Shuhadada Alapayevsk. toogashada Maalinta qoyska boqortooyada. Horraysay iyo dayactirka

Shuhadada Alapayevsk yeedhay siddeed qof (lix ka mid ah Romanovs iyo laba dhow), dambi Bolsheviks dilay July 18, 1918. Waa walaalo, amiirradii reer Constantinovici dhiigga Imperial (John Constantine iyo Igor), Vladimir Paley, Sergey Vladimirovich, walaashiis of Feodorovna iyo Nuun Empress Elizaveta ku Varvara iyo kaaliyaha mid ka mid ah amiirradii oo Feodor Remez. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ayaa diiday, naftooda si ay habeenkii soo socda ka dib markii toogashada ah qoyska reer boqor ee Nicholas II.

Romanovs Link si Urals ah

Isla markii uu xilka, Bolsheviks ka bilaabeen inay jaraan qoyska boqortooyada hore. Townsfolk si fiican loogu qaddar naxdinta Nicholas II, xaaskiisa iyo caruurtiisa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, laba xitaa ka dib markii kacdoonkii ee Russia jiray waxyaabo badan oo ka mid ah qoyska Romanov iyo marka lagu daro Boqortooyada casishay. Horraantii 1918, dawladda Soviet la wareersan tihiin. Waxa uu sii waday dagaalka kula Germany, iyo ciidamada Jarmal ayaa u dhowaanin labadii taaj. Xaaladdan oo kale naxdinta leh, madaxda Bolshevik go'aansadeen in ay si qasab ah loo musaafuriyay Romanovs galay dalka, si ay u ma doondooni yaabaa a counter-kacaanka.

Dhamaadkii bishii March 1918 ku dhowaad dhammaan Shuhadada Alapayevsk ayaa loo diray Vyatka. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen amiirradii Constantine, John iyo Igor Konstantinovich Vladimir Pavlovich iyo Sergei Mikhailovich. Si dhakhso ah oo dhan oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa loo wareejiyay Ekaterinburg. Masiirka dadkii maxaabiisnimada ka maamula Ural ah Bolsheviks maxaliga ah, kuwaas oo tilmaamaha si toos ah oo ka socda dawladda ku helay Moscow iyo Petrograd.

qabashada Duchess Grand ah

In May 1918, oo ku saabsan amarrada riflemen Latvia First Carshiga Dzerzhinsky ah askartii iyo saraakiisha ammaanka ayaa qabtay Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna. Sister of Empress Alexandra ayaa lagu xiray waxay ku salaysan ee Convent Marfo-Mariinsky. Elizabeth Feodorovna lacagta oo dhan ku qaatay abuurista keniisad ka dib 1905 argagixisada ninkeeda la dilay - the Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich.

xiray ayaa ka dhacay maalintii saddexaad ee Easter. Waayo, intii nus saac ah ka hor inta keniisad ah Riflemen Latvia waxa booqday Wadaad ka Tikhon cusub ee la doortay. Waxa uu isku dayay in la sii daayo of Duchess Grand ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in kasta oo wax kasta, Elizabeth Feodorovna iyada ku xigeenka Varvara Yakovleva diray inay Yekaterinburg. Waxay ahayd joogista ee la soo dhaafay on xoriyadda wakiilka guriga hore ee talada haya. Diiradda Romanovs ee Urals ahaa tallaabo qorshaysan. hoggaanka Bolshevik wuxuu doonay inuu u diro hal meel si haddii loo baahdo si fudud loo tuurin qaddar ee xubno ka mid ah guri ammaan ah.

Jidka si Alapaevsk

April 30 Ekaterinburg keenay Nicholas II, iyo naagtiisii, iyo mid ka mid ah gabdhihiisii, Mary. Labo todobaad kadib gaaray magaalada xubnaha kale ee qoyska ee Boqortooyada. Bolsheviks The aad u badan oo ah Romanovs ka cabsadeen magaalada iyo go'aansadeen in ay iyaga u dajin. May 20 Shuhadada Alapayevsk gaaray Alapayevsk, waa 146 kiiloomitir u jirta Ekaterinburg.

In 1918 waxay ahayd magaalada 10000th leh 200 sano oo taariikhda. dejinta waxa uu ahaa mid ka mid ah I. Peter ku Alapaevsk curadkii metallurgy ku Ural ahaa xitaa xoogaa ka weyn Yekaterinburg. Inta badan oo dhan ayuu yiqiin ee brand ee birta saqafka, macmalay at dhirta deegaanka. City xiriiray tareenka Yekaterinburg iyo Nizhniy Tagil.

