Farshaxan caan Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti. Description of shuqullada ugu caansan

dhaqanka Talyaani, luqadda, dabeecadda ayaa muddo dheer soo jiitay dalxiisayaal. Laakiin dalka this caan ma aha oo kaliya in ay muuqaal iyo serenades sonorous. Maanta waxaan la hadal oo ku saabsan mid ka mid ah wiilashii ugu caansan ee Italy. Sidoo kale qodobkan waxaa lagu siin doonaa tiro ka mid ah tilmaanta of farshaxan Mikelandzhelo Buonarotti.

Si fiican u akhri oo aad wax badan oo cusub oo xiiso leh ururin doonaa ka aagga of dhaqanka Talyaani ee Renaissance ah.

CV

Dhashay ee artist weyn oo sculptor in qoyska of sharaf ah oo sabool ah ee 1475 magaalada Caprese. La'aan maaliyadda aabbihiisna wuxuu ku siinayaa inuu barbaarinta ee Topolino qoyska ka mid ah, halkaas oo ay wiilka la kulmay dhoobada oo uu bilaabo inuu barto inay sculpt tirooyinka.

Waqti ka, uu u soo diray inuu isweydaarsiga for artist a maxaliga ah, iyo ka dib dugsiga Giovanni ku sculptor. Waxaa uu u arko Lorentso Medichi.

Ninkan fursad ay ku muujin Michelangelo siiyey. Waxa uu ka ilaaliyaa waxbarashada uu, ka dibna ilaa dhimashadiisii ka caawisaa in ay soo saaraan amar sare-hoodu.

Intii uu nolosha, Buonarroti ka soo shaqeeyay Rome, Florence iyo Bologna.
Hadda aynu ku hadlaan shuqulkiisa si faahfaahsan.

sifooyinka guud ee hal-abuurka

In this article aan saamayn doontaa oo keliya mid ka mid ah ku saabsan farshaxanka Michelangelo - farshaxan. aad hoos Description mid ah kuwa ugu caansan iyaga ka akhrisan kartaa.

hanad ninkii in sida ugu wanaagsan ee ka muuqda farshaxan ah. Xataa in uu rinjiyeynta, ayuu xanbaarsan yahay plasticity ee foomka iyo Jagada tirooyinka, hanti oo kaliya in ay wax badan.

Waxaa xusid mudan in guusha ugu weyn ee Mikelandzhelo Buonarotti waa hal-abuurnimo. Waa sababta oo ah falalka lid ku ah Buzadag ah, wuxuu caan ku noqday qarniyo. Uu taalada "Daa'uud" waxa uu noqday bartilmaameed ee Renaissance Sare, iyo "Pieta" - muuqashadii ugu fiican ee qof meyd ah in design ah sculptural.

Aynu bartaan dhow shuqullada hanad Renaissance ah.

"Muuse"

Mid ka mid ah shuqulladii ugu caansan - "Muuse" by Michelangelo. Description of farshaxan, waxaan ku siin doonaa wax yar ka dib. Hadda aan ka hadalno meeshii la qotomiyey.

farshaxan Tani waa qayb ka mid ah xabaal adag sculptural ee Pope Julius II, oo ku yaalla San Pietro in Vincoli, Basilica a Roman.

Work on farshaxan Kanu wuxuu u tegey on muddo laba sano ah, laga bilaabo 1513. Intaa waxaa dheer, dhinac kasta waxaa jira Sidaana ardayda Michelangelo ee.

Fikradda asalka ah ee Pope Julius II wuxuu ahaa mid aad u janjeeraa dhinac iyo wayn. Waxa uu doonayay inuu dhiso qabrigiisii masterpiece in Basilica ee St. Peter. Her mashruuca waxaa ka mid ahaa Sidaana badan iyo qurxinta kale. Laakiin qorshaha aan la ogaaday ay sabab u tahay dhaqaale la'aan ka dhaxla uu.

