Taariikhda gabayga "12" by Alexander Blok

Taariikhda gabayga "12" qaadataa count ka hal maalin February, kaas oo noqday tub qaddar ee Russia ah. Ama waxaa laga yaabaa xataa ka hor - tan iyo markii kooxda kacaan Petra Verhovenskogo ah "Devils" ama Pushkin caanka ah "on arkaynin Guryohoodii mooyee -Raaxaysta- ...". Wax kasta oo ay ahayd, abuuridda garabka waxaa loo ekaysiin karaa in ay qoraal taxane-taariikheed jeer kuwa - iyadoo isha ku waxa symbolist "iyo toban" waa mid aad uga fog milicsiga wax Ujeedada dhacdooyinka.

"The Intelligentsia iyo Kacaanka"

Unit ayaa loo dhoofiyay in uu noqdo markhaati uga dhigay dhacdooyinka kacaan ee 1917-1918, kaas oo ka dhacay Petrograd, qabow iyo laalista in ay saarnaayeen oo dhan. Sidaas daraaddeed, xitaa Abwaan, isagoo mar loo xidhay dawladda cusub - maalin in si qoto dheer wacdaro Alexander. Isla mar ahaantaana ma uusan Hijrooday iyo xataa isku dayeen in hawlahooda si ay ugu biiraan nolosha kacaan. Tani waxay ogol yahay cilmi si sano ee la soo dhaafay Abwaan arkaa taageeraha ugu weyin ee Kacaanka.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, war noocan oo kale ah ay u muuqataa yara cilladaysan, haddii aan ku bixino Block ku article "Intelligentsia iyo Revolution," ayuu ku qoran 1918 dareenka. Marka la barbardhigo ah "iyo toban", kaas oo ka tagay unclarified habdhaqanka saxda ah ee ku bahoobay in ay waxa dhacaya, saxaafadda sayrtay oo dhan shaki dadweynaha. Haa, unit helo kacaan, laakiin aan ku qiimeyn taban ama togan, ka fiirsaneysa dhacdooyinkii jeer sida hannaankii lahaa in la adkaystay kuwa.

"Bulxanka dadka laga cabsado, anigoo goor aniga iyo hareeraha in"

Taariikhda oo dhan abuurka maansadu "12" Block waa farabadan of sheets Way badan yihiin in buuxiyeen inay masterpiece mustaqbalka bishii la soo dhaafay. Shaqada ugu qoran tahay neefta la mid ah, marka maray kaliya sannad ka dib markii Revolution February ah. In erayadii ku bahoobay, taariikhda abuurka ah gabayga "12" ayuu ku bilaabay la weedha ah "Oh, Waxaan leeyahay band mindi!" Cilmibaadhayaasha ayaa helay in markii hore ku qoray cutubka labaad, ka dib markii ay u yimaadeen inay u iftiimin lixaad, toddobaad, siddeedaad, sidoo kale, gooye kama dambaysta ahayd goobta Ciise Masiix.

Haddii aan iyada deciphering taariikhda abuurka ah gabayga "12" Block muuqataa dhamaystirnayn. Haddii magaca sheyga, keenaya ururka rasuulladii, waxaa markii hore ahaa, ka dibna muuqaalka Ciise uu ahaa go'aan lama filaan ah. Entries Abwaan of February 1918 la xaqiijin in this: ka blocks image evangelical jeclaa in caalin ah. Fiirinta tacliiq aad u dahsoon Sidaa darteed, muujiye ugu horeysay ee "Laba iyo toban The" Yuri Annenkov: "Haddii laga geeska bidix ee kore ee" dilka Katka "wafted baraf qaro weyn oo isaga dhex - Masiix - waxa uu noqon lahaa cover dhamaystiran."