Telegrams in Moscow

Maxaabiistii la dhigay dugsiga oo ku taalla daafaha magaalada. Markii hore, waxayna ku raaxaysteen xorriyadda qaraabo - socon karin on Alapaevsk, kaniisadda aadaa, si ay u dhigma oo ha ka walaacin amnigooda. Romanovs inta badan ku nasanayso beerta, jebiyey dhow dugsiga, halkaas oo ay jecel yihiin in ay wax cabto shaah. Si qoto dheer diinta, Grand Duchess Elizaveta Fyodorovna tukaday badan.

Raggan ayaa waxaa iska lahaa booskiisa la nasashada qaarkood. Gaar ahaan ma noqon amiirradii dhallinyarada niyad Constantinovici iyo Vladimir Paley. Alarm garaacday kaliya Sergei Mikhailovich. Ka hor inta diraya Alapaevsk, wuxuu dhambaal uu u magac Lenin iyo Sverdlov cadhaysan u soo diray. In fariinta ah amiirka weyn oo ka cawday uu cimilada laabotooyinka iyo adag, oo ka baryay inuu u turjumo si Vyatka iyo Vologda. Uu telegraam waxaa iska indho.

Fiiri Helena Petrovna

bilood ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa Alapayevsk Shuhadada qabtay dhismaha dugsiga, kaas oo ka koobnaa laba yar yar iyo afar qol oo waaweyn. Waxay isugu waddada caadi ah. Waxa intaa dheer in Romanovs ah, in dugsiga la dhigay on ilaalada waajib ka mid ah Ciidanka Cas.

qolka Corner degan John K. iyo xaaskiisa Helena Petrovna. Waxay ahayd boqorka gabadhiisii waxay ku Serbian Peter I. Tan iyo Helena Petrovna ahaa ma Romanova, Bolsheviks ee uusan iyada u qabtaan. Xaaska si iskood ah u baxay maxaabiis ahaan ka dib markii ninkeeda. Wax yar ka hor isgoyska Alapayevsk masiibada, u tagtay inay Moscow si ay u muddaca sii daayo Romanovs ah.

July 7 Helena Petrovna, waxaa la xiray bishii Yekaterinburg. Masiirka ee ninkeeda, iyadu ma la wadaago oo keliya by safaaradda Serbian, kabaal diblomaasiyadeed ku xiran yihiin cadaadiska dowlada Soviet. dhimashadii ninkeeda Helena Petrovna dib markii psychoneurosis awoodaan in ay Moscow ku noqday. Si dhakhso ah ayay u tagay Russia.

giijisan ee taliskii xadhiga

Habeenka June 13, 1918, Bolsheviks dilay Michael, intii ka adeegi jirtay link Perm. xasuuqii qariyeen by quraafaad ah oo ku saabsan isku dayaya walaalka ka yar Nicholas II in ay ka cararaan. Wax yar ka celinayaan dhacdada Permian oo helay in Romanovs kale. Shuhadada Alapayevsk ka hooseeyeen dabagalka xataa ka badan. Itobiya lagu hayo ay ahayd amar of magnitude adag. Romanov wareegeen dhammaan alaabtaada, dharka, lacag, dahab ah. Maxaabiista tagay dharka kaliya, sets laysku beddelid karo ee nigis iyo kabo. Qoraalo iyo socod oo magaalada hareereeya la mamnuucay, si weyn u dhimay raashin.

jeegaga la yaab leh ayaa noqotay mid caadi ah. booska uu ka guri ammaan Romanov ee Alapaevsk horumariyo seenyo la mid ah sida maalmaha ugu dambeeya ee nolosha Mikhail Alexandrovich iyo Nicholas II. Haddii ka hor inta askartii dhaqantay si sax ah oo ku filan, hadda waxay noqotay adag oo aan dhab ahayn. Illaa marayso oo ah amiirrada waaweyn qaadunka ay, iyo Elizabeth Feodorovna la socday sooro. Suite waxaa la amray in ay ka baxaan Alapaevsk.