Sidaas darteed, waxaan soo bandhigay "miisaaniyad" version of mashruuca asalka ah.
Sidaas darteed, "ayuu Muuse" - farshaxan a by Michelangelo, oo noqday caanka ah ee qarniyadii ay abuure. Maanta waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah taalooyinka ugu caansan. Waa maxay waxa la taaban karo?

height ee taalada - 235 sentimitir, laakiin awood u jiifa dulmari ay, waa run ahaantii aad u weyn. sculptor The taswiiran oo amiir u ahaa dadka Yuhuudda ah wakhtiga soo laabtay, ka dib markii wadahadalo aan la yeelanay Ilaah, markii Muuse arkay dadka cibaadaysanaya la shaqayn jiray of Dibi dahabka.

tiradaasi waa mid aad u firfircoon oo ka buuxo tamar gudaha. Waxaan u aragnaa xididdada oo barara iyo duufaan a of damacyo wajiga of hoggaamiyaha. In gacantiisa midig ayuu haystaa Alwaaxdii, iyo lugta uu hore u bilowday dhaqdhaqaaqa af badan oo gaaban, sida haddii uu u socday ee ku boodaan oo ay tallaabo ka qaadaan.

faas farsamada ee saffarro Michelangelo ee la rinjiile a burush Sable marka la barbar dhigo. Qaadhaan gadhka timaha eegi jilicsan iyo silky, ka sokow, in farshaxan ku jiraan millimeter marmar ceeriin. Halabuurka The dhamaato ah oo si buuxda u muujinayaa muujin shacuurta ee hanad aadanaha oo dhan.

"Muuse" ee Michelangelo, ka tago ma mid taag daran. Strong-doonana cadaadis daawadayaasha xiiso iyo mararka qaarkood cabsi leh. Sida Stendhal sheegay, haddii aadan arkin Sidaana ah, oo aad wax fikrad ah oo ku saabsan fursadaha farshaxan.

"David"

In this article waxaan isku dayi doonaa in aan ku muujiyo farshaxan ugu caansan by Michelangelo. labaad A, on par leh mid ka mid ah la soo dhaafay, waa "David". Tani taalada shan mitir uu noqday calaamad u ah Jamhuuriyadda Fiorentine qiyaastii isla markii abuurka.

Maanta waxa uu ku yaalaa ee Academy of Arts in Florence iyo waxaa loogu talagalay view wareegsan. taalada The gaysteen oo dhallinyaro ah Yuhuudda King David, kuwaas oo isku diyaarinaya dagaalka kula Goli'ad Rafaa. Waxa uu diiradda oo yara kacsan, maxaa yeelay, cadowgii waa si cad uga sareynay tayada ay jirka. Isla, in view ee David gacangelin lahaa kalsoonida ah unshakable libtii.

Yuu yahay masterpiece macaamiisha ah ee? Back ee bartamihii qarnigii shan iyo tobnaad-ee Florence ka hadlay decoration ee Santa Maria del Fiore. Waa kaniisad cathedral ee Florence ka. Qorshuhu wuxuu ahaa isaga u wareejin iyo toban Sidaana oo ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu caansan kitaabiga ah ka Axdiga Hore.

Shaqeeyaan hirgelinta mashruuca bilaabay Donatello oo arday, laakiin waxa uu abuuri kartaa mid ka mid farshaxan oo kaliya.

uu dhintay ka dib, mashruuca la joojiyay, iyo block a marmar ah (dadku naaneeso "Giant"), loogu talagalay taalada Daa'uud, si tartiib ah u kala firdheen, sarkhaansan nabaad guurka.

Bilowga ee qarnigii lix waxaa la isugu by the Commission, kaas oo ka mid ahaa Leonardo da Vinci, kuwaas oo go'aansaday in ay heshiis la sculptor lix iyo labaatan Michelangelo Buonarroti. Waxa uu shaqada bilaabay bishii September 1501.

Dagaal blocks marmar isaga qaatay in ka badan laba sano. Waa in farshaxan waxaa iska leh in ay u abuuraan masterpiece ah, si fudud u gooyay oo dhan aan loo baahnayn.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in 1504, marka shaqada la dhamaystiro, Florentines ay dhibaatadu saameysey go'aansaday inuu David riday dei Loggia ku Lanzi, halkaas oo ka dhacay kulanka Golaha Magaalada.

Haddaba halganka xoriyadda wakiil masterpiece ah Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti. Farshaxan by Donatello sidoo kale u guuray goob ka duwan Council dhagaystayaasha.

Waxaa jira dhowr xaqiiqooyinka xiiso leh oo la xidhiidha shaqo this. "David" - ugu soo guuriyeen farshaxan ee Renaissance ah. tus Waxaa jira ee Moscow, London iyo qaybaha kala duwan ee magaalada hooyo uu.