"Maanta waxaan ahay hanad ah"

... si block calaamad u ahayd dhammaadkii shaqada uu shaqada. Laakiin ma in taariikhda gabayga "12" ee dhamaadka this? Ma aha at dhan. Bishii Maarso 1918, maaxdey Abwaan arkay iftiinkii, lagu asal ahaan la daabacay wargeyska "The Banner of Labor," ka dibna u soo baxay sidii daabacaadan gaar ah.

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in markii danbe jiilka mustaqbalka ee Soviet dugsiyada "iyo toban" (gabay Blok), taariikhda abuurniinta, oo sanamyada iyo sheekada ayaa looga baahan yahay in uu korka, Bolsheviks hore waxaa lagu daaweeyaa shaki. Sida muuqata, wax abuurka da'da classic Silver ayuu qiyaasay shisheeye, haddii aan dirqi counter-kacaan.

"Waxaan u adeegi doonaa gees ah?"

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xataa habdhaqanka ugu taxadar iyo cadowga ku ah gabay wakiilada dowladda Soviet ma in wax la barbardhigo dib u eegis ah "jir" intelligentsia tagaan. Sidaas daraaddeed, Gumilyov si toos ah ayaa sheegay in Abwaan dosochinil dhamaanayey Injiil, "ayuu u adeegi jireen Jidka ka gees ah." Abwaan dhawaaqay tage, iyo Kolchak inta lagu guda jiro wada hadal la Vyacheslav Ivanov, haddii Jees jees, in si dhab ah la soo jeediyey in laga lalmiyaa unugga, marka ciidamada cad ku laabto awoodda (in kastoo saxnaanta xaqiiqda dambe waa ka doodi). Waxa kale oo aanu ognahay in Akhmatova diiday in ay ka qayb qaataan fiidkii suugaanta, haddii ay jiraan waxaa laga sugayaa in ay akhriyaan gabay Blok. By habka, Abwaan qudhiisu dhif hadlay akhriska ee "Laba iyo toban The". Tani waxay ka hadlaya naagtiisa - waa mid aad u nasiib-darro ah, waa in la ogaadaa.

Waxa kajan ah waa ...

dib u eegista soo maratay negative noocan oo kale ah ka dhaleecayn fahmi karaa: "Laba iyo toban," Blok gabay, sheeko abuurniinta ninkii cusub iyo gobolka goobta of Russia hore, loo yaqaan intelligentsia soo xiro dadka aad. Part of the sayidyadiinna ah ee ra'yi dhiibashada farshaxanka weli ka tagay dhinaca Abwaan iyo isku dayay in uu tafsiira ee abuurkiisa siin. Sidaas daraaddeed, Viktor Shklovsky, mid ka mid ah marka hore in ay aragto peculiarity ee style abuurka ku bahoobay, waxaa la xiriirinaya saameynta ay fanaanada caanka ah Ruush Savoyarova waayahaas. On this feature, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, oo ay leeyihiin Bunin - inkastoo dhinaca macnaha diidmada, wacaya shuqulka suuqnimo gabayaa ee.

Taariikhda gabayga "12" ayaa waxa la socday dhacdooyin u wayn, kaas oo ugu dhakhsaha badan noqdeen wax aan waxba. Ka dib markii kacaanka, qayladii for garabka yimid aamusnaan ah oo uxun. Wuxuu U dhawaaday ma qori gabayo, qaar badan oo ka mid ah fikradaha uu sii fulin waayay. dhimashada hal abuur ay keentay in dhimashada jirka ah: Abwaan ma noolaan sanadka 1921. Warkeeda waxa ay leedahay in delirious intuusan dhiman ayuu wuxuu rabay, sidaa daraadeed waxa uu ahaa dab abuurkiisa ugu weyn - maansadu "12". History of abuurka, si kooban la falanqeeyay ee qodobkan, iyo ku farxi garabka ku saabsan shaqada on shaqo ee dhowr ka horimanaya xaqiiqda. Iyo sidoo kale Markhaatifurka Abwaan baxsadaan si ay adduunka ka fiican.