Toogashada ayaa ka mid ah qoyska Nicholas II ee

Dilka ee Mikhail Alexandrovich ahaa kii ugu horeeyay ee taxane ah oo dil ah Romanovs ah, by Bolsheviks ee abaabulan. Wax yar ka dhimashada Duke Grand ka dib markii u yimid maalintii fulinta qoyska boqortooyada. Nicholas II iyo qoyskiisa ayaa waxaa lagu hayaa guriga Ipatiev ah. Habeenkii ee July 17, 1918 qoyska The Imperial loo diray dhulka hoostiisa, halkaas oo Silanyo oo dab ku furay. Ka hor inta in, taliyaha Yakov Yurovsky akhriyey baxay xukun dil ah. By xusuusihii burbursan ee goobta, Nikolai kaliya si aad u weydiiso: "Waa maxay?" Ama "A" King ma ay garan waxa meesha ka socda, iyo soo socda labaad Yurovsky siiyey amarka, iyo rasstrelschiki rasaas ku fureen.

carruurta Romanov lagu dilay hal mar. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in dambe ku dhintay Tsarevich Alexei. Shaqaalaha Cheka waayo, kalsooni weyn inay ku baaqaan in dhibbanayaasha ay la bayonets ay. Xitaa ka hor toogashada gurigii Ipatiev eryay xamuul ah oo si gaar ah loo diyaariyey, kaas oo jidhka iyo muxaafidka. Waxay ahaayeen lagu aasay magaalada dibaddeeda ah. Habeenkaas Shuhadada Alapayevsk wali nool. Go'aanka ku saabsan masiirka, Bolsheviks ku qaaday maalinta ku xigta.

Dilkii at anigaa ah

Grand ugaasyadii , ma aan ogayn oo ku saabsan dilka Mikhail Alexandrovich iyo walaalkiis ka weyn. toogashada Maalinta qoyska reer boqor ee Alapaevsk ahaa, sidii caadiga ahayd. Habeenkii 18 July in dhismaha dugsiga, oo ay ku qoran Romanovs dadka soo gaaray, sheegay in baahida loo qabo in meel nabad ah tagaan ay sabab u tahay hanjabaad weerar hawada (dagaalkii sokeeye). Haweenka sameeyey wax kasta oo aan weydiiyay oo ka mid ah. gacmaha Romanov xidhan oo ka xidheen. Waayo, maxaabiista ay diyaar u gaadhi gaar ah. In shirkad dadka aan wax walba ka tegey oo si habsami leh. Duke Sergei Mikhailovich diideen inay addeecaan. Waxa uu ahaa laga toogtay gacanta iyo isaga qasbay alaabtii. Brothers Constantinovici iyo iska caabin Vladimir Paley lama siineyo.

gaadhi la Romanovs ku tegey magaalada dibaddeeda ah. Dhig istaagaan ay ahayd anigaa ku dilaa Selimskaja Hoose. maxaabiista la xiriira keentay in dhaadhaca mid ka mid ah miinooyinka tagay galay. fasiraad dheeraad ah oo dhacdooyinka fido. Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah version, Romanovs la dilay oo lagu tuuraa wejiga hadda dhintay. Oo dhinaca kale ah, maxaabiista yaabay faas ka dibna riixay yaamayska hoos u geli. Waxaa la og yahay in anigaa iska tuureen bam. Ka dib markii in, godka kor u buuxsamay abuse iyo daboolay dhulka.

baaritaan Kolchak

The xaaladaha dhimashada ee Romanov (iyo miinada ee Alapaevsk, iyo guriga Ipatiev) lagu yaqaan cad, si kooban u dhigay awoodda in Urals ka socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee. Bishii Oktoobar 1918, Bolsheviks lunsan oo gacanta ku Yekaterinburg. Marka geeridii ku timid qoyska boqortooyada ayaa lagu soo oogo. Admiral Alexander Kolchak qaaday baaritaanka hoos gacanta shakhsi.

Si dhakhso ah u suurtagashay in ay ka heli qaybgalayaasha dilka dhow Alapaevsk. Mid iyaga ka mid ahaa a Bolshevik Vasily Ryabov, kaasoo markhaati u qiimo badan in baaritaanka. God qoday. Dawladdu waxay of meydadka muujisay in dhamaan aan u markhaati anigaa Alapaevsk isla markiiba dhintay. Sayidka, jidhka Vladimira Paleya joogay meel fadhi. Prince John K. waxaa duubin qayb wimple Elizabeth Feodorovna. Intaa waxaa dheer, in tuulooyinka ku hareereysan muddo dheer waxaa la xamanayaa in ka dib xasuuqii ee degaanka anigaa iska tagay ku maqli kartay dhawaaq cidhiidhi of salaadda.

quraafaad ah ee afduubka amiirrada

Ural Bolsheviks go'aansaday inuu qariyo dilka uu cirbad khaldan. Maalinta ku xigta ka dib markii uu seegay Duke Konstantin Romanov iyo kuwa kale, oo dhan sheegay afduubka of Whites musaafuriyay Alapaevsk ah. version kuwaas la mid ah laga ilaaliyo in dhambaal uu u soo diray by guddiga fulinta maxaliga ah ee Yekaterinburg.

