Billadda "Waayo Difaaca ee Caucasus". Abaalmarinta military Soviet

Battle for Caucasus waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah dagaalo waqti dheer of War Great Patriotic. magaca hay'adda 1 May 1944 bilad la xusay oo keliya wajiga hore ee iska hor imaad u dhaxeeya Labo Kooxood ee dhulka buuraleyda ah ee koonfureed ee USSR ah, inkasta oo sida uu booska, billadda "Waayo Difaaca ee Caucasus ee" la siiyey ka qaybgalayaasha iyo dagaalo weerar ka dhacay inta lagu guda jiro 1943.

"Operation Edelweiss"

Qorsheyso in ay qabsadaan gobollada saliidda soo saara oo waaweyn, halkaas oo Midowga Soofiyeeti kor loo qaadan in ay 85% ka mid ah wax cayriin xaabo ahaan, waxaa la ansixiyey xagaagii 1942 sano Hitler. Howlgalkan waxuu sii military la siiyey magaca code ee magaca qurux badan ubax buurta. "Edelweiss" siiyaa saddex lines ee stroke, waayo, koox ka mid ah Jarmal ciidammadoodu "A": Laba - in ay garab safafka buurta of Caucasus ee la shaqo oo ka mid ah dekedaha oo ka mid ah xeebta Badda Madow iyo weerarkii lagu qaaday Sea Caspian ka helaan degmada ee Baku, kii saddexaadna - kala duwan oo buurta Caucasus ugu muhiimsan iyada oo la qabashada beeraha saliidda Grozny ee.

Marka la eego in la degan kayd ah tungsten iyo manganese, iyada oo aan taas oo ma suurtowdo in dhalaali hubka iyo birta gaashaaman, in ka dib markii khasaaraha ka mid ah Ukraine Caucasus waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah alaab-qeybiyeyaasha weyn ee hadhuudhka, qorshaha "Edelweiss" gelin lahaa Midowga Soofiyeeti meel aad u adag. All abaalmariyey billadda "Waayo Difaaca ee Caucasus" - labada ciidan iyo dad rayid ah, fahamka muhiimadda ay guusha ku yaalla koonfurta, iyo darnaanta dagaalka ee foothills of Caucasus, tixgeliyaa abaalmarinta of mid ka mid ah abaalmarinta ugu qiimaha badan ee SOFHURA oo dhan.

qoraaga sawir

Nikolay Ivanovich Moskalov. Magaca artist ee ku jira sharaxaad ka mid ah bilado iyo qurxinta, abuuray sida ay naqshado uu. iyaga ka mid ah, billadda "Waayo, Difaaca ee Moscow", "Waayo, Difaaca ee Stalingrad", iwm,.. Kutuzov Order , iyo malaha abaalmarinta ugu ixtiraamo World - askari ee Order sharafta.

billadda "Waayo, Difaaca ee Caucasus ee" la sii daayo oo taxanahan ah in ay design of artist ah waa markii ugu kaliya in ay isticmaalaan yabban qaranka la geolocation: ubaxa iyo canab.

Description of qadaadiic ah

Dhinaca hore ee biladda ku wareegsan oo naxaas ah "Waayo, Caddaan Difaaca" 32 mm dhexroor ayaa ugu sarreysa ugu sareeya ee image ah oo ka mid ah buuraha Caddaan - Elbrus. At ay ugu hooseysa - image of munaarado saliidda soo saara, taangiyada iyo gaadiidka dagaalka oo askar. In ka badan buurta jira saddex dushana diyaaradaha. Waxaas oo dhan been gudahood qar iyagoo muujinayay in ay madaxtooyada canab. In qaybta sare - "Waayo, Difaaca ee Caucasus" qorniinkan qaanso-qaabeeya ee waraaqaha la kiciyey. qar madaxtooyada ugu sareysa kala qaybinaya xiddigtii hoose - suunka la dubbe iyo sickle cell iyo Looxii "USSR".

waddada tooska ah ee qadaadiic ah - guuldaradoodii - xal Ogolow in, kaas oo u hantidaan bilado badan oo dagaal WWII: dubbe convex iyo sickle, iyo iyaga ka hooseeyey - Looxii siman in saddex ka mid ah "Waayo, Our hooyo Soviet".

blocks pentagonal Standard kuwaas oo ku dhowaad dhammaan biladood oo dagaal ee USSR, xirmado moire dhagan. Its width - 24 mm, midabka salka - saytuun ah, geesaha - doonistiisu ahayd buluug ballaaran 2.5 mm. Bartamihii ah - strip saytuun ah (2 mm) oo dusha cas superimposed on strip cad (6 mm) oo la dusha buluug ah.

