Duulaankii Soviet of Afghanistan: Sababaha iyo Cawaaqibta

Duulaankii Soviet of Afghanistan saddexdii sano ee la soo dhaafay, taasoo keenta saynisyahano badan, military iyo siyaasiyiinta khilaafsan dareenka. Dhinaca mid, hawlgalka laftiisa, barta ugu muhiimsan ee kaas oo ahaa weerar on madaxtooyada ee Kabul, Amin, weli waa model ah tallaabo ciidamada gaarka ah ee xaaladaha sida. Oo dhinaca kale ah, waa wax aan macquul aheyn in la tixgeliyo gelitaanka Soviet ee Afghanistan in go'doon ka sii daridda ku xiga ee xiisadda caalamiga ah, iyo sidoo kale ka xaqiiqda ah in dhacdadan ugu danbeyn mid ka mid ah sababaha noqon doonaan burburkii Soviet.

Dhanka kale, si ay u fahmaan macnaha qoto dheer oo ay dhacdo in ka badan soddon sano ka hor, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah inay tixgeliyaan waxa xaaladda ayaa sameeyay dalka Central Asia ee 1979 galay.

Waxaa oo dhan bilowday bishii April 1978, markii awoodda ee Kabul in inqilaab militari yimid PDPA hogaaminayo qoraaga caanka ah N. Taraki. Iyadoo horumarinta this waxaa loo arkaa a yaraysi waaweyn Maraykanka sida Taraki iyo jaalayaashooda uu arkay saaxiibkeed ugu weyn ee Midowga Soofiyeeti, oo markaas ahaa in awoodda kuwaas oo quruxsan waynida dowladda madax Leonid Brezhnev.

Hoggaanka Soviet iyo xisbiga shuuciga ah ayaa waxay dooneen si ay u hubiyaan in si kasta oo macquul si ay u taageeraan dowladda dhallinyarada ahaa oo Republic of Afghanistan. Inta 1978 halkan lagu qoondeeyay lacag weyn tegey taliyeyaal ciidan iyo dhaqaale, oo ahaa qabanqaabiyeyaasha ugu weyn ee dalka iyo dib u habaynta waxbarashada.

Isla mar ahaantaana gudaha Afghanistan qanacsanayn sii kordhaya dadka caadiga ah ka mid ah, oo ka mid ah aqoonyahanada dalka xukunka. Horraantii 1979, iska caabin ah ayaa waxa ay keeneen in fallaago u furan, taas oo, sida ay uga leexatay in aannu mar, United States istaagay. Taraki mar hore dalbaday in laga Brezhnev in ay soo galo idman Ciidamada Soviet in Afghanistan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in uu helay diidmo adag.

Xaaladda bedeshay ka dib September 1979, markii mid ka mid ah asaxaabta Taraki iyo Amin sameeyey kacaanka yimid si ay awood halkii la ceejiyo oo xabsi ah Madaxweynihii hore. kaca Amin ee ah inay xukunka ayaa u xuub bedelay sida xaaladda Afghanistan iyo booska saaxadda caalamka. Isla mar ahaantaana, sida ay qorkiisa dhawaan la daabacay ee u ololeeya caanka American bulshada Zbigniew Brzezinski, ee kacaanka this Mareykanka ayaa door toos ah, isagoo sida ay ujeedo kaliya in si indho la'aan Midowga Soofiyeeti ee "Vietnam War ay."

Sayidka, sababaha ugu weyn ee duulaanka ku Soviet ee Afghanistan ka koobnaa meel aad u muhiim ah istiraatiijiga ah ee dalka, iyo sidoo kale xaqiiqada ah in ka dib inqilaabkii, Amin dowladda Soviet ayaa lagu qasbay in ay soo fara in arrimaha gudaha ee Gobolka, ma si aad u hesho on xadka ay tahay meel ay xiisad.

Duulaankii Soviet of Afghanistan ayaa la oggol yahay go'aanka xisbiga hay'adda ugu sarraysa - kadago golaha dhexe CPSU ah. In go'aanka waxaa uu sheegay in falalka hoggaanka USSR waxay ku salaysan heshiis iyo saaxiibtinimo ah, kuwaas oo la saxiixay ka dhexeeya labada dal ee 1978.

Habeeynimadii of Amin cusub, 1980, iyadoo ay sabab u iiriyo ee qasriga madaxtooyada, wuxuu la dilay iyo Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda noqday hakadgeliyay ah B. USSR ee Karmal. Waayo, wakhtigu waa qaar ka mid ah duulaankii Soviet ee Afghanistan ka qayb qaatay caadi nolosha gudaha ee dalka, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib, ciidamada Soviet ahaayeen lug dagaal culus oo la Mujaahidiinta, kuwaas oo sababay in ka badan 15,000 oo dhimasho ah tan iyo dhinaca Soviet.