaagsan.

Waxaa uu noqonayaa dhibaato halis ah ee intaas oo sannadood, qabatinka daroogada iyo maandooriye. Dadka qaarkood waxay ka khasaare khamriga daroogooyinka halista ah dambe dhaqdhaqaaqin. Dhimashada ka cudurrada wadnaha waa run ahaantii hoos u, laakiin korodhay tirada dhimashada ka isticmaalka daroogada.

Ka mid ah soo horjeeda waxay leeyihiin wax badan oo ka mid ah kuwa rumeeyey in falalka "mamnuuc" ma dalka aan waxba badbaadin ka Khamriga iyo isticmaalka wanaagsan, sharaabka oo tayo sare leh ka gudhisay.

Taageerayaasha oo ka mid ah "mamnuuc"

Akhristaha hore u ogyahay waxa sannad, Gorbachev qabtay koox burcad-khamriga. Waxaa la hordhaca ah "sharciga qalalan" ahaa, dhakhaatiir badan oo bilaabay in ay u dabaal yareynta tirada dhaawaca iyo jab, taas oo inta badan ku dhaca dadka jiraa xaalad sarkhaan.

Xitaa ka hor ansaxinta sharciga ah oo loogu talagalay in lagula dagaalamo sakhraannimo dadweynaha. Dadka iyaga abaabulaan, si dhab ah dacaayad fikradahooda. Iyana way yeeleen si iskood ah, fahamka khatarta ah ee total sakhraannimo dalka. Ololaha ayaa maqlana booska caqabad ka mid ah xubno ka mid ah kadago ah, lagu qabtay ficillada dadka layga muday kelyaha yeedhay xun xilli oo dhan.

quraafaad ah oo ku saabsan dhisayo beeraha canabka

markii qaar ka mid ah ka dib, Mikhail Gorbachev qirtay qaladaad. Sida ay olole ka dhan ah khamriga iyo dhinacyada ugu muhiimsan ee ay fulinta ma wax kasta oo si habsami leh u baxay, laakiin qaar badan oo ka mid ah qodobada ay ahaayeen awaalo oo kaliya dadka. Tani "duck" ayaa warbixin ku saabsan guud ahaan canabkiinna goynta. U dhow, kuwaas oo su'aalo dadka sheeganaya in ay dhab ahaantii waxaa laga sameeyey, laakiinse oo keliya helay takhaluso oo ka mid ah geedo canab ah oo gaboobay oo dibadeed.

Inta badan lagu dhoco sumcadda olole ka dhan ah khamriga iyo saraakiil kuwaas oo qaaday tallaabooyin jeclaysan oo ku saabsan dhulka. Tusaale ahaan, magaalooyin badan isla markiiba la xiray tiro badan oo ah warbaahinta oo cabbitaan khamri ah. Waxa intaa dheer in stamps oo dhan la Been abuurtay vodka iyo soo bandhigay fasax inay iska iibiso mid ka mid gacanta hal dhalo oo kaliya. Gorbachev ma saxiixin warqad bixinta tallaabooyin sida.

ololaha dumo

carada Mass "sharciga qalalan" ayuu ku bilaabay laba sano ka dib markii ay is-barashada. Inkasta oo la baabiiyo dhammaan amarrada ka dhacay oo keliya sanadkii 1990, mar hore 1987, iibinta khamriga bilaabay in ay kordhiyaan, iyo kor u qaadida firfircoon ee digtoon joojiyay.

In Russia oo casri ah, Gorbachev qiray khaladaadka ku jira ololaha anti-khamriga ah. Mar uu sheegay in sababtoo ah qaladaad la galay heshiis wanaagsan ingloriously dhamaaday.

falalka noocan oo kale ah ee xukuumaddu ay tahay in loo joojinayaa. Waayo, guul dhamaystirka koraan lahaa jiil cusub la fikradaha digtoon. falalka deg deg ah oo dagaal badan masuuliyiinta sida ugu sareysa, iyo duurka ayaa keentay in fikrad xun xilli oo dhan, waxay keeni dareen ah xuso dadka, oo sidaas daraaddeed ma noqonin mid horseeda in natiijo wanaagsan.