Waxa kale oo xusid mudan in koobiga London ku qalabeysan yahay caleen berde ah, haddii ay dhacdo yimid of Queen. Oo qarnigii labaatanaad Yeruusaalem diiday inay marti nuqul ka mid ah "qarnigii shan iyo tobnaad Talyaani qaawan," taalada sida "David" by Michelangelo jeestay buuryoqab ah.

masaal oo ah maalintii

Xabaashii of Medici ee Florence, ayaa sii raagayaan badan oo farshaxan Michelangelo ee. Waxaan ka hadlaan laba darey oo kala duwan.

The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah u muujinaysa kuwo lug xubno samadu in jir ah "ugu weyn ee taliye Fiorentine." Kooxdan sculptural ka kooban yahay afar tirooyinka taagan laba laba laba sarcophagi ah.

Fikradda ahaa kii saaxir ah si ay u muujiyaan xataa ilaahyo darnaanta cajiib ah jiritaanka dhimanaya. Waxay ka muujinayaa jagooyinka sirgaxan ku dabool of sarcophagi ah, in dadaal lagu doonayo in si dhakhso ah hoos u simbiriirixan.

Masaallo waqti kala duwan ee maalin waxaa lagu muujiyey qaab tirooyin ah dhallinyada rag iyo dumar. quruxda dabiiciga ah ee ku Joogaba, qadiimiga ah iyo kaamil ah iska leh jidka Dr Makumbe Christian "dareen xanuun badan oo murug" sababta oo ah nooca ku meel gaar ah ee jiritaanka.

Halabuurka waxay ka kooban tahay Night, Maalinta, subaxda iyo fiidkaba ka. Labada farshaxan ugu horeysay waxaa la geeyaa on xabaashii of Giuliano, iyo tan labaad - on sarcophagus ee Lorentso Medichi.

Mashruucan ayaa waxaa la abuuray by si ee Clement VII, kuwaas oo go'aansaday in ay immortalize qaraabadooda dhintay dhallinyarada.

Work on taalada la dhameeyey ee 1534, laakiin dhammaantiin ma aha ayaa lagu rakibay on goobta loo qorsheeyey. Maanta model terracotta taalada "Day", tusaale ahaan, waxa uu ku yaalaa Houston, "Morning" - in London. "Fiidkii" model ayaa la badiyay, laga soo iibsaday by ururinayay lacagta qaar ka mid ah, iyo raad ka bilaabata iyo tan ay ka lumaan.

Qaybta ugu quruxda badan ee ka kooban waxaa loo arkaa inay farshaxan ah, "Night." Michelangelo, sida saffarro ayaa sheegay in ay ka muujinayaa ah "hurdada malaa'igtii dhagax, taas oo ay dareemaan neefta."

Sayidka, ka farshaxan ah Michelangelo, inkastoo qaladaad qaar ka mid ah, kuwaas oo aan hoos ku wada hadlaan, waa masterpieces dhab ah hanad aadanaha.

Sidaana of Medici ah

qaybtan labaad ee ka kooban ee goobta cibaadaysiga caanka ah ee u taliya crypt Florence. Waxay ka kooban tahay laba farshaxan, mid ka mid ah taas oo muujinaysa kuwo Giuliano, kuwaas oo u dhashay horyaalka ee Duke of Nemours, oo tan kalena waxay - II ee Lorenzo, Duke of Urbino. Waxay caan inaan noqdo kan ugu horeysay ee taariikhda qoyska Medici helay horyaal sare oo caynkan ahu waa.

Waxaa muhiim ah in la xuso khasaare ugu weyn ee Michelangelo Buonarroti. Farshaxan ah sayidkayga this leeyihiin eg ma in prototypes ay. Waxa uu neceb yahay sawirka iyo ayaa sheegay in isbedelka noocan oo kale ah loo baahan yahay in qofna, waxa tan iyo mid ka mid ma ogaan lahaa in intii kun sannadood ah.

Image, la mid ah taalada ee Lorenzo muujinayaa farshaxan Rodin ee "fekeraya The." Michelangelo abuuray taalada this in image ee guud Roman in timaaddo ceeb ah oo fikirka ah oo qoto dheer. koofiyad Zoomorphic dhuuntaa ugu wajiga in hoosku. Waxaa arrintan la xiriira ayaa weli ka mid ah cilmi-dooday.

Qaar waxay yidhaahdaan in this sayidkiisa ku weyn maldahan u sheegay in Lorenzo ay hayso ka hor dhimashada waalli. Qaar kalena waxay ku doodayaan in ay tahay oo keliya image ah Ta'wiil darraanta cadaab.