Wajiga koowaad ee Battle of Caucasus

Operation "Edelweiss" marka hore waxa uu ahaa guul u ah ciidanka Jarmal, oo intay tageen ayay la raacayo jadwalka. Mid ka mid kale ka dib, waxaa lagu qabtay magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Stavropol iyo gobolka Krasnodar, oo ay ku jirto caasimadda gobolka, iyo Armavir, Elista, Mozdok, Maikop, iyo in ka badan Novorossiysk. Astaanta A of guusha naasiga la beerto ee August 1942 kooxda gaarka ah ee climbers calanka yiinta on top of Elbrus ah.

gurasho Red Army ee dhinacyada buur eegay kala daadsan, amarka Soviet ma fileynin in kooxda Jarmalka ay weerari lahaa baas buurta Patriots marayo. Iyo aad u badan oo ah farqiga u ahaa in diyaarinta ku toogan jiray buurta Jarmal iyo hortago Army Cas. Weli, by September 1942 weerar Wehrmacht la hakiyey.

Xeerarka ku saabsan billadda

Sida laga soo xigtay Statute of bilad waxaa la guddoonsiiyey dhammaan askari oo ka tirsan ciidamada Cas, Navy iyo ciidamada NKVD, aan ka yarayn saddex bilood, ka qayb qaatay dagaalka, waayo, Caucasus ee muddada u dhaxaysa July 1942 ilaa October 1943. Iska ay ku dhaawacmeen, kuwaas oo dagaalo billadda "Waayo Difaaca ee Caucasus ee" la siiyey iyadoo aan loo eegin waqtiga dalka ay ka qayb ah howlgalka military Caucasian.

Dadka rayidka ah ayaa sidoo kale la gudoonsiiyey bilad ah, oo ay ku jiraan u ah ka qaybqaadashada dhismaha qalcad, oo waxay bilaabeen in 1941. Biladood oo waxaa la siiyey Midowga Soofiyeeti ku saleysan dukumentiyo ay soo saartay ciidamada, maamulka caafimaadka ee ciidamada iyo masuuliyiinta meelaha falalka ciidamada dhacay: Krasnodar iyo Stavropol Dhulalka, Georgia iyo Azerbaijan Jamhuuriyadda Soviet.

Sida abaalmarinta sida, billadda "Waayo Difaaca ee Caucasus" waxaa xirto dhanka bidix, meesha ayay la goostay ka dib markii billadda "Waayo, Difaaca ee Kiev."

ka hortag Soviet

Sababta ugu weyn ee loogu talagalay guuldaradii ee Jarmalka xilli koonfurta, falanqeeyayaasha milatariga yeedhay kala firidhsan ciidamada laba jiho - Caddaan iyo Stalingrad, taas oo keentay in ay guuldarada of Wehrmacht ee bangiyada ee Volga iyo weheliyaan soohdimaha Black iyo Caspian Badaha. Laakiin sababta ugu weyn waxaa lagu soo bandhigay askar iyo ragga baxriyiinta ah Soviet adkeysiga iyo geesinimada. Kooxda Jarmalka ayaa ku guuldareystay inuu soo qabto ama Stalingrad, in aan la jebin oo si Grozny iyo Baku.

dagaalo daafaca kulul tan iyo bilowgii 1943 ka dib markii Ciidanka Cas ayaa ka hortag ah, oo haddii aan amarka Hitler in ay ka baxaan ciidanka koonfurta ee Crimean ah, ciidamada ugu weyn ee ciidamada Group "A" loo wareejiyey lahaa oo ku baabbi'iyeen.

Gaar ahaan cajiib ahaa dagaal hawada biloowday cirka Kuban ah - mid ka mid ah ugu weyn ee taariikhda. Inaan ku guuleysto waxa la siiyaa faa'ido in duuliyayaasha Soviet hawada, in aanay ka maqnaan dhamaadka dagaalka. Waxaa tan iyo sara kacay xiddiga reer xiddiga ugu Soviet Aleksandr Pokryshkina sidoo kale abaal marinta sharaf.

October 9 askari oo Jarmal ee la soo dhaafay ka tagay Peninsula Taman ah, Caucasus ayaa si buuxda u sii daayay. A streamers Jarmal hoos sare ee Mount Elbrus Soviet askari-climbers ka bishii Febraayo 1943. Halkii, ay wax tara oo calamada ee USSR.

South qaansada

Magaca rasmi ah set saddex abaalmarinta - bilado USSR ah, ka go'an in ay dhacdooyinka ee qaybta koonfureed ee dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic - qaanso Southern. "Waayo, Difaaca ee Caucasus" - abaalmarinta ugu weyn ee set this: oo ku saabsan 870 kun oo waxaa la guddoonsiiyey iyadii 1985 Waxaa ka mid ah bilad kale "Waayo, Difaaca ee Sevastopol" (52.5 kun oo abaal) iyo "Waayo, Difaaca of Odessa" (oo ku saabsan 30 kun. ), aasaasay waqti isku mid ah - December 22, 1942.

marwooyin Southern sujuudi, waxaa jira oo kaliya oo ku saabsan 990 dadka. The ugu caansan ka mid ah kuwan waa halyeeyga Marshal Manida Mihaylovich Budenny - wuxuu ku amray xidhiidhada ka soo qayb galay dagaallada adag ee wajigii koowaad ee dagaalka on xeebta Badda Madow. Laakiin xusuusta daa'imiska ah oo ku xaaqday istaahila in la wada ka qaybgalayaasha dagaalo kuwa - ka caadiga ah si ay u Marshal ah.