Brest-Litovsk

gabagabeeyo nabad Brest ahaa kii saddexaad ee March 1918. heshiis ka qaybgalayaasha waxay ahaayeen sida soo socota: Russia - kooxdii ugu horeysay, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria iyo Turkiga - labaad. Saamaynta of heshiis nabadda oo intaasu waxay ahayd muddo kooban ah. Waxaa wax yar ka badan socday ka badan sagaal bilood.

Waxaa oo dhan ku bilaabantay wada xaajoodka ugu horeysay ee Brest, halkaas oo ay wakiillo ka Bolsheviks Ruush waxay ahaayeen LB Kamenev iyo Yoffe AA iyo Mstislavsky SD, su'aaalo Karahan At daqiiqadii ugu danbeysay ka hor magaalada soohdintu waxay ka tagay, waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay lagama maarmaan tahay ka qayb qaadashada dadka. Shaqaalaha noocan oo kale ah askari steel, badmaax iyo beeralay, kuwaas oo dagay safarka waaweyn. Dabcan, view ee kooxdan lagu jiro wada xaajoodka loo aqoonsaday oo aan si fudud u maqlo.

Inta lagu guda jiro wadahadalka, waxaa la ogaadey by xaqiiqada ah in kooxda reer Jarmal, marka lagu daro saxiixa nabadda, ayaa doonaya inuu go'aankaas aan darsanayay iyo indemnities, iyo sidoo kale dooneysa inay Russia xaq quruumaha in ay aayo-ka dhigi, si ay qorsheynayaan in ay hesho ay gacanta ku hayaan Ukraine iyo Baltic Ruushka. Waxa uu noqday wax iska cad in Russia waayi kartaa in Lithuania, Latvia, Poland iyo soohdinta reer Caucasus.

saxiixa nabad Brest ahaa oo kaliya xabad joojin ku meel gaar ah ee dagaalka. Lenin, Trotsky iyo Sverdlov ahaayeen walwalsan tahay in ay dhacdo marka shuruudaha kooxda Jarmalka ay kaga dejiyey carshigiisii khiyaamo qaran, sida inta badan Bolsheviks ma raacsan tahay siyaasadda of Vladimir Ulyanov.

Bishii Janaayo sanadkii 1918 ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay Brest marxaladda labaad ee wada xaajoodka. Wafdigan heerka sare waxaa madax u Trotsky aan joogitaanka wakiillo ka socda dadka. Doorka ugu muhiimsan ee wareega this iska wafdiga Ukraine, shuruudaha ugu weyn oo fullaacin lahaa ka dalalkan oo Austro-Hungarian of Bukovina iyo Galicia. Isla mar ahaantaana dhinaca Yukreeniyaan ma doonayaan in ay ogaadaan wafdiga Ruush. Sayidka, Russia ayaa laga badiyay Waliyeelata ee Ukraine. Waayo, Germany, tan dambe ayaa ka faa'iidi doonto geliya on dhulkeeda tiro badan oo ah bakhaarada hubka iyo dharka ciidanka. nabad Brest, sababtoo ah ay adagtahay in ay gaaraan dhul caadi ah, ku dhamaatay waxba, oo aan la saxiixay.

Wejiga saddexaad ee wada xaajoodka, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo wakiil ka ah wafdiga Ruush Trotsky Waxa uu diiday in uu aqoonsado wakiillo ka Ukraine.

Saddexaad March 1918 nabad Brest la saxiixay. Heshiiskan wuxuu ahaa natiijada diidmada Ruush Poland, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Crimean ah, Ukraine iyo Caucasus. Waxyaabaha kale, hubka raxan oo la soo saaray ee Germany, waxaa ku soo rogeen size waxqabadka lix bilyan oo marks dahab ah, iyo sidoo kale mid ka mid billion marks magdhow muwaadiniinta Jarmal, waxay ku gaaray in koorsada kacaanka. Austria-Hungary iyo Germany helay bakhaarada la hubka iyo rasaasta. nabad Brest sidoo kale soo rogay on go'an Ruush in ay ciidamadeeda kala baxdo deegaannada. Meeshoodii loo qaaday by ciidamada qalabka sida Jarmal. Heshiiska Dheeriga ah in heshiis nabad ka dhigayaa xaalada dhaqaale ee Germany ee Russia. Sidaas darteed, muwaadiniinta Jarmal ayaa la siiyey xaq u leedahay in la sameeyo ganacsi ee Russia, inkastoo ay u maraya habka of qaramayn.

nabad Brest canshuuraha soo celiyay Germany, aasaasay 1904. Maadaama uu-aqoonsiga non of Bolshevik ku Saarka deymaha Russia hoos Heshiiskan ayaa lagu qasbi karo si ay u xaqiijin dalalka sida Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey iyo Germany oo ay bilaabaan dib u bixiso deymaha kuwan.

Dalalka ka mid ahaayeen block a Entente, ma ansixin nabadda Brest ah, iyo dhexe ee March 1918 ku dhawaaqday non-aqoonsiga.

Bishii November 1918, Germany diidnay heshiiska nabadda. Laba maalmood ka dib, ku xiga ay joojiyo by Guddiga Dhexe Fulinta. Wax yar ka dib, ciidamada Jarmal bilaabay inuu ka tago hore territory Ruush.