Mid ka mid ah ama qaab kale, laakiin wejiga Giuliano shaqeeyo si fiican. Waxa uu muujinayaa sida bilow wax ku ool ah ee qadiimiga ah. Isagu waa dhallinyaro ah, oo aan koofiyad, tabar buuxda, laakiin indhihiisa gebi ahaanba la taag daran. Hadaba, waxa ay ka dhigan tahay fikradda ah fikradda ah dawladda caqli leh.

Wada jir ah ula waqtiga maalinta tirooyinka Ta'wiil, Lorenzo iyo Giuliano sameeyaan Halabuurka oo dhamaystiran. Waxay qaadataa daawadayaasha inta lagu guda jiro Renaissance, marka waxaa jiray ah ee dalalka casriga ah. Period of mu'aamaraad, halganka siyaasadeed iyo lacagta weyne ee raaxada.

addoomo

Next, waxaan ka mid ah tusaalooyinka ugu guulaha badan ee farshaxan Michelangelo ee. Iyada oo magaca "Muuse" iyo "David," aynu hore u la kulmay. Halabuurka in, taas oo aan hadda la hadal, uuraysatay oo qayb ka ah Gorod ee Julius II.

Waxay ka kooban tahay laba xabbadood - addoomada, dhalna iyo mucaaradka. Tan iyo odayga waa dhif ku lifaaqan muhiimadda u eg sawirka iyo macnaha Ta'wiil of curiyay ay, ka dibna ma dhihi karno wax ku saabsan macnaha dhabta ah ee ka mid ah tahay ka hor.
Haddii su'aasha ah ee la soo dhaafay waa lagama yaabo in la xalin abid, wax ku saabsan macnaha maalgeliyeen Sawiradan firfircoon, si ay weli ka doodaan.

Qaar waxay yidhaahdaan in image this of art, fadilay by Pope ah, dadka kale tilmaamay in ay tahay masaal ee gobollada guulaystay inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Julius II.

Sidaana oo Hanatay ka muujinayaa laba nin oo dhallinyar oo xoog badan oo dhallinyaro ah, kuwaas oo silsilado. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxa ay isku dayaysaa in ay dadaal sarreeyaan in ay jebiyaan Biro Naar ah, mid labaad lulataa ciirsi, Muslim ah.

Tirooyinkan, iyo sidoo kale farshaxan kale oo badan oo caan ah by Michelangelo, sida "la xoreeyey" ka block a of iyaga u gaar ah.

Waxay leeyihiin masiirka xiiso leh. Marka taalada la dhameeyey, qabyada ah bedelay tombstones. Sidaa darteed Buonarroti uu iyaga ka siinayo in saaxiibkiis Stotstsi aad hoteelada, iyo kan dambeba iyaga soo bandhigaysaa in ay Francis I. Sida tusaale u ah farshaxan Michelangelo ahaayeen in Louvre ah.

Bacchus

"Sakhraan ah Bacchus" waxaa loo arkaa shaqo ugu horeeyay ee si guul leh saaxir dhallinyarada. Oo isna wuxuu u abuuray in laba iyo labaatan sannadood wakiishay Raphael Riario, jiifoo Talyaaniga.

Dhab ahaantii xiiso leh waa in Cardinal la kaliya doonayay in uu balaariyo collection of farshaxan oo qaraami ah. Laakiin goortuu arkay nuqulka ugu dambeeya ee taalada, Signor Riario diideen inay qaataan. Farshaxan helay banker Galli, kuwaas oo ku noolaa meel u dhow xarunta madaxtooyada Cancellara. Ka dib ku dhawaad boqol sano oo ay iibsashada Medici ee Florence iyo gaadiid.

Maanta farshaxan waa bandhig ka dhacay Florence Bargello Museum.
culimada qaar ka mid ah Mikelandzhelo Buonarotti, tusaale ahaan, Viktor Lazarev, ka fiirsada wax soo saarka this dayashada si toos ah farshaxan qadiimiga ah. Waxay sheegeen in in this abuurista madax banaan marka hore gabi ahaanba waa shaqsiyad lahayn ee qoraaga.

"Bacchus" wakiil ka ah ilaaha Roman oo khamri ah, kaas oo Dirk in Dionysus Giriigga, Ulasocto lehna dhalinyaro ah. Labada nin ayaa ku jira xaalad dabacsan, ka guulaystay saameynta ay cabniinka sarkhaamayo.