Ku saleysan macluumaadkan ahayd mid ku salaysan fariin Sverdlov, Uritsky iyo Zinoviev. Wax yar ka dib markii madaxda Bolshevik ka diyaariyey aragtida rasmiga ah ee dhacdada. Waxaa la sheegay in Real Madrid aysan xaday kaliya Romanovs ah, laakiin sidoo kale ku dhintay mid ka mid ah ilaalada. Waayo, dramatizations muuqaal ah oo ku saabsan dugsiga ka tagay meydka ah oo aan la garaneyn ah, kaas oo ilaa waqti qaar ka mid ah la jiifa meydka ah. Ka dib markii ay "lumis" ee Red Army Romanov si qorshe sanyihiin, waxay furay dab iyo kiciyey digniinta, simulating Madrid weerarka. Hal bil ka dib maamulka Soviet fuliyay baaritaan of this dhacdo, kaas oo, Dabcan, si kama taro.

Masiirka ee haray

In June 1919 Army Cas bilaabay a counter-weerar on Yekaterinburg. Church The Ruush Orthodox go'aansaday in ay u diraan wada karfano maran helay hadhaagii Romanov anigaa alapayevskoy bari ah. Markayse u caddaatay in Dagaalkii Sokeeye lumay, ay u dhaqaaqay China. Karfano lagu aasay macbudka Beijing. Ka dib dagaalkii labaad ee dunida inay xoog ku Shiinaha si Communists u yimid. deyr leh ku yaal Raktarka weli si kuwan raadkaygay ay gebi ahaanba laga badiyay. macbudyo Shiinaha oo ka mid ah Church Orthodox Ruush ahayd markii ay wada baabbi'iyey. Xataa xilligii casri ah, khubaro Ruush gaar ah si ay u Beijing yimid in la helo hadhaagii Romanovs ah, laakiin dhammaan isku dayadii ku dhamaatay waxba.

Inta lagu guda jiro nolosha Elizabeth Feodorovna ayay tiri in ay doonayeen in ay la aasay Land Quduuska ah. Sidaa darteed, in 1920, hadhaagii iyada duuliyay ka Beijing in Palestine. Au Grand Duchess - Martyr Nuun Varvara - sidoo kale helay nabad la soo dhaafay ee Yeruusaalem.

horraysay

In 1981 wuxuu ku dhintay miino meel u dhow Alapaevsk ayaa canonized by Church Orthodox Ruush dibadda. Muddo dheer waxaa jiray su'aal ah ee ku saabsan nidaamka la mid ah ee waddankooda. Ruush Church Orthodox canonized kaliya labo Shuhadada Alapayevsk (Elizavetu Fedorovnu iyo soore ah Varvara). horraysay ayaa ka dhacay sanadkii 1992, ka dib markii Midowga Soofiyeeti burburay.

baxnaaninta

Later barta rasmiga ah ee view of Midowga Soofiyeeti la xiriira qaddar ee Romanovs ee la dilay in ay dhimasho ahayd natiijada go'amada Bolsheviks Ural ah iyo shaqaalaha. Xukuumadda Soviet oo dhan jiritaankeeda, ayaa diiday in ay aqoonsadaan xaqiiqada ah in dilka in Alapaevsk, Perm iyo Yekaterinburg ayaa bilaabay hogaanka aad ee dawladda. cilmi Modern iyo bixinta warqadaha muujisay in dhibaatadii loo xalliyay Romanov shakhsi by Lenin iyo Sverdlov.

Prince Igor K. iyo kuwo kale oo lagu dilay meel u dhow waqti dheer Alapaevsk aan la dayactirey. Geedi socodka ah ee soo laabtay ay sumcad bilaabay markii madaxa Golaha Romanov Maria Vladimirovna, ayaa xareeyay codsi u Xeer-ilaaliyaha Guud ee Xafiiska Ruushka. Go'aan rasmi ah oo ku saabsan dhaqancelinta waxaa laga sameeyey by hay'adda June 8, 2009. Warbixintu waxay of Xeer-ilaaliyaha Guud ayaa sheegay in ay Romanovs iyo qiyaas Cheka noqday dhibanayaasha dembiga.