Bacchus eegayaa koobkii khamriga, oo wejigiisuu ku muujinayaa rush ah jacaylka abuurkiisa. Muruqyada bowdyaha iyo caloosha dabacsan. cilmi Qaar waxay yidhaahdaan in tani ay tahay caddaymo uu maskaxda iyo jirka daciifnimo, u janjeera in qabatinka. ilaah kale qadiimiga ah si ay ugu qiil xaqiiqda ah in ay tahay oo kaliya a marxaladaha weyn sarkhaan. Tani waa caddaynta ku uu qaab. Ayuu hore u tiirsada, sida haddii ay ku dhacaan, laakiin muruqyada dhabarka waxaa cidhiidhi ah si ay u sii uu dheelitirka.

baroorasho

Shaqada kaliya taas oo ay jirto qof caan ah saxiixiis ah qoraaga, waa farshaxan a of Michelangelo ee "Pieta". Its magaca ka yimaadaa erayga Talyaani in macnaheedu yahay "walbahaar, nixin." mawduuca ugu weyn ee goobta waxaa u barooranayeen ina dhintay of Mary Virgin ah, Ciise Masiix.

Michelangelo "Pieta" waxaa loo arkaa by dhaleecayn tahay mid ka mid ah shuqulladii yar badbaaday xilliga kala guurka ka hore Renaissance qarnigii shan iyo in muddo dheer oo Zaman this.

Waayo, dabeecadda Gothic sanamkii oo Badbaadiyeheenna ah on of Mary Virgin ah gacanta dhintay, laakiin waxa ay si buuxda u sii qaabaynaya Buonarroti in uu shaqada. Halkan Virgin waxaa ka muujinayaa sida qof dumar ah oo dhallinyaro ah, kuwaas oo ugu baroorto lumay jecel yahay mid ka mid ah.

Haddii aad eegto ka kooban, waxa aan arki karnaa in uu jiro kala qeybinta af u dhexeeya kuwa nool iyo kuwa dhintay. Kooxdu waxay ugu horeysay ka mid ah sifooyinka sida haweenka, gashan lahayd oo aad qummanaan, antonyms ay yihiin calaamadaha dhintay in "Cab".

Sida laga soo xigtay khubaro, farshaxan this ayaa noqday bartilmaameed u ah dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee images of Muuqaallo Kitaabka Qudduuska ah.

meesha allabariga Piccolomini

Maanta, waxaynu og nahay of farshaxan badan oo Michelangelo ay magacyadii reer binu magacyada quduusiinta Catholic. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid yaalaan meesha allabariga Piccolomini ee Siena Cathedral. Tani waxay sidoo kale waa "Pieta", taas oo aynu hore u wada hadleen.

Heshiiska amarka this la saxiixay sannadaha hore ee qarnigii lix by Cardinal Piccolomini. By shuruudaha, artist ka lahaa si ay u abuuraan shan iyo toban farshaxan muddo saddex sano ah. Abaal marin uu ka helay shan boqol ducats, taas oo ahayd lacag badan markii ugu.

Laakiin sabab u xaqiiqda ah in ugu dhakhsaha badan loo qaaday iyo xitaa si ay u "David" by Michelangelo u suurtagashay in ay u yeeshaa afar kaliya farshaxan.

Sidaas daraaddeed, waa maxay taalada ee Saints galay Halabuurka ee taallo ee naqshadaha Gothic?

qaybta sare ee heerka hoose waxa lagu qurxiyey farshaxan ee St. Pius I (title asalka - Augustine) iyo St. Gregory, lixdan afaraad Pope.

In qaybta hoose ku yaalaan quduusiinta Peter iyo Paul. In kasta oo cadaawad ah ee ilqabatinka odaygii Wehbe, qoreysa cilmi badan ee la soo dhaafay ka fiirsan a is-sawirka of artist dhallinyarada.

Taasi dhamaaday our yiqiin kooban la sida qof cajiib ah, sida artist, Faylasuuf iyo sculptor Michelangelo. Farshaxan ah sayidkayga this soo jiidaan ma aha oo kaliya bayna ku ugu quruxda badan ee Italy, laakiin waxa kale oo jira matxafyada si fiican u yaqaan in dalal kala duwan.

Safarka, akhristayaasha qaaliga ah. nasiib wacan adiga iyo dareenkaa ugu cad in!